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Frontiers in veterinary science2021; 8; 602978; doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.602978

A Comparative Review of Autologous Conditioned Serum and Autologous Protein Solution for Treatment of Osteoarthritis in Horses.

Abstract: Many alternative treatments aimed at modulating osteoarthritis (OA) progression have been developed in the past decades, including the use of cytokine inhibitors. IL-1β is considered one of the most impactful cytokines in OA disease and therefore, its blockage offers a promising approach for the modulation of OA. Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) is a naturally occurring anti-inflammatory protein belonging to the IL-1 family that competes with IL-1β for occupancy of its receptors, without triggering the same downstream inflammatory response. Because of its natural anti-inflammatory properties, different methods have been proposed to use IL-1Ra therapeutically in OA. Autologous conditioned serum (ACS) and autologous protein solution (APS) are blood-derived products produced with the use of specialized commercial kits. These processes result in hemoderivatives with high concentrations of IL-1Ra and other cytokines and growth factors with potential modulatory effects on OA progression. Several studies have demonstrated potential anti-inflammatory effect of these therapies with promising clinical results. However, as with any hemoderivatives, clinical outcomes may vary. For optimal therapeutic use, further research is warranted for a more comprehensive understanding of the product's composition and interaction of its components in joint inflammation. Additionally, differences between ACS and APS treatments may not be clear for many clients and clinicians. Thus, the objective of this narrative review is to guide the reader in important aspects of ACS and APS therapies, and applications and to compare the use of both treatments in OA.
Copyright © 2021 Camargo Garbin and Morris.
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Publication Date: 2021-02-19 PubMed ID: 33681323PubMed Central: PMC7933025DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.602978Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research examines two treatments, namely Autologous Conditioned Serum (ACS) and Autologous Protein Solution (APS), for treating osteoarthritis in horses. It also looks at the role of IL-1Ra, a naturally occurring anti-inflammatory protein, in controlling the disease.

Introducing the Two Treatments

  • The researchers are focused on treating Osteoarthritis, a chronic condition that often affects horses. Previous research hinted at the impact of inflammatory cytokine IL-1β in the progression of OA. Therefore, its inhibitor, IL-1Ra, is considered beneficial in treating OA.
  • The research compares two treatments, Autologous Conditioned Serum (ACS) and Autologous Protein Solution (APS). These are derived from the horse’s blood using commercial kits and are shown to contain high concentrations of IL-1Ra and other substances potentially modifiable the progression of OA.

Role and Therapeutic Potential of IL-1Ra

  • IL-1Ra is an anti-inflammatory protein that naturally exists in the body. It disrupts the inflammatory action of IL-1β by competing with it for attaching to its receptors without triggering a similar inflammatory response. It, therefore, offers a viable option to control OA’s progression.
  • Because of its natural anti-inflammatory properties, various methods, including ACS and APS treatments, have been proposed to therapeutically use IL-1Ra in treating OA.

Evaluation of ACS and APS

  • Several studies have demonstrated the potential anti-inflammatory effects of ACS and APS treatment methods, with reportedly promising clinical results. However, clinical outcomes can vary because these treatments are hemoderivatives (derived from blood).
  • For their optimal therapeutic use, more research is deemed necessary for a fuller understanding of their composition and their components’ interaction during joint inflammation.

Objective of the Research

  • There might exist unclear differences between the ACS and APS treatments from the perspective of many clients and clinicians. Hence, the research is intended to guide the readers about the critical aspects and applications of ACS and APS therapies. It also aims to compare both treatments’ usage in the context of treating OA.

Cite This Article

APA
Camargo Garbin L, Morris MJ. (2021). A Comparative Review of Autologous Conditioned Serum and Autologous Protein Solution for Treatment of Osteoarthritis in Horses. Front Vet Sci, 8, 602978. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.602978

Publication

Frontiers in veterinary science
ISSN: 2297-1769
NlmUniqueID: 101666658
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 8
Pages: 602978
PII: 602978

Researcher Affiliations

Camargo Garbin, Livia
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies at St. Augustine, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.
Morris, Michael J
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies at St. Augustine, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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