Advances in motion analysis.
Abstract: Time magnification in motion photography allows the observation of events in the stride cycle that normally are beyond the resolution of the human eye. Quantitative analysis goes a stage further by measuring the stride in terms of timing, distance, and angular variables. Motion analysis is a good technique for detecting left-right asymmetries of gait, and the nature of the asymmetries has some value in locating the site of a lameness. Repeated analyses of the same horse allow an objective assessment of the effects of local anesthesia, surgical treatment, or medication. It is anticipated that this will be one of the most useful clinical applications of motion analysis in the clinical setting. This article reviews the hardware and software available for cinematographic and videographic gait analysis. Manual digitization is tedious and time consuming, but these drawbacks are partially overcome by semi-automated systems, which use point prediction to estimate the location of the markers. Fully automated systems rely on the use of contrasting markers attached to the horse's skin overlying the anatomic landmarks. In some joints, skin motion relative to the underlying bones is sufficient to introduce significant errors in joint angle calculations unless appropriate correction algorithms are applied.
Publication Date: 1991-08-01 PubMed ID: 1933568DOI: 10.1016/s0749-0739(17)30504-7Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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This research article discusses motion analysis techniques for studying the gait of a horse, revealing hidden details through time magnification, analysing the stride quantitatively, and detecting asymmetries. The article also reviews the available hardware and software tools for such analysis, and considers solutions to challenges presented by manual digitisation, semi-automated systems and fully automated ones.
Motion Analysis of Horse Gait
- The research focuses on motion analysis of horse movement, especially their stride cycles. This is done through time magnification in motion photography, which allows the researchers to closely observe details that are too minute or fast to be seen by the naked eye.
- The stride of the horse is quantitively analyzed in terms of timing, distance, and angles. This technique also proves beneficial in detecting asymmetries between the left-right gait of horses, providing clues surrounding possible issues such as lameness and its location.
- By repeatedly analyzing the same horse’s movement, the research makes an objective assessment of the effects of various interventions such as local anesthesia, surgical treatments, and medication. This aspect of motion analysis is expected to have significant application in the clinical treatment of horses.
Tools for Motion Analysis
- The researcher reviews available hardware and software tools that can be used for cinematographic and videographic gait analysis. These tools are vital for effectively capturing the horse’s movement that can then be analyzed.
- Despite the effectiveness of manual digitization in motion analysis, it is a tedious and time-consuming process. Semi-automated systems, which use point prediction to estimate the location of the markers, provide a partial solution to this issue.
- On the other hand, fully automated systems depend on the use of contrasting markers attached to the horse’s skin at particular anatomical landmarks. These systems can be a source of error, especially when the horse’s skin moves relative to the underlying bones. The research suggests that these errors in joint angle calculations can be corrected using appropriate algorithms.
Cite This Article
APA
Clayton HM.
(1991).
Advances in motion analysis.
Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract, 7(2), 365-382.
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0739(17)30504-7 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Biomechanical Phenomena
- Gait
- Horses / physiology
- Motion Pictures
- Video Recording
References
This article includes 40 references
Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Domańska-Kruppa N, Wierzbicka M, Stefanik E. Advances in the Clinical Diagnostics to Equine Back Pain: A Review of Imaging and Functional Modalities. Animals (Basel) 2024 Feb 23;14(5).
- Much ML, Leatherwood JL, Martinez RE, Silvers BL, Basta CF, Gray LF, Bradbery AN. Evaluation of an oral joint supplement on gait kinematics and biomarkers of cartilage metabolism and inflammation in mature riding horses. Transl Anim Sci 2020 Jul;4(3):txaa150.
- Degueurce C, Dietrich G, Pourcelot P, Denoix JM, Geiger D. Three-dimensional kinematic technique for evaluation of horse locomotion in outdoor conditions. Med Biol Eng Comput 1996 May;34(3):249-52.
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