[Assessment of selenium status in relation to the supplementation of selenium enriched mineral licks and mineral feeds in equines in Thuringia].
Abstract: Screening of commercial mineral feeds and mineral licks on the German market containing selenium (Se) in relation to the Se status in equines in Thuringia with different forms of Se supplementation. Methods: Commercially available Se-containing minerals for horses identified by an online research were evaluated for their Se concentration, Se source, flavour carrier and recommended dosage according to the manufacturer's labelling. Furthermore, serum Se status in 8 equine farms was regularly monitored over the period of one year. The sampled horses either received no Se supplement or Se was supplemented by a mineral lick, a mineral feed or supplementary feed. Results: In 29.7 % of the mineral licks, the manufacturers provided a label with information on the maximal daily Se dosage, all of which exceeded the current recommendations of daily Se intake for a 600 kg horse under maintenance conditions. According to the manufacturers' labelled dosage, 67.5 % of the mineral feeds also exceeded the recommended daily Se intake taking the daily Se requirement of a 600 kg horse under maintenance conditions into consideration. The declarations of the feeds, especially in the case of mineral licks, were frequently not in conformity with the Regulation (EC) Nr. 767/2009 on commercial market introduction and use of feed. Concerning the horses' Se status, only horses receiving Se supplementation either via mineral lick with a Se concentration ≥ 20-50 mg/kg or a mineral or supplementary feed exhibited median serum Se concentrations within the reference range. In 2 of 10 horses with access to mineral licks with molasses containing Se concentrations ≥ 45 mg/kg, serum Se concentration exceeded the reference range at at least at one sampling time point. Conclusions: Due to difficulties in their dosaging, the use of mineral licks should be only considered in extensively managed farms with limited access to the individual horse. The recommended Se concentration in mineral licks is recommended to lie in the range of 40-50 mg/kg. In order to attain improved control over Se intake, this trace element ought to be provided by individual feeding using either a mineral supplement or a supplementary feed. Unassigned: Überprüfung der auf dem deutschen Markt erhältlichen selenhaltigen Mineralleckmassen und Mineralfuttermittel in Bezug zum Selenstatus in thüringischen Pferdebetrieben bei unterschiedlichen Formen der Supplementierung von Selen (Se). Methods: Über eine Online-Recherche gefundene Se-haltige Supplemente für Pferde wurden mit den deklarierten Se-Gehalten, Se-Verbindungen und den Dosierungsempfehlungen der Hersteller erfasst. Das Weiteren wurde in 8 thüringischen Pferdebeständen der Serum-Se-Status in regelmäßigen Abständen über ein Jahr dokumentiert. Die beprobten Pferde erhielten entweder keine Se-Ergänzung oder eine Se-Supplementierung über eine Mineralleckmasse bzw. ein Se-haltiges Mineral- oder Ergänzungsfutter. Unassigned: Bei den Mineralleckmassen gaben 29,7 % der Hersteller Empfehlungen zur maximalen Se-Aufnahmemenge pro Tag, die ausnahmslos den täglichen Se-Bedarf eines 600 kg schweren Pferdes unter Erhaltungsbedingungen überschritten. Bei 67,5 % der untersuchten Mineralfutter lag die maximal empfohlene Dosierung für ein 600 kg schweres Pferd ebenfalls über dem Erhaltungsbedarf für Se. Die Deklaration der Futtermittel war vor allem bei den Mineralleckmassen vielfach nicht gesetzeskonform gemäß der Futtermittelverkehrsverordnung VO 767/2009. Bei der Überprüfung des Se-Status in Pferdehaltungen zeigten lediglich Tiere, bei denen Se über Mineralleckmassen mit Se-Gehalten ≥ 20–50 mg/kg oder durch Ergänzungs- oder Mineralfuttermitteln supplementiert wurde, mediane Serum-Se-Konzentrationen im Referenzbereich. Bei 2 von 10 Pferden, denen melassehaltige Mineralleckmassen mit einem Se-Gehalt ≥ 45 mg/kg angeboten wurden, lag zu einem Beprobungszeitpunkt die Serum-Se-Konzentration oberhalb des Referenzbereichs. Unassigned: Die Se-Ergänzung über eine Mineralleckmasse sollte aufgrund der schlechten Dosierbarkeit nur bei extensiven Haltungsformen mit fehlender Möglichkeit zur individuellen Fütterung erfolgen. Wenn eine Mineralleckmasse eingesetzt wird, ist eine Se-Konzentration von 40–50 mg/kg zu empfehlen. Aufgrund der besseren Steuerbarkeit der Se-Aufnahme sollte die Se-Supplementierung optimalerweise über ein individuell zugeteiltes Mineral- oder Ergänzungsfutter erfolgen.
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Publication Date: 2020-12-04 PubMed ID: 33276410DOI: 10.1055/a-1274-9045Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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This study examines selenium (Se) content in commercial mineral feeds and licks for horses and its correlation to the serum Se status in horses across eight farms in Thuringia, Germany. The research observed that inaccurate labelling and improper dosage recommendations in commercially available products often lead to selenium intake beyond recommended levels. However, where correct supplementation occurred, horses exhibited optimal serum selenium levels.
Methods
- The study analyzed Se-containing minerals available for horses commercially identified via online research. They evaluated the Se concentration, source of Se, flavor carrier, and dosage recommendations based on manufacturer’s details.
- Serum Se status was frequently monitored in eight equine farms over an entire year. The examined horses either had no Se supplement or were given Se through a mineral lick or mineral feed.
Results
- Nearly 30% of the marketed mineral licks had labels revealing the maximum daily dosage of selenium, all exceeding the daily recommended intake for a 600 kg horse under maintenance.
- Manufacturers’ labelled dosages for 67.5% of the mineral feeds too surpassed the suggested daily Se intake, reflecting upon a 600 kg horse’s daily requirement under maintenance conditions.
- The product declarations particularly for mineral licks frequently failed to comply with the Regulation (EC) Nr. 767/2009 norms on commercial market usage of feed.
- In terms of the horses’ Se status, only those receiving Se supplementation via mineral lick with an Se concentration ≥ 20-50 mg/kg or a mineral or supplementary feed demonstrated median serum Se concentrations within the acceptable range.
Conclusions
- Given the challenges in dosage, mineral licks should ideally be employed only in extensively managed farms with limited access to individual horses. It is recommended that the Se concentration in mineral licks be within 40-50 mg/kg.
- For better control over Se intake, this trace element should be provided by separate feeding using a mineral supplement or a supplementary feed.
Cite This Article
APA
Langner K, Hörügel U, Donat K, Vervuert I.
(2020).
[Assessment of selenium status in relation to the supplementation of selenium enriched mineral licks and mineral feeds in equines in Thuringia].
Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere, 48(6), 398-405.
https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1274-9045 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Institut für Tierernährung, Ernährungsschäden und Diätetik, Universität Leipzig.
- Sächsische Tierseuchenkasse, Pferdegesundheitsdienst.
- Thüringer Tierseuchenkasse.
- Institut für Tierernährung, Ernährungsschäden und Diätetik, Universität Leipzig.
MeSH Terms
- Animal Feed / standards
- Animal Husbandry
- Animals
- Dietary Supplements
- Germany
- Horses / physiology
- Nutritional Status / physiology
- Selenium / administration & dosage
- Selenium / blood
Conflict of Interest Statement
Die Autoren bestätigen, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.
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