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BMC veterinary research2020; 16(1); 10; doi: 10.1186/s12917-020-2233-x

Capacitive resistive electric transfer modifies gait pattern in horses exercised on a treadmill.

Abstract: Capacitive resistive electric transfer (CRET), a radiofrequency at 448 kHz, resulted in increased superficial and deep temperature and hemoglobin saturation, faster elimination of metabolic and inflammatory products and enhanced sport performance in humans. This research aims to investigate whether the application of CRET affects the locomotor pattern in horses and to assess whether an accumulative effect appears when two CRET sessions are applied two consecutive days. Methods: Nine horses were subjected to two CRET sessions applied in both right and left sides of neck, shoulder, back and croup. The horses were exercised on a treadmill, at walk and at trot, before CRET application and at 2, 6 and 12 h after. A second CRET session was applied next day, and the animals were evaluated again at the same times (i.e. at 26, 30 and 36 h after the first session). Between 5 and 7 days later, the same horses were subjected to a sham procedure and they were evaluated in the same times as in the CRET experiment. During treadmill exercise, locomotor parameters were measured with a triaxial accelerometer fixed in the pectoral region and in the sacrum midline. Results: The sham procedure did not affect any of the accelerometric variables studied. CRET applications resulted in greater total powers, which resulted in absolute increased dorsoventral, mediolateral and longitudinal powers. However, a reduction in dorsoventral power expressed as a percentage of total power was found. Stride regularity increased. The greater total power resulted in longer stride length and because the velocity was kept fixed on the treadmill, stride frequency decreased. An accumulative effect of CRET application was only found in stride length and frequency. Conclusions: It appears that CRET is a useful technique to enhance power and to elongate the stride at defined walk and trot velocities. The effect of these changes on performance should be studied for horses competing in different sport disciplines.
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Publication Date: 2020-01-09 PubMed ID: 31918723PubMed Central: PMC6953297DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-2233-xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The study investigates the effects of Capacitive resistive electric transfer (CRET) on the locomotion patterns in horses, specifically looking at potential cumulative effects from two sessions of treatment delivered over consecutive days. The research found that use of CRET can enhance power and extend stride length in horses at established walk and trot speeds.

Study Methodology

  • The study involved nine horses which were subjected to two sessions of CRET treatment. The treatment was applied to both the right and left sides of their neck, shoulder, back and croup.
  • Following treatment, the horses’ gait was evaluated at 2, 6, and 12 hours after the CRET application. A second CRET session was also applied the following day and the horses were evaluated again at the same intervals as the first session.
  • A control measurement was taken by subjecting the horses to a sham procedure between 5 to 7 days later, and their locomotor parameters were assessed in the same manner as during the CRET experiment.
  • The gait measurements were taken with a triaxial accelerometer fixed in the pectoral region and in the sacrum midline while the horses were exercised on a treadmill.

Study Results

  • The placebo procedure did not show any significant changes in the accelerometric variables studied.
  • In contrast, the application of CRET resulted in greater total powers, which consequently increased dorsoventral, mediolateral and longitudinal powers, indicating an increased physical force or energy during locomotion.
  • The CRET treatment also caused a decrease in dorsoventral power when expressed as a percentage of total power, though the reason for this isn’t clearly stated.
  • Stride regularity, stride length, and stride frequency were all improved after CRET application. These metrics are directly related to the horse’s gait performance and efficiency which implies better physical condition or performance of the horses post-treatment.
  • An accumulative effect of CRET application was only found in stride length and frequency, suggesting that repeated CRET applications could lead to more noticeable improvements in these specific gait parameters.

Study Conclusions

  • The study concludes that CRET appears to be a helpful technique to improve power and extend stride length in horses.
  • The implications of these changes on performance should be investigated further, particularly for horses that participate in various sports disciplines, where gait performance is of significant importance.

Cite This Article

APA
Becero M, Saitua A, Argüelles D, Sánchez de Medina AL, Castejón-Riber C, Riber C, Muñoz A. (2020). Capacitive resistive electric transfer modifies gait pattern in horses exercised on a treadmill. BMC Vet Res, 16(1), 10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-020-2233-x

Publication

BMC veterinary research
ISSN: 1746-6148
NlmUniqueID: 101249759
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Pages: 10
PII: 10

Researcher Affiliations

Becero, Mireya
  • Equine Sport Medicine Center CEMEDE, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, 14004, Cordoba, España.
Saitua, Aritz
  • Equine Sport Medicine Center CEMEDE, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, 14004, Cordoba, España.
  • Veterinary Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain.
Argüelles, David
  • Veterinary Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain.
Sánchez de Medina, Antonia Lucía
  • Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, 14004, Cordoba, España.
  • Veterinary Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, 14004, Cordoba, España.
Castejón-Riber, Cristina
  • Equine Sport Medicine Center CEMEDE, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, 14004, Cordoba, España.
  • Department of Corporal Expression, University of Córdoba, 4004, Córdoba, Spain.
Riber, Cristina
  • Equine Sport Medicine Center CEMEDE, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, 14004, Cordoba, España.
  • Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, 14004, Cordoba, España.
Muñoz, Ana
  • Equine Sport Medicine Center CEMEDE, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, 14004, Cordoba, España. pv1mujua@uco.es.
  • Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, 14004, Cordoba, España. pv1mujua@uco.es.

MeSH Terms

  • Accelerometry / methods
  • Accelerometry / veterinary
  • Animals
  • Electric Capacitance
  • Electric Impedance
  • Female
  • Gait / physiology
  • Horses / physiology
  • Hyperthermia, Induced / veterinary
  • Male
  • Muscle, Skeletal / physiology

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Citations

This article has been cited 5 times.
  1. Benito M, Jasny T, Roger V, Pflieger C, Grandjean D. Short-Term Efficacy of Capacitive-Resistive Electrical Transfer Therapy in Short-Haired Sled Dogs in Middle-Distance Competition. Animals (Basel) 2022 Dec 14;12(24).
    doi: 10.3390/ani12243530pubmed: 36552450google scholar: lookup
  2. Argüelles D, Becero M, Muñoz A, Saitua A, Ramón T, Gascón E, Sánchez de Medina A, Prades M. Accelerometric Changes before and after Capacitive Resistive Electric Transfer Therapy in Horses with Thoracolumbar Pain Compared to a SHAM Procedure. Animals (Basel) 2020 Dec 5;10(12).
    doi: 10.3390/ani10122305pubmed: 33291357google scholar: lookup
  3. Saitua A, Pérez-Umbría J, García-Álamo K, Muñoz A. Dynamic Mobilization Exercises Improve Activity and Stride Parameters Measured with Accelerometry in Sedentary Horses. Animals (Basel) 2025 Oct 10;15(20).
    doi: 10.3390/ani15202943pubmed: 41153872google scholar: lookup
  4. Argüelles D, Saitua A, Miraz R, Calle-González N, Requena F, Nocera I, Vitale V, Sgorbini M, Muñoz A. The application of a single session of capacitive resistive electric transfer 24 h before exercise modifies the accelerometric pattern in standardbred racing trotters. BMC Vet Res 2024 May 22;20(1):217.
    doi: 10.1186/s12917-024-04039-2pubmed: 38773549google scholar: lookup
  5. Canet-Vintró M, Rodríguez-Sanz J, López-de-Celis C, Hidalgo-García C, Oviedo GR, Rodríguez-Rodríguez S, Pérez-Bellmunt A. Changes in the Sprint, Vertical Jump and Quadriceps Strength after a Capacitive Resistive Electric Transfer Therapy Intervention-A Randomized Clinical Trial. Sports (Basel) 2024 Jan 22;12(1).
    doi: 10.3390/sports12010036pubmed: 38275985google scholar: lookup
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