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Home / Equine Research Bank / Front Vet Sci / Comparison of the Chondrogenic Differentiation Potential of ...
Frontiers in veterinary science2019; 6; 178; doi: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00178

Comparison of the Chondrogenic Differentiation Potential of Equine Synovial Membrane-Derived and Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Abstract: Focal cartilage injury occurs commonly and often precipitates OA. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may be useful for repairing cartilage lesions, thereby preventing joint degeneration. Although MSCs isolated from bone marrow have been shown to have chondrogenic potential, synovial membrane-derived MSCs (SM-MSCs) may have superior chondrogenic abilities due to a common progenitor cell between synovium and cartilage. The objective of this study was to directly compare the immunophenotype, proliferative capabilities, and chondrogenic potential of equine SM-MSCs and bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs). In order to do this, MSCs were isolated from synovial membrane and bone marrow collected from 6 adult horses. Flow cytometric analysis was used to assess cell surface marker expression including CD29, CD44, CD90, CD105, CD45, CD-79α, MHCI, and MHCII. Proliferation rates and doubling time were quantified in P1 and P2 cells. Trilineage differentiation assays were performed. MSC pellets were cultured in chondrogenic induction media for 28 days. Pellets were stained with toluidine blue to assess proteoglycan deposition. Expression of the chondrogenic-related genes , and was quantified using qRT-PCR. The immunophenotypes of BM-MSCs and SM-MSCs were similar with both cell types being positive for expression of stem cell markers (CD29, CD44, CD90, CD105, and MHCI) and negative for exclusion markers (CD45 and CD79α). Although SM-MSCs did not express the exclusion marker, MHCII, expression of MHCII was moderate in BM-MSCs. Overall, chondrogenic differentiation was not significantly between the cell types with histologic parameters, proteoglycan content and gene expression being similar. BM-MSCs showed enhanced osteogenic differentiation compared to SM-MSCs. Synovial membrane is a feasible source of MSCs in the horse, however, superior chondrogenesis should not be expected under currently described culture conditions.
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Publication Date: 2019-06-06 PubMed ID: 31245393PubMed Central: PMC6562279DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00178Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research involves a comparison of the regenerative potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) sourced from synovial membrane and bone marrow in horses, focusing on whether the two perform differently in cartilage repair which is vital for cases of osteoarthritis.

Sampling and Analysis

  • The researchers collected MSCs from the synovial membrane (SM-MSCs) and bone marrow (BM-MSCs) of 6 adult horses.
  • The research team used a flow cytometric analysis for examining the expression of cell surface markers such as CD29, CD44, CD90, CD105, CD45, CD-79α, MHCI, and MHCII on the samples, which helps understand the inherent properties of the cells.
  • Proliferation rates and doubling time were quantified for both the sets (P1 and P2).
  • The MSCs samples were cultured in chondrogenic induction media for 28 days, forming MSC pellets.
  • These MSC pellets were stained with toluidine blue to determine the presence of proteoglycans, which are key components of cartilage.
  • The expression of chondrogenic-related genes was quantified using qRT-PCR, a technique to measure the amount of specific RNA in the samples.

Findings of the Study

  • The results of the experiments showed very similar immunophenotypes for both BM-MSCs and SM-MSCs, indicating that they share fundamental properties.
  • Both cell types were positive for stem cell markers such as CD29, CD44, CD90, CD105, and MHCI, suggesting that they had the potential to develop into cartilage cells.
  • They were also both negative for exclusion markers such as CD45 and CD79α.
  • A significant difference found was on the expression of MHCII marker where BM-MSCs showed moderate expression while SM-MSCs showed none. This suggests that they might react differently to immune responses.
  • Interestingly, the chondrogenic differentiation i.e., the ability to develop into cartilage cells, showed no significant difference between SM-MSCs and BM-MSCs based on histologic parameters, proteoglycan content, and gene expression.
  • However, BM-MSCs demonstrated enhanced osteogenic (bone-forming) differentiation compared to SM-MSCs.

Conclusions

  • The research concluded that the synovial membrane is a feasible source of MSCs in horses.
  • However, based on the results, one should not anticipate superior chondrogenesis from synovial MSCs in comparison to bone marrow MSCs under the given culture conditions.

Cite This Article

APA
Gale AL, Linardi RL, McClung G, Mammone RM, Ortved KF. (2019). Comparison of the Chondrogenic Differentiation Potential of Equine Synovial Membrane-Derived and Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Vet Sci, 6, 178. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2019.00178

Publication

Frontiers in veterinary science
ISSN: 2297-1769
NlmUniqueID: 101666658
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 6
Pages: 178
PII: 178

Researcher Affiliations

Gale, Alexis L
  • Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Linardi, Renata L
  • Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
McClung, George
  • VCA San Francisco Veterinary Specialists, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Mammone, Renata M
  • Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Ortved, Kyla F
  • Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.

Grant Funding

  • T35 OD010919 / NIH HHS

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This article has been cited 23 times.
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