FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 9000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Home / Equine Research Bank / Vet Med (Auckl) / Equine glandular gastric disease: prevalence, impact and man...
Veterinary medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)2019; 10; 69-76; doi: 10.2147/VMRR.S174427

Equine glandular gastric disease: prevalence, impact and management strategies.

Abstract: Equine glandular gastric disease (EGGD) is an increasingly recognized disease of the glandular mucosa of the equine stomach. Diagnosis is confirmed by gastric endoscopy and scored based upon one of several different endoscopic scoring systems. Prevalence appears to be variable, depending upon breed and discipline. Primary identified risk factors include exercise frequency, and stress; therefore, management strategies are focused on reducing exercise and stress. Limiting grain intake and increasing pasture turnout may also be helpful preventative measures. Pharmacologic treatment consists primarily of an approved omeprazole product with or without misoprostol or sucralfate. Further research into the pathophysiology of EGGD may allow for identification of other targeted treatments.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2019-07-16 PubMed ID: 31406687PubMed Central: PMC6642651DOI: 10.2147/VMRR.S174427Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Journal Article
  • Review

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

Equine glandular gastric disease (EGGD) is a stomach disease found in horses which varies in prevalence based on factors such as breed and discipline. The study finds that factors including exercise frequency and stress levels may influence the disease, with strategies to mitigate these factors forming the basis of disease management. Dietary alterations and medication appear to be effective preventative and treatment measures, with further research required to identify further target treatments.

Overview of Equine Glandular Gastric Disease

  • The research focuses on Equine Glandular Gastric Disease (EGGD), an increasingly noticeable illness affecting the glandular mucosa located in the horse’s stomach.
  • Diagnosis of EGGD is made through a medical procedure known as a gastric endoscopy wherein a flexible tube with a light and camera at one end is used to view the horse’s stomach.
  • The severity of EGGD is assessed based on various endoscopic scoring systems which grade the condition based on the disease’s magnitude as revealed by the endoscopy.
  • The prevalence of the disease varies, seemingly influenced by factors such as the breed of the horse and their discipline.

Risk Factors and Management Strategies for EGGD

  • The research identifies exercise frequency and stress levels in horses as the primary risk factors for EGGD.
  • Given these risk factors, strategies to manage and prevent the disease largely focus on frequency and intensity of exercise and reduction of stress levels in the horse.
  • Dietary alteration, particularly a reduction in grain intake and an increase in pasture turnout, are identified as potentially helpful preventative measures against EGGD.

Pharmacological Treatment and Future Research for EGGD

  • An approved omeprazole product, either alone or combined with misoprostol or sucralfate, forms the primary basis of pharmacological treatment for EGGD.
  • The study notes that further research into the pathophysiology of EGGD, that is how the disease functions and affects the body, may lead to identification of other possible treatments.
  • By better understanding this, it may be possible to develop more specific, targeted treatments for horses suffering from EGGD.

Cite This Article

APA
Banse HE, Andrews FM. (2019). Equine glandular gastric disease: prevalence, impact and management strategies. Vet Med (Auckl), 10, 69-76. https://doi.org/10.2147/VMRR.S174427

Publication

Veterinary medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)
ISSN: 2230-2034
NlmUniqueID: 101724251
Country: New Zealand
Language: English
Volume: 10
Pages: 69-76

Researcher Affiliations

Banse, Heidi E
  • Equine Health Studies Program, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge LA, USA.
Andrews, Frank M
  • Equine Health Studies Program, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge LA, USA.

Conflict of Interest Statement

Dr Banse has previously provided consultancy services for Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health. Dr Andrews has previously performed research funded by Merial and Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health. Dr Banse reports grants from Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health, outside the submitted work. The authors report no other conflicts of interest in this work.

References

This article includes 65 references
  1. Sykes BW, Hewetson M, Hepburn RJ, Luthersson N, Tamzali Y. European College of Equine Internal Medicine Consensus Statement--Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome in Adult Horses.. J Vet Intern Med 2015 Sep-Oct;29(5):1288-99.
    doi: 10.1111/jvim.13578pmc: PMC4858038pubmed: 26340142google scholar: lookup
  2. Sauer FJ, Bruckmaier RM, Ramseyer A, Vidondo B, Scheidegger MD, Gerber V. Diagnostic accuracy of post-ACTH challenge salivary cortisol concentrations for identifying horses with equine glandular gastric disease.. J Anim Sci 2018 Jun 4;96(6):2154-2161.
    doi: 10.1093/jas/sky074pmc: PMC6095231pubmed: 29762691google scholar: lookup
  3. Hewetson M, Sykes BW, Hallowell GD, Tulamo RM. Diagnostic accuracy of blood sucrose as a screening test for equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS) in adult horses.. Acta Vet Scand 2017 Mar 11;59(1):15.
    doi: 10.1186/s13028-017-0347-3pmc: PMC5346197pubmed: 28284214google scholar: lookup
  4. MacAllister CG, Andrews FM, Deegan E, Ruoff W, Olovson SG. A scoring system for gastric ulcers in the horse.. Equine Vet J 1997 Nov;29(6):430-3.
    pubmed: 9413714doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1997.tb03154.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  5. Sykes B, Jokisalo J. Rethinking equine gastric ulcer syndrome: part 1–terminology, clinical signs and diagnosis. Equine Vet Educ 2014;26(10):543–547.
    doi: 10.1111/eve.2014.26.issue-10google scholar: lookup
  6. Anon. Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS)‐The Equine Gastric Ulcer Council. Equine Vet Educ 1999;11:262–272.
    doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3292.1999.tb00961.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  7. Sykes BW, Kathawala K, Song Y, Garg S, Page SW, Underwood C, Mills PC. Preliminary investigations into a novel, long-acting, injectable, intramuscular formulation of omeprazole in the horse.. Equine Vet J 2017 Nov;49(6):795-801.
    doi: 10.1111/evj.12688pubmed: 28397996google scholar: lookup
  8. Pedersen SK, Cribb AE, Windeyer MC, Read EK, French D, Banse HE. Risk factors for equine glandular and squamous gastric disease in show jumping Warmbloods.. Equine Vet J 2018 Nov;50(6):747-751.
    doi: 10.1111/evj.12949pubmed: 29660168google scholar: lookup
  9. Crumpton S, Baiker K, Hallowell G, Habershon‐Butcher J, Bowen I. Diagnostic value of gastric mucosal biopsies in horses with glandular disease. Equine Vet J 2015;47(S48):9.
    doi: 10.1111/evj.12486_18pubmed: 0google scholar: lookup
  10. Luthersson N, Nielsen KH, Harris P, Parkin TD. The prevalence and anatomical distribution of equine gastric ulceration syndrome (EGUS) in 201 horses in Denmark.. Equine Vet J 2009 Sep;41(7):619-24.
    pubmed: 19927578doi: 10.2746/042516409x441910google scholar: lookup
  11. Hepburn R. Endoscopic examination of the squamous and glandular gastric mucosa in sport and leisure horses: 684 horses (2005–2011). Paper presented at: Proceedings of the 11th International Equine Colic Research Symposium, Dublin, Ireland; 2014.
  12. Dionne RM, Vrins A, Doucet MY, Paré J. Gastric ulcers in standardbred racehorses: prevalence, lesion description, and risk factors.. J Vet Intern Med 2003 Mar-Apr;17(2):218-22.
    pubmed: 12683624doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2003.tb02437.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  13. Begg LM, O'Sullivan CB. The prevalence and distribution of gastric ulceration in 345 racehorses.. Aust Vet J 2003 Apr;81(4):199-201.
    pubmed: 15080440doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2003.tb11469.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  14. Murray MJ, Schusser GF, Pipers FS, Gross SJ. Factors associated with gastric lesions in thoroughbred racehorses.. Equine Vet J 1996 Sep;28(5):368-74.
    pubmed: 8894534doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1996.tb03107.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  15. Nieto JE, Snyder JR, Beldomenico P, Aleman M, Kerr JW, Spier SJ. Prevalence of gastric ulcers in endurance horses--a preliminary report.. Vet J 2004 Jan;167(1):33-7.
    pubmed: 14623148doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2003.09.005google scholar: lookup
  16. Tamzali Y, Marguet C, Priymenko N, Lyazrhi F. Prevalence of gastric ulcer syndrome in high-level endurance horses.. Equine Vet J 2011 Mar;43(2):141-4.
    doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2010.00129.xpubmed: 21592206google scholar: lookup
  17. de Bruijn CM, Schutrups AH, Seesing EH. Prevalence of equine gastric ulceration syndrome in standardbreds.. Vet Rec 2009 Jun 27;164(26):814-5.
    pubmed: 19561352doi: 10.1136/vr.164.26.814google scholar: lookup
  18. Sykes BW, Bowen M, Habershon-Butcher JL, Green M, Hallowell GD. Management factors and clinical implications of glandular and squamous gastric disease in horses.. J Vet Intern Med 2019 Jan;33(1):233-240.
    pmc: PMC6335573pubmed: 30499188doi: 10.1111/jvim.15350google scholar: lookup
  19. Mönki J, Hewetson M, Virtala AM. Risk Factors for Equine Gastric Glandular Disease: A Case-Control Study in a Finnish Referral Hospital Population.. J Vet Intern Med 2016 Jul;30(4):1270-5.
    doi: 10.1111/jvim.14370pmc: PMC5108429pubmed: 27461724google scholar: lookup
  20. Banse HE, MacLeod H, Crosby C, Windeyer MC. Prevalence of and risk factors for equine glandular and squamous gastric disease in polo horses.. Can Vet J 2018 Aug;59(8):880-884.
    pmc: PMC6049336pubmed: 30104780
  21. Sykes BW, Sykes KM, Hallowell GD. A comparison of three doses of omeprazole in the treatment of equine gastric ulcer syndrome: A blinded, randomised, dose-response clinical trial.. Equine Vet J 2015 May;47(3):285-90.
    doi: 10.1111/evj.12287pubmed: 24761780google scholar: lookup
  22. Sykes BW, Sykes KM, Hallowell GD. A comparison of two doses of omeprazole in the treatment of equine gastric ulcer syndrome: a blinded, randomised, clinical trial.. Equine Vet J 2014 Jul;46(4):416-21.
    doi: 10.1111/evj.12191pubmed: 24102898google scholar: lookup
  23. Wallace JL. Prostaglandins, NSAIDs, and gastric mucosal protection: why doesn't the stomach digest itself?. Physiol Rev 2008 Oct;88(4):1547-65.
    doi: 10.1152/physrev.00004.2008pubmed: 18923189google scholar: lookup
  24. Pedersen SK, Cribb AE, Read EK, French D, Banse HE. Phenylbutazone induces equine glandular gastric disease without decreasing prostaglandin E(2) concentrations.. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2018 Apr;41(2):239-245.
    doi: 10.1111/jvp.12464pubmed: 29148168google scholar: lookup
  25. Meschter CL, Gilbert M, Krook L, Maylin G, Corradino R. The effects of phenylbutazone on the morphology and prostaglandin concentrations of the pyloric mucosa of the equine stomach.. Vet Pathol 1990 Jul;27(4):244-53.
    doi: 10.1177/030098589002700405pubmed: 2402852google scholar: lookup
  26. Goddard PJ, Kao YC, Lichtenberger LM. Luminal surface hydrophobicity of canine gastric mucosa is dependent on a surface mucous gel.. Gastroenterology 1990 Feb;98(2):361-70.
    pubmed: 2295391doi: 10.1016/0016-5085(90)90826-mgoogle scholar: lookup
  27. Hills BA, Butler BD, Lichtenberger LM. Gastric mucosal barrier: hydrophobic lining to the lumen of the stomach.. Am J Physiol 1983 May;244(5):G561-8.
    doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.1983.244.5.G561pubmed: 6846549google scholar: lookup
  28. Moyaert H, Decostere A, Vandamme P, Debruyne L, Mast J, Baele M, Ceelen L, Ducatelle R, Haesebrouck F. Helicobacter equorum sp. nov., a urease-negative Helicobacter species isolated from horse faeces.. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2007 Feb;57(Pt 2):213-218.
    doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.64279-0pubmed: 17267952google scholar: lookup
  29. Follmer C. Ureases as a target for the treatment of gastric and urinary infections.. J Clin Pathol 2010 May;63(5):424-30.
    doi: 10.1136/jcp.2009.072595pubmed: 20418234google scholar: lookup
  30. Dong HJ, Ho H, Hwang H, Kim Y, Han J, Lee I, Cho S. Diversity of the Gastric Microbiota in Thoroughbred Racehorses Having Gastric Ulcer.. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2016 Apr 28;26(4):763-74.
    doi: 10.4014/jmb.1507.07054pubmed: 26809803google scholar: lookup
  31. Contreras M, Morales A, García-Amado MA, De Vera M, Bermúdez V, Gueneau P. Detection of Helicobacter-like DNA in the gastric mucosa of Thoroughbred horses.. Lett Appl Microbiol 2007 Nov;45(5):553-7.
    doi: 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2007.02227.xpubmed: 17908231google scholar: lookup
  32. Husted L, Jensen TK, Olsen SN, Mølbak L. Examination of equine glandular stomach lesions for bacteria, including Helicobacter spp by fluorescence in situ hybridisation.. BMC Microbiol 2010 Mar 19;10:84.
    doi: 10.1186/1471-2180-10-84pmc: PMC2848230pubmed: 20298612google scholar: lookup
  33. Li XX, Wong GL, To KF, Wong VW, Lai LH, Chow DK, Lau JY, Sung JJ, Ding C. Bacterial microbiota profiling in gastritis without Helicobacter pylori infection or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use.. PLoS One 2009 Nov 24;4(11):e7985.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0007985pmc: PMC2776972pubmed: 19956741google scholar: lookup
  34. Freestone JF, Wolfsheimer KJ, Kamerling SG, Church G, Hamra J, Bagwell C. Exercise induced hormonal and metabolic changes in Thoroughbred horses: effects of conditioning and acepromazine.. Equine Vet J 1991 May;23(3):219-23.
    pubmed: 1884706doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1991.tb02760.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  35. Cayado P, Muñoz-Escassi B, Domínguez C, Manley W, Olabarri B, Sánchez de la Muela M, Castejon F, Marañon G, Vara E. Hormone response to training and competition in athletic horses.. Equine Vet J Suppl 2006 Aug;(36):274-8.
    doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2006.tb05552.xpubmed: 17402431google scholar: lookup
  36. Munk R, Jensen RB, Palme R, Munksgaard L, Christensen JW. An exploratory study of competition scores and salivary cortisol concentrations in Warmblood horses.. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2017 Oct;61:108-116.
    doi: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2017.06.007pubmed: 28800426google scholar: lookup
  37. Scheidegger MD, Gerber V, Bruckmaier RM, van der Kolk JH, Burger D, Ramseyer A. Increased adrenocortical response to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in sport horses with equine glandular gastric disease (EGGD).. Vet J 2017 Oct;228:7-12.
    doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2017.09.002pubmed: 29153110google scholar: lookup
  38. Gitlin N, Ginn P, Kobayashi K, Arakawa T. The relationship between plasma cortisol and gastric mucosa prostaglandin levels in rats with stress ulcers.. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1988 Jun;2(3):213-20.
    doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.1988.tb00690.xpubmed: 2979245google scholar: lookup
  39. Avunduk C, Eastwood GL, Polakowski N, Burstein S. Hydrocortisone has a biphasic effect on rat gastric mucosal prostaglandin generation in vivo: inhibition at low doses, stimulation at high doses.. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 1992 Apr;45(4):329-32.
    doi: 10.1016/0952-3278(92)90091-Vpubmed: 1603823google scholar: lookup
  40. Carpani de Kaski M, Rentsch R, Levi S, Hodgson HJ. Corticosteroids reduce regenerative repair of epithelium in experimental gastric ulcers.. Gut 1995 Nov;37(5):613-6.
    pmc: PMC1382863pubmed: 8549934doi: 10.1136/gut.37.5.613google scholar: lookup
  41. Martineau H, Thompson H, Taylor D. Pathology of gastritis and gastric ulceration in the horse. Part 2: a scoring system.. Equine Vet J 2009 Sep;41(7):646-51.
    pubmed: 19927582doi: 10.2746/042516409x464799google scholar: lookup
  42. Sonnenberg A, Melton SD, Genta RM. Frequent occurrence of gastritis and duodenitis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2011 Jan;17(1):39-44.
    doi: 10.1002/ibd.21356pubmed: 20848539google scholar: lookup
  43. Sonnenberg A, Genta RM. Low prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among patients with inflammatory bowel disease.. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2012 Feb;35(4):469-76.
    doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2011.04969.xpubmed: 22221289google scholar: lookup
  44. Washabau RJ, Day MJ, Willard MD, Hall EJ, Jergens AE, Mansell J, Minami T, Bilzer TW. Endoscopic, biopsy, and histopathologic guidelines for the evaluation of gastrointestinal inflammation in companion animals.. J Vet Intern Med 2010 Jan-Feb;24(1):10-26.
    pubmed: 20391635doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2009.0443.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  45. Andrews FM, Sifferman RL, Bernard W, Hughes FE, Holste JE, Daurio CP, Alva R, Cox JL. Efficacy of omeprazole paste in the treatment and prevention of gastric ulcers in horses.. Equine Vet J Suppl 1999 Apr;(29):81-6.
    doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1999.tb05176.xpubmed: 10696301google scholar: lookup
  46. MacAllister CG, Sifferman RL, McClure SR, White GW, Vatistas NJ, Holste JE, Ericcson GF, Cox JL. Effects of omeprazole paste on healing of spontaneous gastric ulcers in horses and foals: a field trial.. Equine Vet J Suppl 1999 Apr;(29):77-80.
    doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1999.tb05175.xpubmed: 10696300google scholar: lookup
  47. Daurio CP, Holste JE, Andrews FM, Merritt AM, Blackford JT, Dolz F, Thompson DR. Effect of omeprazole paste on gastric acid secretion in horses.. Equine Vet J Suppl 1999 Apr;(29):59-62.
    doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1999.tb05171.xpubmed: 10696296google scholar: lookup
  48. Sykes BW, Underwood C, Greer R, McGowan CM, Mills PC. The effects of dose and diet on the pharmacodynamics of omeprazole in the horse.. Equine Vet J 2017 Jul;49(4):525-531.
    doi: 10.1111/evj.12630pubmed: 27554924google scholar: lookup
  49. Videla R, Sommardahl CS, Elliott SB, Vasili A, Andrews FM. Effects of intravenously administered esomeprazole sodium on gastric juice pH in adult female horses.. J Vet Intern Med 2011 May-Jun;25(3):558-62.
    doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2011.0716.xpubmed: 21457324google scholar: lookup
  50. Huxford KE, Dart AJ, Perkins NR, Bell R, Jeffcott LB. A pilot study comparing the effect of orally administered esomeprazole and omeprazole on gastric fluid pH in horses.. N Z Vet J 2017 Nov;65(6):318-321.
    doi: 10.1080/00480169.2017.1359125pubmed: 28738738google scholar: lookup
  51. Lester GD, Smith RL, Robertson ID. Effects of treatment with omeprazole or ranitidine on gastric squamous ulceration in racing Thoroughbreds.. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2005 Nov 15;227(10):1636-9.
    pubmed: 16313043doi: 10.2460/javma.2005.227.1636google scholar: lookup
  52. Andrews FM, Frank N, Sommardahl CS, Buchanan BR, Elliott SB, Allen VA. Effects of intravenously administrated omeprazole on gastric juice pH and gastric ulcer scores in adult horses.. J Vet Intern Med 2006 Sep-Oct;20(5):1202-6.
    pubmed: 17063717doi: 10.1892/0891-6640(2006)20[1202:eoiaoo]2.0.co;2google scholar: lookup
  53. Bavishi C, Dupont HL. Systematic review: the use of proton pump inhibitors and increased susceptibility to enteric infection.. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2011 Dec;34(11-12):1269-81.
    doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2011.04874.xpubmed: 21999643google scholar: lookup
  54. Furr M, Cohen ND, Axon JE, Sanchez LC, Pantaleon L, Haggett E, Campbell R, Tennent-Brown B. Treatment with histamine-type 2 receptor antagonists and omeprazole increase the risk of diarrhoea in neonatal foals treated in intensive care units.. Equine Vet J Suppl 2012 Feb;(41):80-6.
    doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2011.00499.xpubmed: 22594032google scholar: lookup
  55. Rees WD. Mechanisms of gastroduodenal protection by sucralfate.. Am J Med 1991 Aug 8;91(2A):58S-63S.
    doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(91)90452-4pubmed: 1715673google scholar: lookup
  56. Szabo S, Hollander D. Pathways of gastrointestinal protection and repair: mechanisms of action of sucralfate.. Am J Med 1989 Jun 9;86(6A):23-31.
    pubmed: 2735333doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(89)90153-8google scholar: lookup
  57. Kaya N, Boyunapa H, Baris S, Kahraman H, Altintop L. Protective effects of sucralfate and omeprazole on gastric mucosal damage induced by ethanol in rats.. Wien Klin Wochenschr 1998 Feb 13;110(3):96-100.
    pubmed: 9553204
  58. Shorrock CJ, Rees WD. Effect of sucralfate on human gastric bicarbonate secretion and local prostaglandin E2 metabolism.. Am J Med 1989 Jun 9;86(6A):2-4.
    pubmed: 2735332doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(89)90148-4google scholar: lookup
  59. Hepburn R, Proudman C. Treatment of ulceration of the gastric glandular mucosa: retrospective evaluation of omeprazole and sucralfate combination therapy in 204 sport and leisure horses. Paper presented at: Proc 11th International Equine Colic Research Symposium, Dublin, Ireland; 2014.
  60. Collins LG, Tyler DE. Experimentally induced phenylbutazone toxicosis in ponies: description of the syndrome and its prevention with synthetic prostaglandin E2.. Am J Vet Res 1985 Aug;46(8):1605-15.
    pubmed: 3862357
  61. Martin EM, Messenger KM, Sheats MK, Jones SL. Misoprostol Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Production by Equine Leukocytes.. Front Vet Sci 2017;4:160.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2017.00127pmc: PMC5624997pubmed: 29034249google scholar: lookup
  62. Martin EM, Till RL, Sheats MK, Jones SL. Misoprostol Inhibits Equine Neutrophil Adhesion, Migration, and Respiratory Burst in an In Vitro Model of Inflammation.. Front Vet Sci 2017;4:159.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2017.00127pmc: PMC5626936pubmed: 29034248google scholar: lookup
  63. Varley G, Bowen IM, Habershon-Butcher JL, Nicholls V, Hallowell GD. Misoprostol is superior to combined omeprazole-sucralfate for the treatment of equine gastric glandular disease.. Equine Vet J 2019 Sep;51(5):575-580.
    doi: 10.1111/evj.13087pubmed: 30809869google scholar: lookup
  64. Sykes BW, Sykes KM, Hallowell GD. Administration of trimethoprim-sulphadimidine does not improve healing of glandular gastric ulceration in horses receiving omeprazole: a randomised, blinded, clinical study.. BMC Vet Res 2014 Aug 23;10:180.
    doi: 10.1186/1746-6148-10-1pmc: PMC4445647pubmed: 25927827google scholar: lookup
  65. Huff NK, Auer AD, Garza F Jr, Keowen ML, Kearney MT, McMullin RB, Andrews FM. Effect of sea buckthorn berries and pulp in a liquid emulsion on gastric ulcer scores and gastric juice pH in horses.. J Vet Intern Med 2012 Sep-Oct;26(5):1186-91.
    doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00975.xpubmed: 22845737google scholar: lookup

Citations

This article has been cited 20 times.
  1. Julliand S, Buttet M, Hermange T, Hillon P, Julliand V. Effect of diet composition on glandular gastric disease in horses. J Vet Intern Med 2023 Jul-Aug;37(4):1528-1536.
    doi: 10.1111/jvim.16747pubmed: 37264707google scholar: lookup
  2. Muñoz-Prieto A, Contreras-Aguilar MD, Cerón JJ, Ayala de la Peña I, Martín-Cuervo M, Eckersall PD, Holm Henriksen IM, Tecles F, Hansen S. Changes in Calprotectin (S100A8-A9) and Aldolase in the Saliva of Horses with Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome. Animals (Basel) 2023 Apr 16;13(8).
    doi: 10.3390/ani13081367pubmed: 37106929google scholar: lookup
  3. Vokes J, Lovett A, Sykes B. Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome: An Update on Current Knowledge. Animals (Basel) 2023 Apr 5;13(7).
    doi: 10.3390/ani13071261pubmed: 37048517google scholar: lookup
  4. Taguchi T, Morales Yniguez FJ, Takawira C, Andrews FM, Lopez MJ. Agmatine Administration Effects on Equine Gastric Ulceration and Lameness. J Clin Med 2022 Dec 8;11(24).
    doi: 10.3390/jcm11247283pubmed: 36555900google scholar: lookup
  5. Lo Feudo CM, Stucchi L, Conturba B, Stancari G, Zucca E, Ferrucci F. Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome affects fitness parameters in poorly performing Standardbred racehorses. Front Vet Sci 2022;9:1014619.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1014619pubmed: 36504861google scholar: lookup
  6. Muñoz-Prieto A, Contreras-Aguilar MD, Cerón JJ, Ayala I, Martin-Cuervo M, Gonzalez-Sanchez JC, Jacobsen S, Kuleš J, Beletić A, Rubić I, Mrljak V, Tecles F, Hansen S. Changes in Proteins in Saliva and Serum in Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome Using a Proteomic Approach. Animals (Basel) 2022 May 2;12(9).
    doi: 10.3390/ani12091169pubmed: 35565595google scholar: lookup
  7. Pratt S, Bowen I, Hallowell G, Shipman E, Redpath A. Assessment of agreement using the equine glandular gastric disease grading system in 84 cases. Vet Med Sci 2022 Jul;8(4):1472-1477.
    doi: 10.1002/vms3.807pubmed: 35412651google scholar: lookup
  8. Contreras-Aguilar MD, Rubio CP, González-Arostegui LG, Martín-Cuervo M, Cerón JJ, Ayala I, Henriksen IH, Jacobsen S, Hansen S. Changes in Oxidative Status Biomarkers in Saliva and Serum in the Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome and Colic of Intestinal Aetiology: A Pilot Study. Animals (Basel) 2022 Mar 7;12(5).
    doi: 10.3390/ani12050667pubmed: 35268236google scholar: lookup
  9. Hwang H, Dong HJ, Han J, Cho S, Kim Y, Lee I. Prevalence and treatment of gastric ulcers in Thoroughbred racehorses of Korea. J Vet Sci 2022 Mar;23(2):e19.
    doi: 10.4142/jvs.21247pubmed: 35187877google scholar: lookup
  10. Whitfield-Cargile CM, Coleman MC, Cohen ND, Chamoun-Emanuelli AM, DeSolis CN, Tetrault T, Sowinski R, Bradbery A, Much M. Effects of phenylbutazone alone or in combination with a nutritional therapeutic on gastric ulcers, intestinal permeability, and fecal microbiota in horses. J Vet Intern Med 2021 Mar;35(2):1121-1130.
    doi: 10.1111/jvim.16093pubmed: 33656183google scholar: lookup
  11. Zhou K, Dong Z, Zhou X, Zhai B, Li B, Zhang J, Cheng F. The Prevalence of Gastric Ulcer Syndrome in 395 Horses in Jiangyin City, China, Jiangsu Province. Animals (Basel) 2024 Dec 17;14(24).
    doi: 10.3390/ani14243636pubmed: 39765539google scholar: lookup
  12. Muñoz-Prieto A, Rubić I, Rešetar Maslov D, González-Sánchez JC, Mrljak V, Cerón JJ, Hansen S. Towards the Identification of New Biomarkers in Saliva and Serum for Treatment Monitoring of Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome: A Liquid Proteomic Approach. Animals (Basel) 2024 Oct 28;14(21).
    doi: 10.3390/ani14213105pubmed: 39518828google scholar: lookup
  13. Rezazadeh F, Pourebrahimi N, Ghotaslou R, Nasab MG, Memar MY. Frequency of endoscopic findings of equine squamous gastric disease (ESGD) in rural horses and its association with Helicobacter pylori virulence genes. Vet Med (Praha) 2022 Feb;67(2):61-69.
    doi: 10.17221/154/2020-VETMEDpubmed: 39171212google scholar: lookup
  14. Busechian S, Bindi F, Orvieto S, Zappulla F, Marchesi MC, Nisi I, Rueca F. Prevalence and Risk Factors for the Presence of Gastric Ulcers in Pleasure and Breeding Horses in Italy. Animals (Basel) 2024 Jun 17;14(12).
    doi: 10.3390/ani14121806pubmed: 38929425google scholar: lookup
  15. Muñoz-Prieto A, Cerón JJ, Tecles F, Cuervo MM, Contreras-Aguilar MD, Ayala I, Oudada-Guillén A, Pardo-Marín L, Hansen S. Measurement of Trace Elements (Zinc, Copper, Magnesium, and Iron) in the Saliva of Horses: Validation Data and Changes in Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome (EGUS). Animals (Basel) 2024 Jun 7;14(12).
    doi: 10.3390/ani14121724pubmed: 38929343google scholar: lookup
  16. Busechian S, Bindi F, Pieramati C, Orvieto S, Pisello L, Cozzi S, Ortolani F, Rueca F. Is There a Difference in the Prevalence of Gastric Ulcers between Stallions Used for Breeding and Those Not Used for Breeding?. Animals (Basel) 2024 May 22;14(11).
    doi: 10.3390/ani14111531pubmed: 38891578google scholar: lookup
  17. Tesena P, Vinijkumthorn R, Preuksathaporn T, Piyakul P, Chotikaprakal T, Sirireugwipas R, Wong-Aree K, Prapaiwan N. Evaluation of gastrointestinal tract lesions and serum malondialdehyde levels after repeated oral administration of phenylbutazone in horses. Vet Res Commun 2024 Aug;48(4):2343-2355.
    doi: 10.1007/s11259-024-10415-ypubmed: 38771448google scholar: lookup
  18. Busechian S, Orvieto S, Nocera I, Rueca F. Presence of Gastric Ulcers in Horses Used for Historical Races in Italy. Animals (Basel) 2024 Apr 22;14(8).
    doi: 10.3390/ani14081247pubmed: 38672395google scholar: lookup
  19. Luthersson N, Þorgrímsdóttir ÚÝ, Harris PA, Parkin T, Hopster-Iversen C, Bennet ED. Risk Factors for Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome Incidence in Adult Icelandic Riding Horses. Animals (Basel) 2023 Nov 14;13(22).
    doi: 10.3390/ani13223512pubmed: 38003130google scholar: lookup
  20. Brown B, Cardwell JM, Verheyen KLP, Campbell MLH. Testing and Refining the Ethical Framework for the Use of Horses in Sport. Animals (Basel) 2023 May 31;13(11).
    doi: 10.3390/ani13111821pubmed: 37889722google scholar: lookup
Subscribe to our newsletter
Join 99,344 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.