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Home / Equine Research Bank / Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract / Equine influenza virus.
The Veterinary clinics of North America. Equine practice2014; 30(3); 507-522; doi: 10.1016/j.cveq.2014.08.003

Equine influenza virus.

Abstract: For decades the horse has been viewed as an isolated or "dead-end" host for influenza A viruses, with equine influenza virus being considered as relatively stable genetically. Although equine influenza viruses are genetically more stable than those of human lineage, they are by no means in evolutionary stasis. Moreover, recent transmission of equine-lineage influenza viruses to dogs also challenges the horse's status as a dead-end host. This article reviews recent developments in the epidemiology and evolution of equine influenza virus. In addition, the clinical presentation of equine influenza infection, diagnostic techniques, and vaccine recommendations are briefly summarized.
Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Publication Date: 2014-10-03 PubMed ID: 25282321DOI: 10.1016/j.cveq.2014.08.003Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article delves into the evolution and epidemiology of the Equine Influenza virus, disputing the long-held belief that horses are isolated hosts. Besides, it discusses the virus’s transmission to dogs, its clinical symptoms, diagnosis methods, and vaccine advice.

Equine Influenza Virus Evolution and Epidemiology

  • This article challenges decades of understanding, which considered horses as an isolated or ‘dead-end’ host for influenza A viruses. The idea that Equine Influenza virus is stable genetically is being questioned.
  • Even though equine influenza viruses are indeed genetically more stable than those of the human lineage, they are not in an evolutionary standstill. There is evidence of the virus’s evolutionary progress within the horse population.
  • Recent observations have shown that equine-lineage influenza viruses have also been transmitted to dogs. This transmission challenges the notion of horses as a dead-end host further.
  • These research findings renew and stimulate interest in understanding the epidemiology and evolution of the Equine Influenza virus.

Clinical Presentation of Equine Influenza Infection

  • The article briefly summarizes the clinical presentation of equine influenza infection or how the disease manifests in horses. This summary includes symptoms and signs of disease noticeable in infected animals.
  • More research into this area is of interest to readers, especially veterinarians and animal scientists, who wish to understand the disease’s impact better.

Diagnostic Techniques

  • The various techniques or methods for diagnosing equine influenza infection are also sketched out in this research.
  • Highlighting these diagnostic measures provides a guide for professionals dealing with horse populations and suspected illness cases.

Vaccine Recommendations

  • The article gives a summary of current recommendations for equine influenza vaccination.
  • The information is beneficial for equine industry stakeholders like horse breeders, owners and veterinarians interested in safeguarding horse health and preventing disease transmission within equine communities.

Cite This Article

APA
Landolt GA. (2014). Equine influenza virus. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract, 30(3), 507-522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cveq.2014.08.003

Publication

The Veterinary clinics of North America. Equine practice
ISSN: 1558-4224
NlmUniqueID: 8511904
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 30
Issue: 3
Pages: 507-522
PII: S0749-0739(14)00061-3

Researcher Affiliations

Landolt, Gabriele A
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, 300 West Drake Road, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA. Electronic address: Landoltg@colostate.edu.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Dog Diseases / virology
  • Dogs
  • Horse Diseases / prevention & control
  • Horse Diseases / virology
  • Horses
  • Influenza A virus / genetics
  • Influenza A virus / immunology
  • Influenza A virus / isolation & purification
  • Influenza Vaccines / administration & dosage
  • Influenza Vaccines / immunology
  • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / prevention & control
  • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / veterinary
  • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / virology

Citations

This article has been cited 18 times.
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