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Stem cells international2018; 2018; 5340756; doi: 10.1155/2018/5340756

Evaluation of Oxidative Stress and Mitophagy during Adipogenic Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Isolated from Equine Metabolic Syndrome (EMS) Horses.

Abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are frequently used in both human and veterinary medicine because their unique properties, such as modulating the immune response and differentiating into multiple lineages, make them a valuable tool in cell-based therapies. However, many studies have indicated the age-, lifestyle-, and disease-related deterioration of MSC regenerative characteristics. However, it still needs to be elucidated how the patient's health status affects the effectiveness of MSC differentiation. In the present study, we isolated mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue (adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs)) from horses diagnosed with equine metabolic syndrome (EMS), a common metabolic disorder characterized by pathological obesity and insulin resistance. We investigated the metabolic status of isolated cells during adipogenic differentiation using multiple research methods, such as flow cytometry, PCR, immunofluorescence, or transmission and confocal microscopy. The results indicated the impaired differentiation potential of ASC Excessive ROS accumulation and ER stress are most likely the major factors limiting the multipotency of these cells. However, we observed autophagic flux during differentiation as a protective mechanism that allows cells to maintain homeostasis and remove dysfunctional mitochondria.
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Publication Date: 2018-06-06 PubMed ID: 29977307PubMed Central: PMC6011082DOI: 10.1155/2018/5340756Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article details the study of mesenchymal stem cells harvested from horses suffering from a common metabolic disorder known as equine metabolic syndrome. The study investigates how the disease affects the cell’s differentiation process and its capacity to manage oxidative stress and dysfunctional mitochondria.

Understanding Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Equine Metabolic Syndrome

  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have significant medical importance due to their unique abilities to modulate immune responses and differentiate into different types of cells. They are widely used in both human and veterinary medicine for cell-based therapies.
  • Equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) is a prevalent metabolic disorder in horses, with markers like pathological obesity and insulin resistance.
  • The study uses adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) extracted from horses diagnosed with EMS. Adipose tissue (fat tissue) is a rich source of MSCs, hence the choice of this specific source.

Investigation and Research Methods

  • Methods such as flow cytometry, PCR, immunofluorescence, and various types of microscopy were employed to evaluate the metabolic status of the stem cells during the differentiation process.
  • There is an implicit focus on the effect of the disease on the differentiation potential of the cells, particularly the role of oxidative stress and cellular housekeeping (mitophagy).

Findings of the Study

  • The study observed that the ASCs extracted from EMS horses had an impaired differentiation potential. This deterioration in the regenerative characteristics of MSCs is often linked to variables like age, lifestyle, and disease.
  • Over-accumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress were identified as significant factors that restrict the multipotency of these cells. ROS is a common marker of oxidative stress, and its over-accumulation usually leads to damage in cell structure and function.
  • Importantly, the study also observed an operational autophagic flux during the differentiation process, which seems to serve as a protective mechanism. Autophagic flux refers to the entire process of autophagy, where cells destroy their own components (like damaged mitochondria) to maintain balance (homeostasis). In this particular context, it allows the cells to manage the overflow of ROS and remove dysfunctional mitochondria, thus helping to maintain their health despite the disorder.

Cite This Article

APA
Marycz K, Weiss C, Śmieszek A, Kornicka K. (2018). Evaluation of Oxidative Stress and Mitophagy during Adipogenic Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Isolated from Equine Metabolic Syndrome (EMS) Horses. Stem Cells Int, 2018, 5340756. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/5340756

Publication

Stem cells international
ISSN: 1687-966X
NlmUniqueID: 101535822
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 2018
Pages: 5340756
PII: 5340756

Researcher Affiliations

Marycz, Krzysztof
  • Department of Experimental, The Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland.
  • Wroclaw Research Centre EIT+, Stablowicka 147, 54-066 Wroclaw, Poland.
Weiss, Christine
  • PferdePraxis Dr. Med. Vet. Daniel Weiss, Postmatte 14, CH-8807 Freienbach, Switzerland.
Śmieszek, Agnieszka
  • Department of Experimental, The Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland.
Kornicka, Katarzyna
  • Department of Experimental, The Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland.

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Citations

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