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Home / Equine Research Bank / J Vet Intern Med / Exercise-induced airflow changes in horses with asthma measu...
Journal of veterinary internal medicine2021; 35(5); 2500-2510; doi: 10.1111/jvim.16260

Exercise-induced airflow changes in horses with asthma measured by electrical impedance tomography.

Abstract: Equine asthma (EA) causes airflow impairment, which increases in severity with exercise. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is an imaging technique that can detect airflow changes in standing healthy horses during a histamine provocation test. Objective: To explore EIT-calculated flow variables before and after exercise in healthy horses and horses with mild-to-moderate (MEA) and severe equine asthma (SEA). Methods: Nine healthy horses 9 horses diagnosed with MEA and 5 with SEA were prospectively included. Methods: Recordings were performed before and after 15 minutes of lunging. Absolute values from global and regional peak inspiratory (PIF, positive value) and expiratory (PEF, negative value) flows were calculated. Data were analyzed using a mixed model analysis followed by Bonferroni's multiple comparisons test to evaluate the impact of exercise and diagnosis on flow indices. Results: Control horses after exercise had significantly lower global PEF and PIF compared to horses with SEA (mean difference [95% confidence interval, CI]: 0.0859 arbitrary units [AU; 0.0339-0.1379], P < .001 and 0.0726 AU [0.0264-0.1188], P = .001, respectively) and horses with MEA (0.0561 AU [0.0129-0.0994], P = .007 and 0.0587 AU [0.0202-0.0973], P = .002, respectively). No other significant differences were detected. Conclusions: Electrical impedance tomography derived PIF and PEF differed significantly between healthy horses and horses with SEA or MEA after exercise, but not before exercise. Differences between MEA and SEA were not observed, but the study population was small.
© 2021 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
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Publication Date: 2021-09-10 PubMed ID: 34505734PubMed Central: PMC8478024DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16260Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research paper investigates how exercising affects the airflow in horses with different degrees of Equine Asthma (EA), using electrical impedance tomography (EIT). The findings reveal different patterns in peak inspiratory and expiratory flows after exercising in healthy horses and horses with EA.

Research Objectives and Methods

  • The primary goal of the study was to use Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) to calculate flow variables in horses before and after exercise, specifically targeting healthy horses and those with mild-to-moderate equine asthma (MEA) and severe equine asthma (SEA).
  • Equine asthma (EA) is a condition known to impair airflow in horses, with severity increasing upon exertion. EIT allows detection of these changes in airflow.
  • The study included 9 healthy horses, 9 with MEA and 5 with SEA, and took recordings before and after 15 minutes of lunging.
  • By calculating absolute values from global and regional peak inspiratory (positive value – PIF) and expiratory (negative value – PEF) flows, they could analyze the data using a mixed model analysis and Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test to evaluate how exercise and diagnosis impacted these flow indices.

Findings

  • The results showed that global PEF and PIF were significantly lower in healthy horses after exercise compared to those with SEA or MEA.
  • There were no other significant differences detected between the various categories of horses. Before exercise, there were no notable differences in PIF and PEF when comparing healthy horses with those suffering from SEA or MEA.
  • Variables between horses suffering from MEA and SEA did not register significant differences, though the sample size was small and therefore caution is advised in the extrapolation of these results.

Conclusion

  • The research successfully demonstrates the application of electrical impedance tomography to discern the measurable differences in inspiratory (PIF) and expiratory (PEF) flows amongst healthy horses and horses diagnosed with asthma, specifically in an exercised state.
  • This provides potential for further study in utilizing this imaging technique to understand and manage respiratory issues in equines.

Cite This Article

APA
Herteman N, Mosing M, Waldmann AD, Gerber V, Schoster A. (2021). Exercise-induced airflow changes in horses with asthma measured by electrical impedance tomography. J Vet Intern Med, 35(5), 2500-2510. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16260

Publication

Journal of veterinary internal medicine
ISSN: 1939-1676
NlmUniqueID: 8708660
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 35
Issue: 5
Pages: 2500-2510

Researcher Affiliations

Herteman, Nicolas
  • Clinic for Equine Internal Medicine, Equine Hospital, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
Mosing, Martina
  • School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia.
Waldmann, Andreas D
  • Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.
Gerber, Vinzenz
  • Equine Clinic, Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, University of Bern and Agroscope, Berne, Switzerland.
Schoster, Angelika
  • Clinic for Equine Internal Medicine, Equine Hospital, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Switzerland.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Asthma / veterinary
  • Electric Impedance
  • Horse Diseases / diagnostic imaging
  • Horses
  • Lung
  • Respiration
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Grant Funding

  • Stiftung Symphasis
  • Fond Karin Grote

Conflict of Interest Statement

Authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 2 times.
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