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Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association2008; 232(2); 249-256; doi: 10.2460/javma.232.2.249

Factors associated with vesicular stomatitis in animals in the western United States.

Abstract: To identify factors associated with development of vesicular stomatitis (VS). Methods: Case-control study. Methods: 138 livestock premises and 118 horses suspected of having VS in Texas, New Mexico, and Colorado. Methods: Premises with >or= 1 animal with clinical signs and laboratory confirmation of infection were classified as case premises. Premises where laboratory confirmation results were negative were control premises. Among equine premises, case and control horses were selected on the basis of premises status. A survey was conducted to identify factors associated with VS for premises and specific horses. Results: Control of insect populations in the 2 weeks before the VS investigation decreased the odds of disease for premises where vegetation coverage was grassland or pasture (odds ratio [OR], 0.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.01 to 0.7). Odds of VS for premises covered with grassland or pasture increased when measures to control insect populations were not used (OR, 11; 95% CI, 0.8 to 156.3) and for premises that had a body of water (OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.0 to 5.6). Use of measures to prevent insect bites or harassment by insects (OR, 0.2; 95% CI, 0.1 to 0.8) and spending time in shelters (OR, 0.4; 95% CI, 0.2 to 1.1) in the 2 weeks prior to investigation decreased the odds of being a case horse. Conclusions: Insect control and spending time in shelters decreased the odds for infection with VS. Premises covered with grassland or pasture or that had a body of water were at a higher risk.
Publication Date: 2008-02-16 PubMed ID: 18275393DOI: 10.2460/javma.232.2.249Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • U.S. Gov't
  • Non-P.H.S.

Summary

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The study aimed to identify the factors associated with the development of vesicular stomatitis (VS), a viral disease, in livestock in Texas, New Mexico, and Colorado. The researchers found that controlling insect populations and having animals spend time in shelters reduced the chance of VS infection. On the other hand, premises covered with grassland or pasture or those with bodies of water were found to be at greater risk of the disease.

Study Methodology

  • The research was conducted as a case-control study involving 138 livestock premises and 118 horses suspected of having VS.
  • The case premises were those with at least one animal displaying clinical signs of VS and laboratory confirmation of infection. Premises where laboratory confirmation results for VS were negative served as the control group.
  • In premises involving horses, the selection of case and control horses was based on the premises’ status.
  • A survey was conducted to identify factors associated with the occurrence of VS in both the premises and specific horses.

Key Results

  • The control of insect populations in the two weeks prior to the examination of VS decreased the odds of disease occurrence for premises where the vegetation coverage was grassland or pasture.
  • On the reverse, the odds of VS increased in premises covered with grassland or pasture where measures to control insect populations were not used and for premises that had a body of water.
  • For horses, the use of measures preventing insect bites or harassment and spending time in shelters in the two weeks prior to the examination reduced the odds of being a VS case.

Main Conclusions

  • The study concluded that insect control measures and having animals spend time in shelters can reduce the possibility of VS infection.
  • Premises covered with grassland or pasture or those that contained a body of water were identified as higher risk areas for the disease.

Cite This Article

APA
Duarte PC, Morley PS, Traub-Dargatz JL, Creekmore LH. (2008). Factors associated with vesicular stomatitis in animals in the western United States. J Am Vet Med Assoc, 232(2), 249-256. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.232.2.249

Publication

ISSN: 0003-1488
NlmUniqueID: 7503067
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 232
Issue: 2
Pages: 249-256

Researcher Affiliations

Duarte, Paulo C
  • Animal Population Health Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
Morley, Paul S
    Traub-Dargatz, Josie L
      Creekmore, Lynn H

        MeSH Terms

        • Animals
        • Case-Control Studies
        • Colorado / epidemiology
        • Complement Fixation Tests / methods
        • Complement Fixation Tests / veterinary
        • Confidence Intervals
        • Horse Diseases / epidemiology
        • Horse Diseases / etiology
        • Horses
        • Insect Control
        • Insecta
        • Neutralization Tests / methods
        • Neutralization Tests / veterinary
        • New Mexico / epidemiology
        • Odds Ratio
        • Poaceae
        • Prevalence
        • Risk Factors
        • Texas / epidemiology
        • Vesicular Stomatitis / epidemiology
        • Vesicular Stomatitis / etiology
        • Water

        Citations

        This article has been cited 2 times.
        1. Humphreys JM, Pelzel-McCluskey AM, Shults PT, Velazquez-Salinas L, Bertram MR, McGregor BL, Cohnstaedt LW, Swanson DA, Scroggs SLP, Fautt C, Mooney A, Peters DPC, Rodriguez LL. Modeling the 2014-2015 Vesicular Stomatitis Outbreak in the United States Using an SEIR-SEI Approach. Viruses 2024 Aug 18;16(8).
          doi: 10.3390/v16081315pubmed: 39205289google scholar: lookup
        2. Pelzel-McCluskey A, Christensen B, Humphreys J, Bertram M, Keener R, Ewing R, Cohnstaedt LW, Tell R, Peters DPC, Rodriguez L. Review of Vesicular Stomatitis in the United States with Focus on 2019 and 2020 Outbreaks. Pathogens 2021 Aug 6;10(8).
          doi: 10.3390/pathogens10080993pubmed: 34451457google scholar: lookup