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Veterinary sciences2021; 8(11); doi: 10.3390/vetsci8110268

First Detection and Genetic Characterization of New Equine Parvovirus Species Circulating among Horses in Korea.

Abstract: Equine parvovirus-cerebrospinal fluid (EqPV-CSF) and eqcopivirus (EqCoPV) are new parvovirus species (EqPVs) identified from various tissues (CSF, blood, and respiratory swabs) in horses with neurologic and respiratory diseases. In this study, we described the prevalence rate of EqPV-CSF and EqCoPV in 133 and 77 serum and fecal samples, respectively, using polymerase chain reaction. Further, we analyzed the potential risk factors for infection. We calculated the nucleotide and amino acid similarity and constructed phylogenetic trees. There was a moderate-to-high prevalence rate (EqPV-CSF: 3.8%; EqCoPV 9.8%) of each virus in serum; moreover, age, country of foaling, and clinical colic signs were significantly associated with the EqPVs infection. The newly identified EqPV-CSF/EqCoPV genomes had high nucleotide and amino acid identities with previously isolated strains in the USA. In phylogenetic analysis, they clustered and formed a new subgroup in the genus Copiparvovirus. To our knowledge, this is the first field epidemiologic study on EqPV-CSF and EqCoPV using both serum and fecal samples. Our findings demonstrate the risk factors for infection and could facilitate the development of disease prevention strategies.
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Publication Date: 2021-11-07 PubMed ID: 34822641PubMed Central: PMC8621016DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8110268Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study investigates the prevalence of two new species of equine parvovirus in horses in Korea and their genetic characteristics. With a significant number of serum and fecal samples tested, the research also identifies certain risk factors for infection by these viruses, which could inform future prevention strategies.

Research on New Equine Parvovirus Species

  • The research primarily focuses on two new parvovirus species identified in horses, namely Equine parvovirus-cerebrospinal fluid (EqPV-CSF) and eqcopivirus (EqCoPV). These viruses are found in tissues (CSF, blood, and respiratory swabs) and cause neurologic and respiratory diseases in horses.
  • The study presents an extensive field epidemiologic analysis by testing 133 serum and 77 fecal samples for the presence of these viruses using a technique called polymerase chain reaction.

Prevalence and Risk Factors

  • The findings show a moderate-to-high prevalence rate of the viruses (EqPV-CSF: 3.8%; EqCoPV 9.8%) in the horse population sampled for the study.
  • Additionally, the study identifies certain key risk factors that are significantly associated with the infection of these viruses. Three such factors are identified: the age of the horses, the country where they were born (foaling), and clinical colic signs.

Genetic Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis

  • Focusing on genetic characterization, the study uncovered high nucleotide and amino acid similarities in the identified EqPV-CSF/EqCoPV genomes, and their previously isolated counterparts in the USA.
  • The results of the phylogenetic analysis indicate that the identified viruses in the samples form a new subgroup in their genus, contributing further to the understanding of the genetic evolution and diversity of these viruses.

Implication of the Study

  • This is reportedly the first field epidemiologic study of its kind on EqPV-CSF and EqCoPV using both serum and fecal samples. Its findings expand the general understanding of these new equine parvovirus species and their prevalence in the horse population.
  • By highlighting the risk factors for infection, the study lays the groundwork for developing future disease prevention strategies. It also emphasizes the need for further research into these emerging viruses and their potential impact on equine health.

Cite This Article

APA
Yoon J, Park T, Kim A, Song H, Park BJ, Ahn HS, Go HJ, Kim DH, Lee JB, Park SY, Song CS, Lee SW, Choi IS. (2021). First Detection and Genetic Characterization of New Equine Parvovirus Species Circulating among Horses in Korea. Vet Sci, 8(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci8110268

Publication

Veterinary sciences
ISSN: 2306-7381
NlmUniqueID: 101680127
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 8
Issue: 11

Researcher Affiliations

Yoon, Jungho
  • Equine Clinic, Jeju Stud Farm, Korea Racing Authority, Jeju 63346, Korea.
  • Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
Park, Taemook
  • Equine Clinic, Jeju Stud Farm, Korea Racing Authority, Jeju 63346, Korea.
Kim, Ahram
  • Equine Clinic, Jeju Stud Farm, Korea Racing Authority, Jeju 63346, Korea.
Song, Heeeun
  • Equine Clinic, Jeju Stud Farm, Korea Racing Authority, Jeju 63346, Korea.
Park, Byung-Joo
  • Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
Ahn, Hee-Seop
  • Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
Go, Hyeon-Jeong
  • Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
Kim, Dong-Hwi
  • Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
Lee, Joong-Bok
  • Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
Park, Seung-Yong
  • Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
Song, Chang-Seon
  • Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
Lee, Sang-Won
  • Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
Choi, In-Soo
  • Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.

Grant Funding

  • 320005042SB0a0 / Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry (IPET)

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 4 times.
  1. Blomström AL, Källse A, Riihimäki M. Detection and genetic characterization of equine viruses in Sweden using viral metagenomics. BMC Vet Res 2025 Feb 27;21(1):119.
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  2. Jager MC, Choi E, Tomlinson JE, Van de Walle G. Naturally acquired equine parvovirus-hepatitis is associated with a wide range of hepatic lesions in horses. Vet Pathol 2024 May;61(3):442-452.
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  4. Jager MC, Tomlinson JE, Henry CE, Fahey MJ, Van de Walle GR. Prevalence and pathology of equine parvovirus-hepatitis in racehorses from New York racetracks. Virol J 2022 Nov 1;19(1):175.
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