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Gastric neoplasia in horses.
Abstract: Gastric neoplasia of horses is incompletely described. Objective: Provide history, clinical signs, and clinicopathological and pathological findings associated with gastric neoplasia in horses. Methods: Twenty-four horses with gastric neoplasia. Methods: Retrospective study. History, clinical signs, and clinicopathological and pathologic findings in horses diagnosed histologically with gastric neoplasia were reviewed. Results: Horses ranged in age from 9 to 25 years (median 18 years at presentation). There was no apparent breed or sex predisposition. The most common presenting complaints were inappetance (17/24), weight loss (14/24), lethargy (7/24), hypersalivation (7/24), colic (5/24), and fever (5/24). The most consistent clinical signs were tachypnea (10/19), decreased borborygmi (8/19), and low body weight (7/17). Useful diagnostic tests included rectal examination, routine blood analysis, gastroscopy, abdominocentesis, and transabdominal ultrasound examination. Anemia was the most common hematologic abnormality encountered (7/19), and hypercalcemia of malignancy was seen in 4/16 horses. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common tumor identified (19/24), and was most often (14/19) found as a single ulcerated, necrotic mass in the nonglandular portion of the stomach. Other gastric neoplasms encountered were leiomyoma (n=2), mesothelioma (n=1), adenocarcinoma (n=1), and lymphoma (n=1). Metastatic neoplasia was found in 18/23 horses. The median time from onset of clinical signs to death was 4 weeks, and all horses died or were euthanized because of gastric neoplasia. Conclusions: Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common primary gastric neoplasia in horses. The survival time after diagnosis of gastric neoplasia in horses is short.
Publication Date: 2009-07-28 PubMed ID: 19656283DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2009.0356.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
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This research is a retrospective study about gastric neoplasia in horses, revealing its symptoms, diagnosis methods and prevalent types. Squamous cell carcinoma is found to be the most common type, and the survival time post-diagnosis is indicated as short.
Research Objective and Methodology
- The main objective of this study was to present detailed information about gastric neoplasia in horses, including its history, clinical signs, and clinicopathological and pathological findings.
- 24 horses diagnosed with gastric neoplasia via histology were included in this retrospective study for review.
Key Findings
- The age of the horses in the study ranged from 9 to 25 years, with a median age of 18 at presentation. There was no discernible preference regarding breed or sex.
- The most common symptoms of gastric neoplasia in these horses included inappetance, weight loss, lethargy, hypersalivation, colic, and fever.
- Consistent clinical signs among the horses with gastric neoplasia were tachypnea, decreased borborygmi, and low body weight.
Diagnostic Tests & Hematologic Abnormalities
- The study listed useful diagnostic tests for gastric neoplasia in horses, including rectal examination, routine blood analysis, gastroscopy, abdominocentesis, and transabdominal ultrasound examination.
- Anemia was found to be the most common hematologic abnormality among horses (7/19) with gastric neoplasia.
- Hypercalcemia of malignancy was observed in 4 out of 16 horses.
Types of Gastric Neoplasia Found
- Squamous cell carcinoma was observed as the most recurrent tumor (19/24) and typically presented as a single, necrotic ulcerated mass in the horse’s stomach’s nonglandular part.
- Other types of gastric neoplasia included leiomyoma, mesothelioma, adenocarcinoma, and lymphoma.
- Metastatic neoplasia was noticed in the majority of horses (18/23).
Survival and Mortality
- The median duration from the onset of clinical signs to death was 4 weeks, indicating a very short survival time.
- All horses in the study unfortunately died or were euthanized due to gastric neoplasia.
Conclusion
- The research concluded that squamous cell carcinoma is the most common form of primary gastric neoplasia in horses.
- These findings suggest the importance of early identification and intervention to improve the survival rate and quality of life for horses affected with gastric neoplasia.
Cite This Article
APA
Taylor SD, Haldorson GJ, Vaughan B, Pusterla N.
(2009).
Gastric neoplasia in horses.
J Vet Intern Med, 23(5), 1097-1102.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2009.0356.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA. staylor@vetmed.wsu.edu
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / veterinary
- Cohort Studies
- Female
- Horse Diseases / pathology
- Horses
- Male
- Retrospective Studies
- Stomach Neoplasms / pathology
- Stomach Neoplasms / veterinary
Citations
This article has been cited 9 times.- De Paolis L, De Ciucis CG, Peletto S, Cappelli K, Mecocci S, Nervo T, Guardone L, Crescio MI, Pietrucci D, Fruscione F, Gabbianelli F, Turco S, Varello K, Donato GG, Maurella C, Modesto P, Maniaci MG, Chillemi G, Ghelardi A, Razzuoli E. Equus caballus Papillomavirus Type-9 (EcPV9): First Detection in Asymptomatic Italian Horses.. Viruses 2022 Sep 15;14(9).
- Wagener MG, Beythien G, Sterneberg M, Polifka A, Grou00dfmann T, Baumgu00e4rtner W, Ganter M. Case Report: Severe Anemia Associated With an Abomasal Fibrosarcoma in a Goat.. Front Vet Sci 2022;9:869017.
- Brinker EJ, Ceriotti S, Naskou MC, Spangler EA, Groover ES, Neto RLALT. Cancer of unknown primary in a mare: case report and comparative pathology review.. J Vet Diagn Invest 2021 Nov;33(6):1142-1146.
- Alloway E, Linder K, May S, Rose T, DeLay J, Bender S, Tucker A, Luff J. A Subset of Equine Gastric Squamous Cell Carcinomas Is Associated With Equus Caballus Papillomavirus-2 Infection.. Vet Pathol 2020 May;57(3):427-431.
- Kohart NA, Elshafae SM, Breitbach JT, Rosol TJ. Animal Models of Cancer-Associated Hypercalcemia.. Vet Sci 2017 Apr 13;4(2).
- Marley LK, Repenning P, Frank CB, Hackett ES, Nout-Lomas YS. Transendoscopic Electrosurgery for Partial Removal of a Gastric Adenomatous Polyp in a Horse.. J Vet Intern Med 2016 Jul;30(4):1351-5.
- Sharkey LC, Seelig DM, Overmann J. All lesions great and small, part 2. Diagnostic cytology in veterinary medicine.. Diagn Cytopathol 2014 Jun;42(6):544-52.
- Furness MC, Snyman HN, Abrahams M, Moore A, Vince A, Anderson ME. Severe gastric impaction secondary to a gastric polyp in a horse.. Can Vet J 2013 Oct;54(10):979-82.
- Perkins GA, den Bakker HC, Burton AJ, Erb HN, McDonough SP, McDonough PL, Parker J, Rosenthal RL, Wiedmann M, Dowd SE, Simpson KW. Equine stomachs harbor an abundant and diverse mucosal microbiota.. Appl Environ Microbiol 2012 Apr;78(8):2522-32.
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