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Frontiers in veterinary science2022; 9; 962898; doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.962898

Gene therapy approaches for equine osteoarthritis.

Abstract: With an intrinsically low ability for self-repair, articular cartilage injuries often progress to cartilage loss and joint degeneration resulting in osteoarthritis (OA). Osteoarthritis and the associated articular cartilage changes can be debilitating, resulting in lameness and functional disability both in human and equine patients. While articular cartilage damage plays a central role in the pathogenesis of OA, the contribution of other joint tissues to the pathogenesis of OA has increasingly been recognized thus prompting a whole organ approach for therapeutic strategies. Gene therapy methods have generated significant interest in OA therapy in recent years. These utilize viral or non-viral vectors to deliver therapeutic molecules directly into the joint space with the goal of reprogramming the cells' machinery to secrete high levels of the target protein at the site of injection. Several viral vector-based approaches have demonstrated successful gene transfer with persistent therapeutic levels of transgene expression in the equine joint. As an experimental model, horses represent the pathology of human OA more accurately compared to other animal models. The anatomical and biomechanical similarities between equine and human joints also allow for the use of similar imaging and diagnostic methods as used in humans. In addition, horses experience naturally occurring OA and undergo similar therapies as human patients and, therefore, are a clinically relevant patient population. Thus, further studies utilizing this equine model would not only help advance the field of human OA therapy but also benefit the clinical equine patients with naturally occurring joint disease. In this review, we discuss the advancements in gene therapeutic approaches for the treatment of OA with the horse as a relevant patient population as well as an effective and commonly utilized species as a translational model.
Copyright © 2022 Thampi, Samulski, Grieger, Phillips, McIlwraith and Goodrich.
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Publication Date: 2022-09-28 PubMed ID: 36246316PubMed Central: PMC9558289DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.962898Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article’s abstract looks at how gene therapy methods can potentially be used to treat osteoarthritis (OA), a degenerative condition affecting the joints, in horses and potentially in humans. The study highlights horses as a clinically relevant model for exploring these gene therapy approaches due to the similarities between equine and human joints, both anatomically and biomechanically.

Introduction to Osteoarthritis and the Need for New Therapies

  • Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic disease characterized by the degeneration of articular cartilage, leading to pain and disability. In both humans and horses, these cartilage injuries often progress to cartilage loss and joint degeneration.
  • Despite its prevalence, the self-repair ability of articular cartilage is intrinsically low. This makes treatments very difficult and highlights the need for innovative therapeutic methods.

Gene Therapy: A New Approach to Osteoarthritis Treatment

  • Recently, gene therapy methods have attracted attention as a potential treatment for OA. These techniques involve using viral or non-viral vectors to deliver therapeutic molecules into the joint space directly. This process aims to reprogram the cells’ machinery to secrete high levels of the target protein at the injection site.
  • Some viral vector-based approaches have showed successful gene transfer with persistent therapeutic levels of transgene expression in the equine joint. This success indicates that gene therapy could be a promising approach for OA treatment.

The Role of Horses in Osteoarthritis Research

  • Horses serve as an effective model for studying OA because they exhibit similar joint characteristics to humans, both anatomically and mechanically.
  • Like humans, horses experience naturally occurring OA and undergo similar therapies to human patients. This makes them a clinically relevant population for OA research.
  • Conducting further studies on horses could help advance the field of OA therapy. It could also improve treatment for equine patients with naturally occurring joint disease.

Summary of Article

  • The article reviews the advancements in gene therapeutic approaches for treating OA. It also discusses the role of horses both as a relevant patient population and as an effective species for a translational model.

Cite This Article

APA
Thampi P, Samulski RJ, Grieger JC, Phillips JN, McIlwraith CW, Goodrich LR. (2022). Gene therapy approaches for equine osteoarthritis. Front Vet Sci, 9, 962898. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.962898

Publication

Frontiers in veterinary science
ISSN: 2297-1769
NlmUniqueID: 101666658
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 9
Pages: 962898

Researcher Affiliations

Thampi, Parvathy
  • Orthopaedic Research Center, C. Wayne McIlwraith Translational Medicine Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.
Samulski, R Jude
  • Gene Therapy Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Grieger, Joshua C
  • Gene Therapy Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Phillips, Jennifer N
  • Orthopaedic Research Center, C. Wayne McIlwraith Translational Medicine Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.
McIlwraith, C Wayne
  • Orthopaedic Research Center, C. Wayne McIlwraith Translational Medicine Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.
Goodrich, Laurie R
  • Orthopaedic Research Center, C. Wayne McIlwraith Translational Medicine Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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