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Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2016; 5(4); 64; doi: 10.3390/pathogens5040064

How to Meet the Last OIE Expert Surveillance Panel Recommendations on Equine Influenza (EI) Vaccine Composition: A Review of the Process Required for the Recombinant Canarypox-Based EI Vaccine.

Abstract: Vaccination is highly effective to prevent, control, and limit the impact of equine influenza (EI), a major respiratory disease of horses. However, EI vaccines should contain relevant equine influenza virus (EIV) strains for optimal protection. The OIE expert surveillance panel annually reviews EIV evolution and, since 2010, the use of Florida clade 1 and 2 sub-lineages representative vaccine strains is recommended. This report summarises the development process of a fully- updated recombinant canarypox-based EI vaccine in order to meet the last OIE recommendations, including the vaccine mode of action, production steps and schedule. The EI vaccine ProteqFlu contains 2 recombinant canarypox viruses expressing the haemagglutinin of the A/equine/Ohio/03 and A/equine/Richmond/1/07 isolates (Florida clade 1 and 2 sub-lineages, respectively). The updated EI vaccine was tested for efficacy against the representative Florida clade 2 EIV strain A/equine/Richmond/1/07 in the Welsh mountain pony model. Protective antibody response, clinical signs of disease and virus shedding were compared with unvaccinated control ponies. Significant protection was measured in vaccinated ponies, which supports the vaccine registration. The recombinant canarypox-based EI vaccine was the first fully updated EI vaccine available in the EU, which will help to minimise the increasing risk of vaccine breakdown due to constant EIV evolution through antigenic drift.
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Publication Date: 2016-11-25 PubMed ID: 27897990PubMed Central: PMC5198164DOI: 10.3390/pathogens5040064Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article discusses the development process and effectiveness of a recombinant canarypox-based Equine Influenza (EI) vaccine, designed to be in line with the latest OIE Expert Surveillance Panel recommendations on EI vaccine composition. It outlines the steps of production, the mode of action, and the testing schedules, and concludes the vaccine was significantly protective against the representative Florida clade 2 EIV strain.

Introduction to the Research

  • The study focuses on creating an updated vaccine for Equine Influenza (EI), a major respiratory disease in horses that can be controlled effectively via vaccination.
  • In order to provide optimal protection, the EI vaccines need to contain relevant equine influenza virus (EIV) strains. The OIE expert surveillance panel reviews these strains annually, and since 2010, has recommended the use of representative vaccine strains from Florida clade 1 and 2 sub-lineages.

Vaccine Development Process

  • The researchers outline the development process for a recombinant canarypox-based EI vaccine that aligns with the latest OIE recommendations.
  • The vaccine, named ProteqFlu, contains recombinant canarypox viruses expressing haemagglutinin from the isolates A/equine/Ohio/03 and A/equine/Richmond/1/07, representative of Florida clade 1 and 2 sub-lineages respectively.
  • The process includes the steps for vaccine production and the timeline.

Vaccine Testing and Results

  • The vaccine’s effectiveness was tested against the representative Florida clade 2 EIV strain A/equine/Richmond/1/07.
  • The testing model used was the Welsh mountain pony.
  • The research team measured the protective antibody response, disease symptoms, and virus shedding, subsequently comparing them with unvaccinated control ponies.
  • The results revealed significant protective features measured in the vaccinated ponies, substantiating the grounds for vaccine registration.

Conclusions and Implications

  • This recombinant canarypox-based EI vaccine was the first fully updated EI vaccine available in the European Union.
  • Its implementation is expected to minimise the increasing risk of vaccine failure due to constant EIV evolution through antigenic drift.

Cite This Article

APA
Paillot R, Rash NL, Garrett D, Prowse-Davis L, Montesso F, Cullinane A, Lemaitre L, Thibault JC, Wittreck S, Dancer A. (2016). How to Meet the Last OIE Expert Surveillance Panel Recommendations on Equine Influenza (EI) Vaccine Composition: A Review of the Process Required for the Recombinant Canarypox-Based EI Vaccine. Pathogens, 5(4), 64. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens5040064

Publication

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
ISSN: 2076-0817
NlmUniqueID: 101596317
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 5
Issue: 4
PII: 64

Researcher Affiliations

Paillot, Romain
  • Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford Newmarket CB8 7UU, UK. romain.paillot@aht.org.uk.
Rash, Nicola L
  • Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford Newmarket CB8 7UU, UK. nicola.rash@aht.org.uk.
Garrett, Dion
  • Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford Newmarket CB8 7UU, UK. DION.GARRETT@aht.org.uk.
Prowse-Davis, Leah
  • Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford Newmarket CB8 7UU, UK. leah.prowse@aht.org.uk.
Montesso, Fernando
  • Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford Newmarket CB8 7UU, UK. fernando.montesso@aht.org.uk.
Cullinane, Ann
  • Irish Equine Centre, Johnstown, Naas, W91 RH93 Co. Kildare, Ireland. ACullinane@irishequinecentre.ie.
Lemaitre, Laurent
  • Merial SAS, 69007 Lyon, France. Laurent.LEMAITRE@merial.com.
Thibault, Jean-Christophe
  • Merial SAS, 69007 Lyon, France. Jean-christophe.THIBAULT@merial.com.
Wittreck, Sonia
  • Merial SAS, 69007 Lyon, France. Sonia.WITTRECK@Merial.com.
Dancer, Agnes
  • Merial SAS, 69007 Lyon, France. Agnes.DANCER@merial.com.

Conflict of Interest Statement

R.P., N.R., L.P.-D., D.G. and A.C. do not report any competing interest; L.L., J.-C.T., S.W. and A.D. were employed by the founding sponsor at the time of the study. The founding sponsor and authors (L.L. and A.D.) employed by the founding sponsor were involved in the design of the study but were not involved in the collection, analyses or interpretation of data. R.P., J.-C.T., L.L., S.W. and A.D. were involved in the decision to publish the results. The manuscript was reviewed by the founding sponsor prior to submission.

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