FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 10000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Histochemistry and cell biology2010; 134(6); 545-554; doi: 10.1007/s00418-010-0760-4

Hydrolyzed fish collagen induced chondrogenic differentiation of equine adipose tissue-derived stromal cells.

Abstract: Adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) are multipotent cells which, in the presence of appropriate stimuli, can differentiate into various lineages such as the osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic. In this study, we investigated the effect of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) in comparison to hydrolyzed fish collagen in terms of the chondrogenic differentiation potential of ADSCs. ADSCs were isolated from subcutaneous fat of horses by liposuction. Chondrogenesis was investigated using a pellet culture system. The differentiation medium was either supplemented with TGF-β1 (5 ng/ml) or fish collagen (0.5 mg/ml) for a 3 week period. After the 3 weeks in vitro differentiation, RT-PCR and histological staining for proteoglycan synthesis and type II collagen were performed to evaluate the degree of chondrogenic differentiation and the formation of cartilaginous extracellular matrix (ECM). The differentiation of ADSCs induced by TGF-β1 showed a high expression of glycosaminoglycan (GAG). Histological analysis of cultures stimulated by hydrolyzed fish collagen demonstrated an even higher GAG expression than cultures stimulated under standard conditions by TGF-β1. The expression of cartilage-specific type II collagen and Sox9 was about the same in both stimulated cultures. In this study, chondrogenesis was as effectively induced by hydrolyzed fish collagen as it was successfully induced by TGF-β1. These findings demonstrated that hydrolyzed fish collagen alone has the potential to induce and maintain ADSCs-derived chondrogenesis. These results support the application of ADSCs in equine veterinary tissue engineering, especially for cartilage repair.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2010-11-14 PubMed ID: 21076963DOI: 10.1007/s00418-010-0760-4Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study investigates the impact of hydrolyzed fish collagen and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) on the transformation of equine adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) into cartilage. The results show that hydrolyzed fish collagen can successfully stimulate these cells to differentiate into cartilage, potentially serving as a new approach in equine veterinary tissue engineering, particularly in cartilage repair.

Methodology

  • ADSCs, multipotent cells with the capability to differentiate into various types of cells like osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic cells, were extracted from the subcutaneous fat of horses through liposuction.
  • The differentiation process was tested using a pellet culture system wherein the differentiation medium was supplemented with either TGF-β1 or hydrolyzed fish collagen for three weeks.

Investigation of Chondrogenesis

  • After the three week differentiation process, examinations were performed through RT-PCR and histological staining which reflected proteoglycan synthesis and type II collagen. These tests suggest the level of chondrogenic differentiation and the formation of the cartilaginous extracellular matrix (ECM).
  • TGF-β1 induced-ADSC differentiation demonstrated high glycosaminoglycan (GAG) expression. Conversely, hydrolyzed fish collagen stimulated cultures exhibited an even higher GAG expression compared to those induced by TGF-β1.

Comparing the Impact of Hydrolyzed Fish Collagen and TGF-β1

  • The expression of cartilage-specific type II collagen and Sox9 was observed to be almost the same in cultures stimulated by either hydrolyzed fish collagen or TGF-β1.
  • Both hydrolyzed fish collagen and TGF-β1 were able to effectively induce chondrogenesis. Nevertheless, this study emphasizes that hydrolyzed fish collagen alone has the capability to instigate and uphold chondrogenesis derived from ADSCs.

Implications of the Study

  • This study presents the potential application of hydrolyzed fish collagen in tissue engineering, particularly in repairing cartilage in equine veterinary medicine.

Cite This Article

APA
Raabe O, Reich C, Wenisch S, Hild A, Burg-Roderfeld M, Siebert HC, Arnhold S. (2010). Hydrolyzed fish collagen induced chondrogenic differentiation of equine adipose tissue-derived stromal cells. Histochem Cell Biol, 134(6), 545-554. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00418-010-0760-4

Publication

Histochemistry and cell biology
ISSN: 1432-119X
NlmUniqueID: 9506663
Country: Germany
Language: English
Volume: 134
Issue: 6
Pages: 545-554

Researcher Affiliations

Raabe, O
  • Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany. oksana.raabe@vetmed.uni-giessen.de
Reich, C
    Wenisch, S
      Hild, A
        Burg-Roderfeld, M
          Siebert, H-C
            Arnhold, S

              MeSH Terms

              • Adipose Tissue / cytology
              • Animals
              • Cell Differentiation / drug effects
              • Chondrocytes / ultrastructure
              • Chondrogenesis / drug effects
              • Collagen / pharmacology
              • Collagen Type II / biosynthesis
              • Collagen Type II / ultrastructure
              • Extracellular Matrix / metabolism
              • Fishes
              • Horses
              • Protein Hydrolysates / pharmacology
              • Stromal Cells / metabolism
              • Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / pharmacology

              References

              This article includes 43 references
              1. Williams KJ, Picou AA, Kish SL, Giraldo AM, Godke RA, Bondioli KR. Isolation and characterization of porcine adipose tissue-derived adult stem cells.. Cells Tissues Organs 2008;188(3):251-8.
                pubmed: 18349524doi: 10.1159/000121431google scholar: lookup
              2. Lin Y, Tian W, Chen X, Yan Z, Li Z, Qiao J, Liu L, Tang W, Zheng X. Expression of exogenous or endogenous green fluorescent protein in adipose tissue-derived stromal cells during chondrogenic differentiation.. Mol Cell Biochem 2005 Sep;277(1-2):181-90.
                pubmed: 16132730doi: 10.1007/s11010-005-5996-2google scholar: lookup
              3. Diekman BO, Rowland CR, Lennon DP, Caplan AI, Guilak F. Chondrogenesis of adult stem cells from adipose tissue and bone marrow: induction by growth factors and cartilage-derived matrix.. Tissue Eng Part A 2010 Feb;16(2):523-33.
                pubmed: 19715387doi: 10.1089/ten.TEA.2009.0398google scholar: lookup
              4. Chen CW, Tsai YH, Deng WP, Shih SN, Fang CL, Burch JG, Chen WH, Lai WF. Type I and II collagen regulation of chondrogenic differentiation by mesenchymal progenitor cells.. J Orthop Res 2005 Mar;23(2):446-53.
                pubmed: 15734261doi: 10.1016/j.orthres.2004.09.002google scholar: lookup
              5. Benya PD, Shaffer JD. Dedifferentiated chondrocytes reexpress the differentiated collagen phenotype when cultured in agarose gels.. Cell 1982 Aug;30(1):215-24.
                pubmed: 7127471doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90027-7google scholar: lookup
              6. Smith RK, Korda M, Blunn GW, Goodship AE. Isolation and implantation of autologous equine mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow into the superficial digital flexor tendon as a potential novel treatment.. Equine Vet J 2003 Jan;35(1):99-102.
                pubmed: 12553472doi: 10.2746/042516403775467388google scholar: lookup
              7. Brief AA, Maurer SG, Di Cesare PE. Use of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate in the management of osteoarthritis.. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2001 Mar-Apr;9(2):71-8.
                pubmed: 11281631doi: 10.5435/00124635-200103000-00001google scholar: lookup
              8. Zuk PA, Zhu M, Mizuno H, Huang J, Futrell JW, Katz AJ, Benhaim P, Lorenz HP, Hedrick MH. Multilineage cells from human adipose tissue: implications for cell-based therapies.. Tissue Eng 2001 Apr;7(2):211-28.
                pubmed: 11304456doi: 10.1089/107632701300062859google scholar: lookup
              9. Yoo JU, Barthel TS, Nishimura K, Solchaga L, Caplan AI, Goldberg VM, Johnstone B. The chondrogenic potential of human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells.. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1998 Dec;80(12):1745-57.
                pubmed: 9875932doi: 10.2106/00004623-199812000-00004google scholar: lookup
              10. Kisiday JD, Kopesky PW, Evans CH, Grodzinsky AJ, McIlwraith CW, Frisbie DD. Evaluation of adult equine bone marrow- and adipose-derived progenitor cell chondrogenesis in hydrogel cultures.. J Orthop Res 2008 Mar;26(3):322-31.
                pubmed: 17960654doi: 10.1002/jor.20508google scholar: lookup
              11. Kopesky PW, Lee HY, Vanderploeg EJ, Kisiday JD, Frisbie DD, Plaas AH, Ortiz C, Grodzinsky AJ. Adult equine bone marrow stromal cells produce a cartilage-like ECM mechanically superior to animal-matched adult chondrocytes.. Matrix Biol 2010 Jun;29(5):427-38.
                pubmed: 20153827doi: 10.1016/j.matbio.2010.02.003google scholar: lookup
              12. Oesser S, Seifert J. Stimulation of type II collagen biosynthesis and secretion in bovine chondrocytes cultured with degraded collagen.. Cell Tissue Res 2003 Mar;311(3):393-9.
                pubmed: 12658447doi: 10.1007/s00441-003-0702-8google scholar: lookup
              13. Lu Z, Doulabi BZ, Huang C, Bank RA, Helder MN. Collagen type II enhances chondrogenesis in adipose tissue-derived stem cells by affecting cell shape.. Tissue Eng Part A 2010 Jan;16(1):81-90.
                pubmed: 19624244doi: 10.1089/ten.TEA.2009.0222google scholar: lookup
              14. Hegewald AA, Ringe J, Bartel J, Krüger I, Notter M, Barnewitz D, Kaps C, Sittinger M. Hyaluronic acid and autologous synovial fluid induce chondrogenic differentiation of equine mesenchymal stem cells: a preliminary study.. Tissue Cell 2004 Dec;36(6):431-8.
                pubmed: 15533458doi: 10.1016/j.tice.2004.07.003google scholar: lookup
              15. Stewart AA, Byron CR, Pondenis HC, Stewart MC. Effect of dexamethasone supplementation on chondrogenesis of equine mesenchymal stem cells.. Am J Vet Res 2008 Aug;69(8):1013-21.
                pubmed: 18672964doi: 10.2460/ajvr.69.8.1013google scholar: lookup
              16. Lefebvre V, Huang W, Harley VR, Goodfellow PN, de Crombrugghe B. SOX9 is a potent activator of the chondrocyte-specific enhancer of the pro alpha1(II) collagen gene.. Mol Cell Biol 1997 Apr;17(4):2336-46.
                pubmed: 9121483doi: 10.1128/MCB.17.4.2336google scholar: lookup
              17. Mueller MB, Tuan RS. Functional characterization of hypertrophy in chondrogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells.. Arthritis Rheum 2008 May;58(5):1377-88.
                pubmed: 18438858doi: 10.1002/art.23370google scholar: lookup
              18. McAlinden A, Johnstone B, Kollar J, Kazmi N, Hering TM. Expression of two novel alternatively spliced COL2A1 isoforms during chondrocyte differentiation.. Matrix Biol 2008 Apr;27(3):254-66.
                pubmed: 18023161doi: 10.1016/j.matbio.2007.10.002google scholar: lookup
              19. Vidal MA, Robinson SO, Lopez MJ, Paulsen DB, Borkhsenious O, Johnson JR, Moore RM, Gimble JM. Comparison of chondrogenic potential in equine mesenchymal stromal cells derived from adipose tissue and bone marrow.. Vet Surg 2008 Dec;37(8):713-24.
                pubmed: 19121166doi: 10.1111/j.1532-950X.2008.00462.xgoogle scholar: lookup
              20. Jeffcott LB, Rossdale PD, Freestone J, Frank CJ, Towers-Clark PF. An assessment of wastage in thoroughbred racing from conception to 4 years of age.. Equine Vet J 1982 Jul;14(3):185-98.
                pubmed: 7106081doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1982.tb02389.xgoogle scholar: lookup
              21. Moskowitz RW. Role of collagen hydrolysate in bone and joint disease.. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2000 Oct;30(2):87-99.
                pubmed: 11071580doi: 10.1053/sarh.2000.9622google scholar: lookup
              22. Goldring MB, Tsuchimochi K, Ijiri K. The control of chondrogenesis.. J Cell Biochem 2006 Jan 1;97(1):33-44.
                pubmed: 16215986doi: 10.1002/jcb.20652google scholar: lookup
              23. Worster AA, Nixon AJ, Brower-Toland BD, Williams J. Effect of transforming growth factor beta1 on chondrogenic differentiation of cultured equine mesenchymal stem cells.. Am J Vet Res 2000 Sep;61(9):1003-10.
                pubmed: 10976727doi: 10.2460/ajvr.2000.61.1003google scholar: lookup
              24. Mueller MB, Fischer M, Zellner J, Berner A, Dienstknecht T, Prantl L, Kujat R, Nerlich M, Tuan RS, Angele P. Hypertrophy in mesenchymal stem cell chondrogenesis: effect of TGF-beta isoforms and chondrogenic conditioning.. Cells Tissues Organs 2010;192(3):158-66.
                pubmed: 20407224doi: 10.1159/000313399google scholar: lookup
              25. Litzke LE, Wagner E, Baumgaertner W, Hetzel U, Josimović-Alasević O, Libera J. Repair of extensive articular cartilage defects in horses by autologous chondrocyte transplantation.. Ann Biomed Eng 2004 Jan;32(1):57-69.
                pubmed: 14964722doi: 10.1023/b:abme.0000007791.81433.1agoogle scholar: lookup
              26. Fortier LA, Nixon AJ, Williams J, Cable CS. Isolation and chondrocytic differentiation of equine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.. Am J Vet Res 1998 Sep;59(9):1182-7.
                pubmed: 9736400
              27. Pittenger MF, Mackay AM, Beck SC, Jaiswal RK, Douglas R, Mosca JD, Moorman MA, Simonetti DW, Craig S, Marshak DR. Multilineage potential of adult human mesenchymal stem cells.. Science 1999 Apr 2;284(5411):143-7.
                pubmed: 10102814doi: 10.1126/science.284.5411.143google scholar: lookup
              28. Kuroda R, Usas A, Kubo S, Corsi K, Peng H, Rose T, Cummins J, Fu FH, Huard J. Cartilage repair using bone morphogenetic protein 4 and muscle-derived stem cells.. Arthritis Rheum 2006 Feb;54(2):433-42.
                pubmed: 16447218doi: 10.1002/art.21632google scholar: lookup
              29. Bello AE, Oesser S. Collagen hydrolysate for the treatment of osteoarthritis and other joint disorders: a review of the literature.. Curr Med Res Opin 2006 Nov;22(11):2221-32.
                pubmed: 17076983doi: 10.1185/030079906X148373google scholar: lookup
              30. Bosnakovski D, Mizuno M, Kim G, Takagi S, Okumura M, Fujinaga T. Chondrogenic differentiation of bovine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in different hydrogels: influence of collagen type II extracellular matrix on MSC chondrogenesis.. Biotechnol Bioeng 2006 Apr 20;93(6):1152-63.
                pubmed: 16470881doi: 10.1002/bit.20828google scholar: lookup
              31. Arnhold SJ, Goletz I, Klein H, Stumpf G, Beluche LA, Rohde C, Addicks K, Litzke LF. Isolation and characterization of bone marrow-derived equine mesenchymal stem cells.. Am J Vet Res 2007 Oct;68(10):1095-105.
                pubmed: 17916017doi: 10.2460/ajvr.68.10.1095google scholar: lookup
              32. Vieira NM, Brandalise V, Zucconi E, Secco M, Strauss BE, Zatz M. Isolation, characterization, and differentiation potential of canine adipose-derived stem cells.. Cell Transplant 2010;19(3):279-89.
                pubmed: 19995482doi: 10.3727/096368909X481764google scholar: lookup
              33. Estes BT, Wu AW, Guilak F. Potent induction of chondrocytic differentiation of human adipose-derived adult stem cells by bone morphogenetic protein 6.. Arthritis Rheum 2006 Apr;54(4):1222-32.
                pubmed: 16572454doi: 10.1002/art.21779google scholar: lookup
              34. Vidal MA, Kilroy GE, Lopez MJ, Johnson JR, Moore RM, Gimble JM. Characterization of equine adipose tissue-derived stromal cells: adipogenic and osteogenic capacity and comparison with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells.. Vet Surg 2007 Oct;36(7):613-22.
                pubmed: 17894587doi: 10.1111/j.1532-950X.2007.00313.xgoogle scholar: lookup
              35. Worster AA, Brower-Toland BD, Fortier LA, Bent SJ, Williams J, Nixon AJ. Chondrocytic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells sequentially exposed to transforming growth factor-beta1 in monolayer and insulin-like growth factor-I in a three-dimensional matrix.. J Orthop Res 2001 Jul;19(4):738-49.
                pubmed: 11518286doi: 10.1016/S0736-0266(00)00054-1google scholar: lookup
              36. Park Y, Sugimoto M, Watrin A, Chiquet M, Hunziker EB. BMP-2 induces the expression of chondrocyte-specific genes in bovine synovium-derived progenitor cells cultured in three-dimensional alginate hydrogel.. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2005 Jun;13(6):527-36.
                pubmed: 15922187doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2005.02.006google scholar: lookup
              37. PIEZ KA, GROSS J. The amino acid composition of some fish collagens: the relation between composition and structure.. J Biol Chem 1960 Apr;235:995-8.
                pubmed: 14432920
              38. Awad HA, Halvorsen YD, Gimble JM, Guilak F. Effects of transforming growth factor beta1 and dexamethasone on the growth and chondrogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stromal cells.. Tissue Eng 2003 Dec;9(6):1301-12.
                pubmed: 14670117doi: 10.1089/10763270360728215google scholar: lookup
              39. Schmitt B, Ringe J, Häupl T, Notter M, Manz R, Burmester GR, Sittinger M, Kaps C. BMP2 initiates chondrogenic lineage development of adult human mesenchymal stem cells in high-density culture.. Differentiation 2003 Dec;71(9-10):567-77.
                pubmed: 14686954doi: 10.1111/j.1432-0436.2003.07109003.xgoogle scholar: lookup
              40. Connelly JT, Wilson CG, Levenston ME. Characterization of proteoglycan production and processing by chondrocytes and BMSCs in tissue engineered constructs.. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2008 Sep;16(9):1092-100.
                pubmed: 18294870doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2008.01.004google scholar: lookup
              41. Hatakeyama Y, Tuan RS, Shum L. Distinct functions of BMP4 and GDF5 in the regulation of chondrogenesis.. J Cell Biochem 2004 Apr 15;91(6):1204-17.
                pubmed: 15048875doi: 10.1002/jcb.20019google scholar: lookup
              42. Gronthos S, Franklin DM, Leddy HA, Robey PG, Storms RW, Gimble JM. Surface protein characterization of human adipose tissue-derived stromal cells.. J Cell Physiol 2001 Oct;189(1):54-63.
                pubmed: 11573204doi: 10.1002/jcp.1138google scholar: lookup
              43. Kelly GS. The role of glucosamine sulfate and chondroitin sulfates in the treatment of degenerative joint disease.. Altern Med Rev 1998 Feb;3(1):27-39.
                pubmed: 9600024

              Citations

              This article has been cited 35 times.
              1. Salinas-Varas C, Espinosa G, Muñoz-Caro T, Conejeros I, Gärtner U, Fey K, Arnhold S, Taubert A, Hermosilla C. Equine adipose-derived stem cells modulate in vitro neutrophil extracellular trap release by polymorphonuclear neutrophils. Front Vet Sci 2025;12:1685757.
                doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1685757pubmed: 41200546google scholar: lookup
              2. Weng H, Decarli MC, He L, Chen W, van Rijt S, Bernaerts KV, Moroni L. Mechanical Reinforced and Self-healing Hydrogels: Bioprinted Biomimetic Methacrylated Collagen Peptide-Xanthan Gum Constructs for Ligament Regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2025 Sep;14(25):e2502341.
                doi: 10.1002/adhm.202502341pubmed: 40665850google scholar: lookup
              3. Klymiuk MC, Speer J, Marco I, Elashry MI, Heimann M, Wenisch S, Arnhold S. Determination of the miRNA profile of extracellular vesicles from equine mesenchymal stem cells after different treatments. Stem Cell Res Ther 2025 Apr 5;16(1):162.
                doi: 10.1186/s13287-025-04287-5pubmed: 40188160google scholar: lookup
              4. Heyman E, Devriendt B, De Vlieghere E, Goethals K, Van Poucke M, Peelman L, De Schauwer C. Evaluation of enzymatic protocols to optimize efficiency of bovine adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cell isolation. NPJ Sci Food 2024 Oct 1;8(1):70.
                doi: 10.1038/s41538-024-00313-7pubmed: 39353952google scholar: lookup
              5. Klymiuk MC, Balz N, Elashry MI, Wenisch S, Arnhold S. Effect of storage conditions on the quality of equine and canine mesenchymal stem cell derived nanoparticles including extracellular vesicles for research and therapy. Discov Nano 2024 May 3;19(1):80.
                doi: 10.1186/s11671-024-04026-4pubmed: 38700790google scholar: lookup
              6. Zhou N, Liu YD, Zhang Y, Gu TW, Peng LH. Pharmacological Functions, Synthesis, and Delivery Progress for Collagen as Biodrug and Biomaterial. Pharmaceutics 2023 May 9;15(5).
                doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051443pubmed: 37242685google scholar: lookup
              7. Martínez-Puig D, Costa-Larrión E, Rubio-Rodríguez N, Gálvez-Martín P. Collagen Supplementation for Joint Health: The Link between Composition and Scientific Knowledge. Nutrients 2023 Mar 8;15(6).
                doi: 10.3390/nu15061332pubmed: 36986062google scholar: lookup
              8. Heilen LB, Roßgardt J, Dern-Wieloch J, Vogelsberg J, Staszyk C. Isolation and cultivation as well as in situ identification of MSCs from equine dental pulp and periodontal ligament. Front Vet Sci 2023;10:1116671.
                doi: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1116671pubmed: 36968463google scholar: lookup
              9. Toader AG, Vlasceanu GM, Serafim A, Banciu A, Ionita M. Double-Reinforced Fish Gelatin Composite Scaffolds for Osteochondral Substitutes. Materials (Basel) 2023 Feb 22;16(5).
                doi: 10.3390/ma16051815pubmed: 36902932google scholar: lookup
              10. Yano S, Yamaguchi K, Shibata M, Ifuku S, Teramoto N. Photocrosslinked Fish Collagen Peptide/Chitin Nanofiber Composite Hydrogels from Marine Resources: Preparation, Mechanical Properties, and an In Vitro Study. Polymers (Basel) 2023 Jan 29;15(3).
                doi: 10.3390/polym15030682pubmed: 36771982google scholar: lookup
              11. Rigogliuso S, Campora S, Notarbartolo M, Ghersi G. Recovery of Bioactive Compounds from Marine Organisms: Focus on the Future Perspectives for Pharmacological, Biomedical and Regenerative Medicine Applications of Marine Collagen. Molecules 2023 Jan 24;28(3).
                doi: 10.3390/molecules28031152pubmed: 36770818google scholar: lookup
              12. Liu C. Application of marine collagen for stem-cell-based therapy and tissue regeneration (Review). Med Int (Lond) 2021 Jul-Aug;1(3):6.
                doi: 10.3892/mi.2021.5pubmed: 36698868google scholar: lookup
              13. Elango J, Zamora-Ledezma C, Ge B, Hou C, Pan Z, Bao B, Pérez Albacete Martínez C, Granero Marín JM, de Val JEMS, Bao C, Wu W. Paradoxical Duel Role of Collagen in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Cause of Inflammation and Treatment. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022 Jul 15;9(7).
                doi: 10.3390/bioengineering9070321pubmed: 35877372google scholar: lookup
              14. Li W, Ura K, Takagi Y. Industrial application of fish cartilaginous tissues. Curr Res Food Sci 2022;5:698-709.
                doi: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.04.001pubmed: 35479656google scholar: lookup
              15. Geahchan S, Baharlouei P, Rahman A. Marine Collagen: A Promising Biomaterial for Wound Healing, Skin Anti-Aging, and Bone Regeneration. Mar Drugs 2022 Jan 10;20(1).
                doi: 10.3390/md20010061pubmed: 35049916google scholar: lookup
              16. Leisengang S, Heilen LB, Klymiuk MC, Nürnberger F, Ott D, Wolf-Hofmann K, Gerstberger R, Rummel C, Schmidt MJ, Arnhold S, Roth J. Neuroinflammation in Primary Cultures of the Rat Spinal Dorsal Horn Is Attenuated in the Presence of Adipose Tissue-Derived Medicinal Signalling Cells (AdMSCs) in a Co-cultivation Model. Mol Neurobiol 2022 Jan;59(1):475-494.
                doi: 10.1007/s12035-021-02601-9pubmed: 34716556google scholar: lookup
              17. Eckert T, Jährling-Butkus M, Louton H, Burg-Roderfeld M, Zhang R, Zhang N, Hesse K, Petridis AK, Kožár T, Steinmeyer J, Schauer R, Engelhard P, Kozarova A, Hudson JW, Siebert HC. Efficacy of Chondroprotective Food Supplements Based on Collagen Hydrolysate and Compounds Isolated from Marine Organisms. Mar Drugs 2021 Sep 26;19(10).
                doi: 10.3390/md19100542pubmed: 34677442google scholar: lookup
              18. Xu N, Peng XL, Li HR, Liu JX, Cheng JS, Qi XY, Ye SJ, Gong HL, Zhao XH, Yu J, Xu G, Wei DX. Marine-Derived Collagen as Biomaterials for Human Health. Front Nutr 2021;8:702108.
                doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.702108pubmed: 34504861google scholar: lookup
              19. Bourdon B, Contentin R, Cassé F, Maspimby C, Oddoux S, Noël A, Legendre F, Gruchy N, Galéra P. Marine Collagen Hydrolysates Downregulate the Synthesis of Pro-Catabolic and Pro-Inflammatory Markers of Osteoarthritis and Favor Collagen Production and Metabolic Activity in Equine Articular Chondrocyte Organoids. Int J Mol Sci 2021 Jan 8;22(2).
                doi: 10.3390/ijms22020580pubmed: 33430111google scholar: lookup
              20. Li H, Chen R, Jia Z, Wang C, Xu Y, Li C, Xia H, Meng D. Porous fish collagen for cartilage tissue engineering. Am J Transl Res 2020;12(10):6107-6121.
                pubmed: 33194017
              21. Rigogliuso S, Salamone M, Barbarino E, Barbarino M, Nicosia A, Ghersi G. Production of Injectable Marine Collagen-Based Hydrogel for the Maintenance of Differentiated Chondrocytes in Tissue Engineering Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2020 Aug 12;21(16).
                doi: 10.3390/ijms21165798pubmed: 32806778google scholar: lookup
              22. Liu C, Sun J. Modulation of the secretion of mesenchymal stem cell immunoregulatory factors by hydrolyzed fish collagen. Exp Ther Med 2020 Jul;20(1):375-384.
                doi: 10.3892/etm.2020.8674pubmed: 32509014google scholar: lookup
              23. Lim YS, Ok YJ, Hwang SY, Kwak JY, Yoon S. Marine Collagen as A Promising Biomaterial for Biomedical Applications. Mar Drugs 2019 Aug 10;17(8).
                doi: 10.3390/md17080467pubmed: 31405173google scholar: lookup
              24. Klymiuk MC, Balz N, Elashry MI, Heimann M, Wenisch S, Arnhold S. Exosomes isolation and identification from equine mesenchymal stem cells. BMC Vet Res 2019 Jan 28;15(1):42.
                doi: 10.1186/s12917-019-1789-9pubmed: 30691449google scholar: lookup
              25. Simons VS, Lochnit G, Wilhelm J, Ishaque B, Rickert M, Steinmeyer J. Comparative Analysis of Peptide Composition and Bioactivity of Different Collagen Hydrolysate Batches on Human Osteoarthritic Synoviocytes. Sci Rep 2018 Dec 7;8(1):17733.
                doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-36046-3pubmed: 30531866google scholar: lookup
              26. Dar QA, Schott EM, Catheline SE, Maynard RD, Liu Z, Kamal F, Farnsworth CW, Ketz JP, Mooney RA, Hilton MJ, Jonason JH, Prawitt J, Zuscik MJ. Daily oral consumption of hydrolyzed type 1 collagen is chondroprotective and anti-inflammatory in murine posttraumatic osteoarthritis. PLoS One 2017;12(4):e0174705.
                doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174705pubmed: 28384173google scholar: lookup
              27. Schadow S, Simons VS, Lochnit G, Kordelle J, Gazova Z, Siebert HC, Steinmeyer J. Metabolic Response of Human Osteoarthritic Cartilage to Biochemically Characterized Collagen Hydrolysates. Int J Mol Sci 2017 Jan 20;18(1).
                doi: 10.3390/ijms18010207pubmed: 28117674google scholar: lookup
              28. Moeinzadeh S, Pajoum Shariati SR, Jabbari E. Comparative effect of physicomechanical and biomolecular cues on zone-specific chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Biomaterials 2016 Jun;92:57-70.
                doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.03.034pubmed: 27038568google scholar: lookup
              29. Arnhold S, Wenisch S. Adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells for musculoskeletal repair in veterinary medicine. Am J Stem Cells 2015;4(1):1-12.
                pubmed: 25973326
              30. Barberini DJ, Freitas NP, Magnoni MS, Maia L, Listoni AJ, Heckler MC, Sudano MJ, Golim MA, da Cruz Landim-Alvarenga F, Amorim RM. Equine mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow, adipose tissue and umbilical cord: immunophenotypic characterization and differentiation potential. Stem Cell Res Ther 2014 Feb 21;5(1):25.
                doi: 10.1186/scrt414pubmed: 24559797google scholar: lookup
              31. Raabe O, Shell K, Goessl A, Crispens C, Delhasse Y, Eva A, Scheiner-Bobis G, Wenisch S, Arnhold S. Effect of extracorporeal shock wave on proliferation and differentiation of equine adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. Am J Stem Cells 2013;2(1):62-73.
                pubmed: 23671817
              32. Schadow S, Siebert HC, Lochnit G, Kordelle J, Rickert M, Steinmeyer J. Collagen metabolism of human osteoarthritic articular cartilage as modulated by bovine collagen hydrolysates. PLoS One 2013;8(1):e53955.
                doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053955pubmed: 23342047google scholar: lookup
              33. Reich CM, Raabe O, Wenisch S, Bridger PS, Kramer M, Arnhold S. Isolation, culture and chondrogenic differentiation of canine adipose tissue- and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells--a comparative study. Vet Res Commun 2012 Jun;36(2):139-48.
                doi: 10.1007/s11259-012-9523-0pubmed: 22392598google scholar: lookup
              34. Raabe O, Shell K, Würtz A, Reich CM, Wenisch S, Arnhold S. Further insights into the characterization of equine adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Vet Res Commun 2011 Aug;35(6):355-65.
                doi: 10.1007/s11259-011-9480-zpubmed: 21614641google scholar: lookup
              35. Hübner S, Efthymiadis A. Histochemistry and cell biology: the annual review 2010. Histochem Cell Biol 2011 Feb;135(2):111-40.
                doi: 10.1007/s00418-011-0781-7pubmed: 21279376google scholar: lookup
              Subscribe to our newsletter
              Join 99,658 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.