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Identification of sources of Salmonella organisms in a veterinary teaching hospital and evaluation of the effects of disinfectants on detection of Salmonella organisms on surface materials.
Abstract: To determine sources of Salmonella organisms in a veterinary teaching hospital, compare bacterial culture with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for detection of Salmonella organisms in environmental samples, and evaluate the effects of various disinfectants on detection of Salmonella organisms on surface materials. Methods: Prospective study. Methods: Fecal samples from 638 hospitalized horses and 783 environmental samples. Methods: Standard bacterial culture techniques were used; the PCR test amplified a segment of the Salmonella DNA. Five disinfectants were mixed with Salmonella suspensions, and bacterial culture was performed. Swab samples were collected from 7 surface materials after inoculation of the surfaces with Salmonella Typhimurium, with or without addition of a disinfectant, and submitted for bacterial culture and PCR testing. Results: Salmonella organisms were detected in fecal samples from 35 (5.5%) horses. For environmental samples, the proportion of positive bacterial culture results (1/783) was significantly less than the proportion of positive PCR test results (110/783), probably because of detection of nonviable DNA by the PCR test. Detection of Salmonella organisms varied with the surface material tested, the method of detection (bacterial culture vs PCR testing), and the presence and type of disinfectant. Conclusions: Results of the present study suggested that Salmonella organisms can be isolated from feces of hospitalized horses and a variety of environmental surfaces in a large animal hospital. Although recovery of Salmonella organisms was affected by surface material and disinfectant, bleach was the most effective disinfectant on the largest number of surfaces tested.
Publication Date: 2001-04-25 PubMed ID: 11318367DOI: 10.2460/javma.2001.218.1145Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Comparative Study
- Evaluation Study
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research is about finding the sources of Salmonella in a veterinary teaching hospital, comparing bacterial culture with DNA testing for its detection, and evaluating the effects of disinfectants on the bacteria. The results indicated the bacteria was found in horse feces and various environmental surfaces, and bleach was the most effective in eliminating it.
Objective of the Research
- The research sought to determine the sources of Salmonella bacteria in a veterinary teaching hospital.
- The researchers chose to compare conventional bacterial culture methods and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for detecting the bacteria in environmental samples.
- The effectiveness of different disinfectants on Salmonella detection on various surfaces was evaluated as a part of the study.
Methods of the Research
- Fecal samples from 638 hospitalized horses and 783 environmental samples were used in the research.
- Standard bacterial culture technique and PCR tests, which amplify a segment of the Salmonella DNA, were used for the detection.
- Five disinfectants were subjected to Salmonella suspension and a bacterial culture was performed thereafter.
- Swab samples were taken from seven surface materials after introducing Salmonella Typhimurium, with and without a disinfectant, and sent for bacterial culture and PCR testing.
Results of the Research
- The bacteria was detected in fecal samples from 35 (5.5%) horses.
- The proportion of positive bacterial culture results (1/783) was significantly less than the positive PCR test results (110/783). This discrepancy is attributed to the PCR test’s ability to detect nonviable DNA.
- Detection methods and efficacy varied with the type of surface material tested, the method of detection used (bacterial culture vs PCR testing), and the presence and type of disinfectant used.
Conclusion of the Research
- From the results, the researchers concluded that Salmonella can be isolated from the feces of hospitalized horses and a variety of environmental surfaces in large animal hospitals.
- The study also found that the recovery of Salmonella organisms was influenced by the type of surface material and the disinfectant used. However, bleach proved to be the most effective disinfectant on the largest number of surfaces tested.
Cite This Article
APA
Ewart SL, Schott HC, Robison RL, Dwyer RM, Eberhart SW, Walker RD.
(2001).
Identification of sources of Salmonella organisms in a veterinary teaching hospital and evaluation of the effects of disinfectants on detection of Salmonella organisms on surface materials.
J Am Vet Med Assoc, 218(7), 1145-1151.
https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.2001.218.1145 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824-1314, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Carrier State / diagnosis
- Carrier State / microbiology
- Carrier State / veterinary
- DNA, Bacterial / analysis
- Disinfectants / pharmacology
- Feces / microbiology
- Horse Diseases / diagnosis
- Horse Diseases / microbiology
- Horse Diseases / prevention & control
- Horses
- Hospitals, Animal
- Hospitals, Teaching
- Microbiological Techniques / methods
- Microbiological Techniques / veterinary
- Polymerase Chain Reaction / veterinary
- Prospective Studies
- Salmonella / drug effects
- Salmonella / genetics
- Salmonella / isolation & purification
- Salmonella Infections, Animal / diagnosis
- Salmonella Infections, Animal / microbiology
- Salmonella Infections, Animal / prevention & control
Citations
This article has been cited 6 times.- Lyle CH, Annandale CH, Gouws J, Morley PS. Comparison of two culture techniques used to detect environmental contamination with Salmonella enterica in a large-animal hospital. J S Afr Vet Assoc 2015 Aug 13;86(1):E1-5.
- Traverse M, Aceto H. Environmental cleaning and disinfection. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2015 Mar;45(2):299-330, vi.
- Hoelzer K, Moreno Switt AI, Wiedmann M. Animal contact as a source of human non-typhoidal salmonellosis. Vet Res 2011 Feb 14;42(1):34.
- Wright JG, Tengelsen LA, Smith KE, Bender JB, Frank RK, Grendon JH, Rice DH, Thiessen AM, Gilbertson CJ, Sivapalasingam S, Barrett TJ, Besser TE, Hancock DD, Angulo FJ. Multidrug-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium in four animal facilities. Emerg Infect Dis 2005 Aug;11(8):1235-41.
- Cherry B, Burns A, Johnson GS, Pfeiffer H, Dumas N, Barrett D, McDonough PL, Eidson M. Salmonella Typhimurium outbreak associated with veterinary clinic. Emerg Infect Dis 2004 Dec;10(12):2249-51.
- Gentry-Weeks C, Hutcheson HJ, Kim LM, Bolte D, Traub-Dargatz J, Morley P, Powers B, Jessen M. Identification of two phylogenetically related organisms from feces by PCR for detection of Salmonella spp. J Clin Microbiol 2002 Apr;40(4):1487-92.
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