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Home / Equine Research Bank / PLoS One / Managing the risk of Hendra virus spillover in Australia usi...
PloS one2018; 13(12); e0209798; doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209798

Managing the risk of Hendra virus spillover in Australia using ecological approaches: A report on three community juries.

Abstract: Hendra virus (HeV) infection is endemic in Australian flying-fox populations. Habitat loss has increased the peri-urban presence of flying-foxes, increasing the risk of contact and therefore viral 'spillovers' into horse and human populations. An equine vaccine is available and horse-husbandry practices that minimize HeV exposure are encouraged, but their adoption is suboptimal. Ecological approaches-such as habitat creation and conservation-could complement vaccination and behavioural strategies by reducing spillover risks, but these are controversial. We convened three community juries (two regional; one metropolitan) to elicit the views of well-informed citizens on the acceptability of adding ecological approaches to current interventions for HeV risk. Thirty-one participants of diverse backgrounds, mixed genders and ages were recruited using random-digit-dialling. Each jury was presented with balanced factual evidence, given time to ask questions of expert presenters and, after deliberation, come to well-reasoned conclusions. All juries voted unanimously that ecological strategies should be included in HeV risk management strategies but concluded that current interventions-including vaccination and changing horse-husbandry practices-must remain the priority. The key reasons given for adopting ecological approaches were: (i) they address underlying drivers of disease emergence, (ii) the potential to prevent spillover of other bat-borne pathogens, and (iii) there would be broader community benefits. Juries differed regarding the best mechanism to create/conserve flying-fox habitat: participants in regional centres favoured direct government action, whereas the metropolitan jury preferred to place the burden on landholders. Informed citizens acknowledge the value of addressing the drivers of bat-borne infectious risks but differ substantially as to the best implementation strategies. Ecological approaches to securing bat habitat could find broad social support in Australia, but disagreement about how best to achieve them indicates the need for negotiation with affected communities to co-develop fair, effective and locally appropriate policies.
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Publication Date: 2018-12-31 PubMed ID: 30596719PubMed Central: PMC6312203DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209798Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research focuses on managing the risk of Hendra virus infection, which is prevalent in Australian flying-fox populations, by taking ecological approaches like habitat creation and conservation. The study captures public opinion over these ecological strategies via three community juries, concluding that while these strategies are appreciated, the implementation methodologies vary greatly across communities.

Objective

  • The goal of this study was to determine public opinion on the use of ecological approaches such as habitat creation and conservation to manage the risk of Hendra virus (HeV) spillover, which is endemic in Australian flying-fox populations.

Methodology

  • Three community juries were convened – two regional and one metropolitan – to capture the views of well-informed citizens on this approach to HeV risk.
  • A total of 31 participants from diverse backgrounds, mixed genders and ages were selected through random-digit-dialling.
  • Each jury was presented with balanced factual evidence regarding the current HeV risk management methods and potential ecological strategies.
  • The participants had an opportunity to ask questions from expert presenters and then deliberated to reach well-reasoned conclusions.

Findings

  • All the juries unanimously agreed that ecological strategies should be included in HeV risk management strategies.
  • However, they also agreed that the current interventions, mainly vaccination and changing horse-husbandry practices, must remain the priority.
  • The key reasons given for adopting ecological approaches included that they address the underlying drivers of disease emergence, have the potential to prevent spillover of other bat-borne pathogens, and would offer broader community benefits.
  • There were disagreements on the best mechanisms for creating or conserving flying-fox habitat. Participants in regional centres favoured direct government action, while the metropolitan jury preferred to place the burden on landholders.

Conclusion

  • Overall, the citizens acknowledged the value of addressing bat-borne infectious risks through ecological approaches.
  • However, the disagreement about the best method to achieve these strategies indicates the need for negotiation with affected communities to co-develop fair, effective and locally appropriate policies.

Cite This Article

APA
Degeling C, Gilbert GL, Annand E, Taylor M, Walsh MG, Ward MP, Wilson A, Johnson J. (2018). Managing the risk of Hendra virus spillover in Australia using ecological approaches: A report on three community juries. PLoS One, 13(12), e0209798. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209798

Publication

PloS one
ISSN: 1932-6203
NlmUniqueID: 101285081
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 13
Issue: 12
Pages: e0209798

Researcher Affiliations

Degeling, Chris
  • Australian Centre for Health Engagement Evidence and Values, School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
Gilbert, Gwendolyn L
  • Sydney Health Ethics, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
  • Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Annand, Edward
  • Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
  • Sydney School of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, Australia.
  • EquiEpiVet, Picton, NSW, Australia.
Taylor, Melanie
  • Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Walsh, Michael G
  • Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
  • Westmead Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia.
Ward, Michael P
  • Sydney School of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, Australia.
Wilson, Andrew
  • Menzies Centre for Health Policy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Johnson, Jane
  • Sydney Health Ethics, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
  • Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
  • Westmead Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia.

MeSH Terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Animals
  • Australia / epidemiology
  • Chiroptera / virology
  • Ecology / methods
  • Female
  • Hendra Virus / pathogenicity
  • Henipavirus Infections / epidemiology
  • Horses / virology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Young Adult

Conflict of Interest Statement

EA is employed by the commercial entity EquiEpiVet and is a member of Equine Veterinarians Australia – a special interest group of the Australian Veterinary Association. MPW is a Fellow (Veterinary Epidemiology) of the Australian and New Zealand College of Veterinary Scientists. The commercial and professional affiliations of these authors do not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. All other authors have no competing interests to declare.

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