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Emerging microbes & infections2019; 8(1); 103-108; doi: 10.1080/22221751.2018.1560235

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in non-camelid domestic mammals.

Abstract: Dromedary camels are natural host of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). However, there are limited studies of MERS-CoV infection of other domestic mammals exposed to infected dromedaries. We expanded our surveillance among camels in Egypt, Tunisia, and Senegal to include other domestic mammalian species in contact with infected camels. A total of 820 sera and 823 nasal swabs from cattle, sheep, goats, donkeys, buffaloes, mules, and horses were collected. Swabs were tested using RT-PCR and virus RNA-positive samples were genetically sequenced and phylogenetically analysed. Sera were screened using virus microneutralization tests and positive sera (where available) were confirmed using plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNT). We detected 90% PRNT confirmed MERS-CoV antibody in 35 (55.6%) of 63 sera from sheep collected from Senegal, two sheep (1.8%) of 114 in Tunisia and a goat (0.9%) of 107 in Egypt, with titres ranging from 1:80 to ≥1:320. We detected MERS-CoV RNA in swabs from three sheep (1.2%) of 254 and five goats (4.1%) of 121 from Egypt and Senegal, as well as one cow (1.9%) of 53 and three donkeys (7.1%) of 42 from Egypt. Partial sequences of the RT-PCR amplicons confirmed specificity of the results. This study showed that domestic livestock in contact with MERS-CoV infected camels may be at risk of infection. We recommend expanding current MERS-CoV surveillance in animals to include other livestock in close contact with dromedary camels. The segregation of camels from other livestock in farms and live animal markets may need to be considered.
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Publication Date: 2019-03-15 PubMed ID: 30866764PubMed Central: PMC6455111DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2018.1560235Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article examines the potential for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) to infect non-camelid domestic mammals that are in close contact with infected camels. The study found that such domestic livestock may be at risk of infection, and recommends expanded surveillance measures in animals that are in close contact with dromedary camels.

Research Context and Methodology

  • The researchers are studying Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) which is usually found in dromedary camels.
  • The focus of this study is not only the camels but also other domestic mammals that are often in contact with these infected camels.
  • The research was expanded to domestic mammals in Egypt, Tunisia, and Senegal where 820 sera and 823 nasal swabs were collected from animals like cows, sheep, goats, donkeys, buffaloes, mules, and horses.
  • The swabs were tested using RT-PCR (Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction), a method to detect virus RNA, and then genetically sequenced and phylogenetically analysed.
  • The sera were screened using virus microneutralization tests and positive results were confirmed using plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNT).

Research Findings

  • Early results showed confirmed MERS-CoV infection in 35 sheep, two sheep in Tunisia, and a goat in Egypt, all measured with titres ranging from 1:80 to ≥1:320.
  • MERS-CoV RNA was detected in swabs from three sheep and five goats from Egypt and Senegal, one cow, and three donkeys from Egypt.
  • Partial sequences of the RT-PCR amplicons confirmed the specificity of these results.
  • Overall, the study showed that domestic livestock that come into contact with MERS-CoV infected camels might be at risk of getting infected.

Implications and Recommendations

  • The researchers recommended that the current surveillance for MERS-CoV in animals should be expanded to include other domestic livestock that are in close contact with dromedary camels.
  • They suggested that the possible segregation of camels from other livestock in farms and animal markets should be considered to reduce the risk of infection transmission.

Cite This Article

APA
Kandeil A, Gomaa M, Shehata M, El-Taweel A, Kayed AE, Abiadh A, Jrijer J, Moatasim Y, Kutkat O, Bagato O, Mahmoud S, Mostafa A, El-Shesheny R, Perera RA, Ko RL, Hassan N, Elsokary B, Allal L, Saad A, Sobhy H, McKenzie PP, Webby RJ, Peiris M, Ali MA, Kayali G. (2019). Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in non-camelid domestic mammals. Emerg Microbes Infect, 8(1), 103-108. https://doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2018.1560235

Publication

Emerging microbes & infections
ISSN: 2222-1751
NlmUniqueID: 101594885
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Pages: 103-108

Researcher Affiliations

Kandeil, Ahmed
  • a Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Virus , National Research Centre , Giza , Egypt.
Gomaa, Mokhtar
  • a Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Virus , National Research Centre , Giza , Egypt.
Shehata, Mahmoud
  • a Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Virus , National Research Centre , Giza , Egypt.
El-Taweel, Ahmed
  • a Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Virus , National Research Centre , Giza , Egypt.
Kayed, Ahmed E
  • a Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Virus , National Research Centre , Giza , Egypt.
Abiadh, Awatef
  • b Nature Link , Sfax , Tunisia.
Jrijer, Jamel
  • b Nature Link , Sfax , Tunisia.
Moatasim, Yassmin
  • a Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Virus , National Research Centre , Giza , Egypt.
Kutkat, Omnia
  • a Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Virus , National Research Centre , Giza , Egypt.
Bagato, Ola
  • a Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Virus , National Research Centre , Giza , Egypt.
Mahmoud, Sara
  • a Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Virus , National Research Centre , Giza , Egypt.
Mostafa, Ahmed
  • a Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Virus , National Research Centre , Giza , Egypt.
  • c Institute of Medical Virology , Justus Liebig University Giessen , Giessen , Germany.
El-Shesheny, Rabeh
  • a Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Virus , National Research Centre , Giza , Egypt.
  • d St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis , TN , USA.
Perera, Ranawaka Apm
  • e School of Public Health , University of Hong Kong , Sandy Bay , Hong Kong.
Ko, Ronald Lw
  • e School of Public Health , University of Hong Kong , Sandy Bay , Hong Kong.
Hassan, Nagla
  • f General Organizations of Veterinary Services , Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation , Giza , Egypt.
Elsokary, Basma
  • f General Organizations of Veterinary Services , Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation , Giza , Egypt.
Allal, Lotfi
  • g Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations , Emergency Center for Transboundary Animal Diseases , Giza , Egypt.
Saad, Ahmed
  • g Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations , Emergency Center for Transboundary Animal Diseases , Giza , Egypt.
Sobhy, Heba
  • g Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations , Emergency Center for Transboundary Animal Diseases , Giza , Egypt.
McKenzie, Pamela P
  • d St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis , TN , USA.
Webby, Richard J
  • d St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis , TN , USA.
Peiris, Malik
  • e School of Public Health , University of Hong Kong , Sandy Bay , Hong Kong.
Ali, Mohamed A
  • a Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Virus , National Research Centre , Giza , Egypt.
Kayali, Ghazi
  • h Human Link , Baabda , Lebanon.
  • i University of Texas Health Sciences Center , Houston , TX , USA.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Animals, Domestic / blood
  • Animals, Domestic / immunology
  • Animals, Domestic / virology
  • Antibodies, Viral / blood
  • Cattle
  • Coronavirus Infections / diagnosis
  • Coronavirus Infections / immunology
  • Egypt
  • Goats
  • Horses
  • Humans
  • Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus / classification
  • Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus / genetics
  • Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus / immunology
  • Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus / isolation & purification
  • Neutralization Tests
  • Nose / virology
  • Phylogeny
  • Population Surveillance
  • Senegal
  • Sequence Analysis, RNA / methods
  • Sheep
  • Tunisia

Grant Funding

  • HHSN272201400006C / NIAID NIH HHS

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