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Frontiers in veterinary science2022; 9; 958567; doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.958567

Nebulized glycosylated caffeic acid phenylether ester attenuation of environmental particulate-induced airway inflammation in horses.

Abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the extent that nebulized glycosylated caffeic acid phenylether ester-4-O-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (G-CAPE) attenuates particulate-induced airway inflammation in healthy horses. Our hypothesis was that nebulization with G-CAPE would result in improved respiratory scores, higher arterial oxygen partial pressure, and less inflammatory airway infiltrates in horses with induced airway inflammation, compared with untreated controls. Five healthy adult horses were housed inside a climate controlled, closed barn on straw bedding and fed moldy grass hay for 16 days to induce airway inflammation. An experimental crossover study was performed in which animals were treated with 200 mg G-CAPE dissolved in 45 mL of 10% triethanolamine (G-CAPE group) or 45 mL of 10% triethanolamine (CONTROL group), and clinical respiratory scoring, arterial blood gases, and bronchoalveolar lavages (BALs) were collected at predetermined time points up to 24 h post nebulization. While the mean neutrophil percentage decreased in treated horses compared to controls (9.3 ± 2.0 and 16.9 ± 2.4, respectively) at 6 hours post treatment ( = 6 h), the difference did not achieve statistical significance ( = 0.1154). Blood gas analysis did not differ significantly between groups. There was a significant difference in the mean respiratory scores of G-CAPE-treated horses between baseline and at 1-h post treatment (from 3.2 ± 0.7 to 1.6 ± 0.7, = 0.0013). This study demonstrates that a single nebulized dose of G-CAPE decreased clinical respiratory scores 1 h post administration and decreased BAL percentage of neutrophils 6 h post administration in horses with particulate induced airway inflammation. This compound shows promise as an anti-inflammatory and warrants further investigation.
Copyright © 2022 Rutledge, Paegelow, Ritchey, Singh, Rizzi, Murray, Gilliam, Crisman, Williams and Holbrook.
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Publication Date: 2022-11-03 PubMed ID: 36406065PubMed Central: PMC9669659DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.958567Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The study is about investigating the potential of nebulized glycosylated caffeic acid phenylether ester, also known as G-CAPE, in reducing airway inflammation in horses exposed to moldy hay and straw bedding in a controlled environment.

Study Objective and Hypothesis

  • The main objective of this research endeavor was to determine the effect of nebulized G-CAPE on particulate-induced inflammation in the airways of healthy horses.
  • The researchers hypothesized that nebulizing horses with G-CAPE would lead to improved respiratory scores, an increase in arterial oxygen partial pressure, and a decrease in inflammatory airway infiltrates as compared to those left untreated.

Methodology

  • The study involved five healthy adult horses, which were kept in a controlled environment (a closed barn) and fed moldy grass and straw bedding for 16 days to induce airway inflammation.
  • Then the scientists performed an experimental crossover study, treating the horses either with G-CAPE dissolved in triethanolamine or with only triethanolamine (control group).
  • The researchers evaluated the clinical respiratory scores, arterial blood gases, and performed bronchoalveolar lavages (BALs) at predetermined time points up to 24 hours after the treatment.

Findings

  • The researchers found that the horses treated with G-CAPE showed a reduction in the percentage of neutrophils in BAL samples, six hours after treatment as compared to the control group. However, the difference was not statistically significant.
  • Blood gas analyses did not reveal significant differences between the two groups. The amount of arterial oxygen pressure in the blood remained relatively similar.
  • Nonetheless, respiratory scores showed a significant reduction, from a score of 3.2 to 1.6, after one hour of treatment with G-CAPE. This indicated improved respiration in the treated horses.

Conclusion

  • The article concludes that a single dosage of nebulized G-CAPE decreased clinical respiratory scores in horses with particulate induced airway inflammation 1 hour after administration, and managed to decrease BAL percentage of neutrophils 6 hours post-administration.
  • This suggests that G-CAPE may have anti-inflammatory effects and further study for its potential as a therapeutic agent in similar inflammatory conditions is merited.

Cite This Article

APA
Rutledge JJ, Paegelow J, Ritchey J, Singh A, Rizzi T, Murray C, Gilliam L, Crisman E, Williams NJ, Holbrook TC. (2022). Nebulized glycosylated caffeic acid phenylether ester attenuation of environmental particulate-induced airway inflammation in horses. Front Vet Sci, 9, 958567. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.958567

Publication

Frontiers in veterinary science
ISSN: 2297-1769
NlmUniqueID: 101666658
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 9
Pages: 958567
PII: 958567

Researcher Affiliations

Rutledge, Jessica J
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States.
Paegelow, Jillian
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States.
Ritchey, Jerry
  • Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States.
Singh, Anuradha
  • Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States.
Rizzi, Theresa
  • Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States.
Murray, Cynthia
  • Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, United States.
Gilliam, Lyndi
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States.
Crisman, Evan
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States.
Williams, Natasha J
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States.
Holbrook, Todd C
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 1 times.
  1. Li Y, Zhou X, Yang Z, Zhang L, Yang X, Wei A. Caffeic Acid Reduces Ferroptosis to Dampen Inflammation of Keratinocytes in Psoriasis by Inhibiting EGR1-induced Transcription Activation of CHAC1. Curr Mol Med 2025;25(7):859-870.
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