Pericardiotomy by Transdiaphragmatic Thoracoscopy Singleport in Horses.

This research paper explores pericardiotomy through transdiaphragmatic thoracoscopy, a new method of accessing the pericardium of horses using a single port. The researchers tested the technique on six horse cadavers and found it promising.

Objective of the Study

• The researchers purposed to develop a new technique to perform a pericardiotomy in horses through the diaphragm, via a single port. Previous techniques accessed the pericardium (the sac surrounding the heart) through the intercostal space (between the ribs).

Procedure of the Study

• The study was carried out on six cadavers of adult horses. The bodies were laid on their backs, and the incision was made in the region next to the xiphoid process (the small bone at the bottom of the sternum).
• An 11 mm trocar, a surgical instrument used to insert various devices, was inserted into this initial incision to access the thoracic cavity.
• Once in the chest cavity, a rigid endoscope with a working portal was inserted. The pericardium was then opened using endoscopic scissors.
• The pericardiotomy (procedure of cutting into the pericardium) started from the phrenic-pericardial ligament, which connects the pericardium to the diaphragm and the heart.
• Following the procedure, necropsies were performed on the cadavers to examine for any unintentional injuries and to examine the condition of the diaphragm and the pericardium.

Results of the Study

• The procedure resulted in clear visualization of the caudal section (rear portion) of the thoracic cavity and allowed for easy manipulation and accessibility to the pericardium.
• The average surgical time recorded was roughly 24 minutes, demonstrating significant effectiveness and speed. The approach facilitated an extensive opening of the pericardium.

Conclusion of the Study

• The research concluded the transdiaphragmatic thoracoscopy was an effective method for viewing and accessing the pericardium and the structures in the caudal region of the thoracic cavity.
• The technique proposed by the researchers, pericardiotomy through a singleport transdiaphragmatic thoracoscopy, was deemed promising and a potential alternative in conducting pericardial procedures in horses.