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NPJ vaccines2016; 1; 16003; doi: 10.1038/npjvaccines.2016.3

Protection from Hendra virus infection with Canarypox recombinant vaccine.

Abstract: Hendra virus (HeV) is an emerging zoonotic pathogen, which causes severe respiratory illness and encephalitis in humans and horses. Since its first appearance in 1994, spillovers of HeV from its natural reservoir fruit bats occur on almost an annual basis. The high mortality rate in both humans and horses and the wide-ranging reservoir distribution are making HeV a serious public health problem, especially for people exposed to sick horses. This study has aimed to develop an efficient low-cost HeV vaccine for horses based on Canarypox recombinant vector expressing HeV glycoproteins, attachment glycoprotein (G) and fusion protein (F). This vaccine was used to immunise hamsters and then challenged intraperitoneally with HeV 3 weeks later. The higher tested dose of the vaccine efficiently prevented oropharyngeal virus shedding and protected animals from clinical disease and virus-induced mortality. Vaccine induced generation of seroneutralising antibodies and prevented virus-induced histopathological changes and a production of viral RNA and antigens in animal tissues. Interestingly, some vaccinated animals, including those immunised at a lower dose, were protected in the absence of detectable specific antibodies, suggesting the induction of an efficient virus-specific cellular immunity. Finally, ponies immunised using the same vaccination protocol as hamsters developed strong seroneutralising titres against both HeV and closely related Nipah virus, indicating that this vaccine may have the ability to induce cross-protection against Henipavirus infection. These data suggest that Canarypox-based vectors encoding for HeV glycoproteins present very promising new vaccine candidate to prevent infection and shedding of the highly lethal HeV.
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Publication Date: 2016-07-28 PubMed ID: 29263849PubMed Central: PMC5707888DOI: 10.1038/npjvaccines.2016.3Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research paper discusses the preparation and application of an animal-based vaccine against Hendra virus (HeV), a highly lethal pathogen that impacts humans and horses. The study primarily revolved around creating this vaccine using Canarypox recombinant vectors and testing its efficacy on hamsters and ponies.

Summary of Research

In this study, the researchers aimed to:

  • Create a low-cost efficient vaccine for Hendra virus (HeV), a dangerous pathogen that induces severe respiratory illness encephalitis in humans and horses.
  • Use Canarypox recombinant vectors that express HeV glycoproteins, attachment glycoprotein (G) and fusion protein (F), for the vaccine preparation.

Research Methodology and Findings

The methodologies applied and findings involved in this research include:

  • Using the developed vaccine to immunize hamsters, which were later exposed to HeV.
  • Noting that a greater dose of the vaccine effectively prevented the excretion of the virus and defended the creatures from developing the disease or succumbing to the diseases caused by the virus.
  • Observing that the vaccine induced the production of seroneutralising antibodies, which served to neutralize the effects of the virus, and prevented changes in animal tissues caused by the virus.
  • Interestingly, some vaccinated animals were saved even without observable specific antibodies, hinting at the onset of an efficient virus-specific cellular immunity.
  • Finally, ponies that received the vaccine following the same methodology for hamsters developed robust seroneutralising antibodies against HeV and the closely associated pathogen, Nipah virus. This suggests that this vaccine has potential cross-protection against Henipavirus infection.

Conclusions of the Research

The research concludes with:

  • The data implies that the Canarypox-based vehicle encoding for HeV glycoproteins offers a promising new vaccine candidate for preventing infection and virus shedding in the deadly HeV.
  • The potential cross-protection offered by the vaccine indicates a broader protective scope against related viruses.

Cite This Article

APA
Guillaume-Vasselin V, Lemaitre L, Dhondt KP, Tedeschi L, Poulard A, Charreyre C, Horvat B. (2016). Protection from Hendra virus infection with Canarypox recombinant vaccine. NPJ Vaccines, 1, 16003. https://doi.org/10.1038/npjvaccines.2016.3

Publication

NPJ vaccines
ISSN: 2059-0105
NlmUniqueID: 101699863
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 1
Pages: 16003

Researcher Affiliations

Guillaume-Vasselin, Vanessa
  • CIRI, International Center for Infectiology Research, Lyon, France.
  • Inserm, U1111, Lyon, France.
  • CNRS, UMR5308, Lyon, France.
  • Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
  • Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France.
Lemaitre, Laurent
  • R.E. Merial, SAS, Lyon, France.
Dhondt, Kévin P
  • CIRI, International Center for Infectiology Research, Lyon, France.
  • Inserm, U1111, Lyon, France.
  • CNRS, UMR5308, Lyon, France.
  • Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
  • Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France.
Tedeschi, Laurence
  • R.E. Merial, SAS, Lyon, France.
Poulard, Amelie
  • R.E. Merial, SAS, Lyon, France.
Charreyre, Catherine
  • R.E. Merial, SAS, Lyon, France.
Horvat, Branka
  • CIRI, International Center for Infectiology Research, Lyon, France.
  • Inserm, U1111, Lyon, France.
  • CNRS, UMR5308, Lyon, France.
  • Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
  • Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 11 times.
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