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Journal of equine veterinary science2021; 103; 103682; doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103682

Relationship Between Body Mass and the Hoof Area: Understanding the Turner’s Formula.

Abstract: The equine hoof balance has been the subject of several studies, reflecting the importance of hooves for the good health and performance of these animals. An important condition for the hooves health is its loading, where too much weight in a small area can increase the chances of lameness. Therefore, an equation has been proposed to identify the relationship between body mass and hoof size and has been used in several studies. However, a clear description of how it was developed and what its results really indicate is not available in the literature. In light of this, this article aims to describe this Turner's equation and propose modifications to better characterize the body mass to hoof size ratio for fore- and hindlimbs.
Publication Date: 2021-06-12 PubMed ID: 34281650DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103682Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
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  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

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This research article focuses on examining the Turner’s equation, a formula used to determine the relationship between an equine’s body mass and hoof size, and proposing modifications for a better characterization for fore- and hindlimbs.

Understanding Turner’s Formula

The main focus of this paper is Turner’s Formula, an equation used extensively in research studies involving equine welfare. This formula evaluates the proportional relationship between an equine’s body mass and hoof size. The primary use for this equation is to determine appropriate load balancing on the hooves to ensure the animal’s optimal health and prevent lameness.

  • It’s emphasised that an overburdened hoof area is a risk factor leading to lameness in equines, making this equation a critical tool in their welfare.
  • The formula’s development and interpretation, however, are not clearly described in literature, prompting the authors to dissect it further in this research.

Proposed Modifications to Turner’s Formula

The bulk of the article involves modifying Turner’s formula to more accurately depict the relationship between an equine’s body mass and its hoof area, particularly for the fore- and hindlimbs.

  • The article proposes changes to accommodate the anatomical differences between the fore- and hindlimbs of equines, enhancing the accuracy of the formula in calculating hoof loading estimates.
  • This could lead to more precise strategies for hoof care and treatment, reducing the risk of lameness and enhancing overall equine health and performance.

Implications of Study

The reevaluation and modification of Turner’s formula present significant implications in the field of animal science, particularly equine health.

  • The adjusted formula, focusing on both fore- and hindlimbs, can help researchers and caregivers accurately estimate hoof loading, enabling more effective treatment strategies.
  • By improving understanding of this equation, the study contributes to the ongoing efforts in the prevention of lameness and other hoof-related health issues in equines.
  • Ultimately, these findings advance our understanding of the relationship between body mass and hoof area in equines, informing better practices in equine health and treatment planning.

Cite This Article

APA
Souza AF, Souza Junior AA. (2021). Relationship Between Body Mass and the Hoof Area: Understanding the Turner’s Formula. J Equine Vet Sci, 103, 103682. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103682

Publication

ISSN: 0737-0806
NlmUniqueID: 8216840
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 103
Pages: 103682
PII: S0737-0806(21)00312-9

Researcher Affiliations

Souza, Anderson Fernando de
  • Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: anderson.fs@usp.br.
Souza Junior, Abelino Anacleto de
  • Agroveterinary Sciences Center, Santa Catarina State University, Lages, SC, Brazil. Electronic address: abelinosji@hotmail.com.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Extremities
  • Gait
  • Hindlimb
  • Hoof and Claw
  • Horse Diseases
  • Horses
  • Movement Disorders / veterinary

Citations

This article has been cited 1 times.
  1. Phannithi T, Laikul A, Pathomsakulwong W, Rungsri P, Apichaimongkonkun T, Watchrarat K, Cherdchutham W. External Hoof Measurements of Untrimmed and Unshod Mules in Northern Thailand. Animals (Basel) 2024 Apr 16;14(8).
    doi: 10.3390/ani14081197pubmed: 38672345google scholar: lookup