Analyze Diet
Journal of clinical medicine2019; 8(5); doi: 10.3390/jcm8050675

Stem Cells in Equine Veterinary Practice-Current Trends, Risks, and Perspectives.

Abstract: With this Editorial, we introduce the Special Issue "Adipose-Derived Stem Cells and Their Extracellular Microvesicles (ExMVs) for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Applications" to the scientific community. In this issue, we focus on regenerative medicine, stem cells, and their clinical application.
Publication Date: 2019-05-14 PubMed ID: 31091732PubMed Central: PMC6572129DOI: 10.3390/jcm8050675Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
  • Editorial

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article discusses the current trends, risks, and perspectives of using stem cells in equine veterinary practice, with a focus on regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications of adipose-derived stem cells and their extracellular microvesicles.

Overview of the Article

  • The study introduces the special issue on adipose-derived stem cells and their extracellular microvesicles (ExMVs) and their use for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. It brings together research contributions that aim to advance our understanding of stem cells, their use in various applications and associated risks in equine veterinary medicine.
  • This special issue highlights the importance of stem cells, specifically adipose-derived stem cells, within the sphere of veterinary practice, specifically in horses. It explores their potential in regenerative medicine – a field that focuses on the repair and growth of damaged or destroyed tissue.

Trends in Stem Cell usage in Equine Veterinary Practice

  • The article delves into the modern trends in the utilization of stem cells within veterinary practice on horses. Stem cells carry the potential to transform into different types of cells, opening the scope for a wide array of therapeutic applications including treatment of various injuries and diseases.
  • Adipose-derived stem cells, in particular, are gaining momentum in this field due to their scalability and versatility. This type of stem cell is relatively easy to obtain and has shown to be effective in tissue repair and regenerative medicine.

The Role of Extracellular Microvesicles (ExMVs)

  • Extracellular microvesicles (ExMVs) are also a focal point in the article. They are tiny vesicles that are released by cells and play crucial roles in intercellular communication. The paper explores the role of ExMVs in stem cell-aided regenerative medicine and how they could potentially enhance the efficacy of stem cell treatments.

Assessing the Risks and Perspectives

  • Despite the promising trends and applications, the article underscores the importance of considering the potential risks associated with stem cell treatments. It urges the scientific community to undertake continued evaluation and study to ensure safe and effective usage.
  • The article also discusses future perspectives on the use of stem cells in equine veterinary medicine. As research advances, it is expected to bring new insights and broaden the horizons of stem cell therapy in the treatment of various equine ailments.

Cite This Article

APA
Kornicka K, Geburek F, Röcken M, Marycz K. (2019). Stem Cells in Equine Veterinary Practice-Current Trends, Risks, and Perspectives. J Clin Med, 8(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8050675

Publication

ISSN: 2077-0383
NlmUniqueID: 101606588
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 8
Issue: 5

Researcher Affiliations

Kornicka, Katarzyna
  • Department of Experimental Biology, The Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland. kornicka.katarzyna@gmail.com.
  • International Institute of Translational Medicine, Malin, Jesionowa 11, 55-114 Wisznia Mała, Poland. kornicka.katarzyna@gmail.com.
Geburek, Florian
  • Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Equine Clinic-Equine Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392 Giessen, Germany. florian.geburek@vetmed.uni-giessen.de.
Röcken, Michael
  • Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Equine Clinic-Equine Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392 Giessen, Germany. michael.roecken@vetmed.uni-giessen.de.
Marycz, Krzysztof
  • Department of Experimental Biology, The Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland. krzysztofmarycz@interia.pl.
  • International Institute of Translational Medicine, Malin, Jesionowa 11, 55-114 Wisznia Mała, Poland. krzysztofmarycz@interia.pl.
  • Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Equine Clinic-Equine Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392 Giessen, Germany. krzysztofmarycz@interia.pl.

Grant Funding

  • 2016/21/B/NZ7/01111 / Narodowe Centrum Nauki

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

References

This article includes 49 references
  1. Fortier L.A., Travis A.J.. Stem cells in veterinary medicine.. Stem Cell Res. Ther. 2011;2:9.
    doi: 10.1186/scrt50pmc: PMC3092149pubmed: 21371354google scholar: lookup
  2. Markoski M.M.. Advances in the use of stem cells in veterinary medicine: From basic research to clinical practice.. Scientifica 2016;2016:4516920.
    doi: 10.1155/2016/4516920pmc: PMC4917716pubmed: 27379197google scholar: lookup
  3. Wei X., Yang X., Han Z., Qu F., Shao L., Shi Y.. Mesenchymal stem cells: A new trend for cell therapy.. Acta Pharmacol. Sin. 2013;34:747–754.
    doi: 10.1038/aps.2013.50pmc: PMC4002895pubmed: 23736003google scholar: lookup
  4. Bertuglia A., Bullone M., Rossotto F., Gasparini M.. Epidemiology of musculoskeletal injuries in a population of harness Standardbred racehorses in training.. BMC Vet. Res. 2014;10:11.
    doi: 10.1186/1746-6148-10-11pmc: PMC3922780pubmed: 24410888google scholar: lookup
  5. Ding D.-C., Shyu W.-C., Lin S.-Z.. Mesenchymal stem cells.. Cell Transplant. 2011;20:5–14.
    doi: 10.3727/096368910Xpubmed: 21396235google scholar: lookup
  6. Longhini A.L.F., Salazar T.E., Vieira C., Trinh T., Duan Y., Pay L.M., Li Calzi S., Losh M., Johnston N.A., Xie H.. Peripheral blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells demonstrate immunomodulatory potential for therapeutic use in horses.. PLoS ONE 2019;14:e0212642.
  7. Caplan A.I.. Mesenchymal stem cells.. J. Orthop. Res. Off. Publ. Orthop. Res. Soc. 1991;9:641–650.
    doi: 10.1002/jor.1100090504pubmed: 1870029google scholar: lookup
  8. Richardson L.E., Dudhia J., Clegg P.D., Smith R.. Stem cells in veterinary medicine—Attempts at regenerating equine tendon after injury.. Trends Biotechnol. 2007;25:409–416.
    doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2007.07.009pubmed: 17692415google scholar: lookup
  9. Smith R.K.W., Werling N.J., Dakin S.G., Alam R., Goodship A.E., Dudhia J.. Beneficial effects of autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in naturally occurring tendinopathy.. PLoS ONE 2013;8:e75697.
  10. Conze P., van Schie H.T.M., van Weeren R., Staszyk C., Conrad S., Skutella T., Hopster K., Rohn K., Stadler P., Geburek F.. Effect of autologous adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells on neovascularization of artificial equine tendon lesions.. Regen. Med. 2014;9:743–757.
    doi: 10.2217/rme.14.55pubmed: 25431911google scholar: lookup
  11. Lombana K.G., Goodrich L.R., Phillips J.N., Kisiday J.D., Ruple-Czerniak A., McIlwraith C.W.. An investigation of equine mesenchymal stem cell characteristics from different harvest sites: More similar than not.. Front. Vet. Sci. 2015;2.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2015.00067pmc: PMC4672231pubmed: 26664993google scholar: lookup
  12. Durgam S., Stewart M.. Evidence Supporting Intralesional Stem Cell Therapy to Improve Equine Flexor Tendon Healing.. Vet. Evid. 2017;2:67.
    doi: 10.18849/ve.v2i1.50google scholar: lookup
  13. Taylor S.E., Smith R.K.W., Clegg P.D.. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy in equine musculoskeletal disease: Scientific fact or clinical fiction?. Equine Vet. J. 2007;39:172–180.
    doi: 10.2746/042516407X180868pubmed: 17378447google scholar: lookup
  14. Torrent A., Spriet M., Espinosa-Mur P., Clark K.C., Whitcomb M.B., Borjesson D.L., Galuppo L.D.. Ultrasound-guided injection of the cranial tibial artery for stem cell administration in horses.. Equine Vet. J. 2019.
    doi: 10.1111/evj.13065pubmed: 30623489google scholar: lookup
  15. Ahrberg A.B., Horstmeier C., Berner D., Brehm W., Gittel C., Hillmann A., Josten C., Rossi G., Schubert S., Winter K.. Effects of mesenchymal stromal cells versus serum on tendon healing in a controlled experimental trial in an equine model.. BMC Musculoskelet. Disord. 2018;19:230.
    doi: 10.1186/s12891-018-2163-ypmc: PMC6052633pubmed: 30021608google scholar: lookup
  16. Del Bue M., Riccò S., Ramoni R., Conti V., Gnudi G., Grolli S.. Equine adipose-tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells and platelet concentrates: Their association in vitro and in vivo.. Vet. Res. Commun. 2008;32:S51–S55.
    doi: 10.1007/s11259-008-9093-3pubmed: 18683070google scholar: lookup
  17. Carvalho A.M., Badial P.R., Álvarez L.E.C., Yamada A.L.M., Borges A.S., Deffune E., Hussni C.A., Garcia Alves A.L.. Equine tendonitis therapy using mesenchymal stem cells and platelet concentrates: A randomized controlled trial.. Stem Cell Res. Ther. 2013;4:85.
    doi: 10.1186/scrt236pmc: PMC3854756pubmed: 23876512google scholar: lookup
  18. Nawrocka D., Kornicka K., Szydlarska J., Marycz K.. Basic fibroblast growth factor inhibits apoptosis and promotes proliferation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells isolated from patients with type 2 diabetes by reducing cellular oxidative stress.. Oxid. Med. Cell Longev. 2017;2017:3027109.
    pmc: PMC5267085pubmed: 28168007
  19. Kornicka K., Marycz K., Tomaszewski K.A., Marędziak M., Śmieszek A.. The effect of age on osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potential of human adipose derived stromal stem cells (hASCs) and the impact of stress factors in the course of the differentiation process.. Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev. 2015;2015:309169.
    doi: 10.1155/2015/309169pmc: PMC4515302pubmed: 26246868google scholar: lookup
  20. Marędziak M., Marycz K., Tomaszewski K.A., Kornicka K., Henry B.M.. The influence of aging on the regenerative potential of human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells.. Stem Cells Int. 2016;2016:2152435.
    doi: 10.1155/2016/2152435pmc: PMC4749808pubmed: 26941800google scholar: lookup
  21. Kornicka K., Houston J., Marycz K.. Dysfunction of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetic patients as result of oxidative stress and autophagy may limit their potential therapeutic use.. Stem Cell Rev. Rep. 2018;14:337–345.
    doi: 10.1007/s12015-018-9809-xpmc: PMC5960487pubmed: 29611042google scholar: lookup
  22. Nawrocka D., Kornicka K., Śmieszek A., Marycz K.. Spirulina platensis improves mitochondrial function impaired by elevated oxidative stress in adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ASCs) and intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), and enhances insulin sensitivity in equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) horses.. Mar. Drugs. 2017;15:237.
    doi: 10.3390/md15080237pmc: PMC5577592pubmed: 28771165google scholar: lookup
  23. Kornicka K., Marycz K., Marędziak M., Tomaszewski K.A., Nicpoń J.. The effects of the DNA methyltranfserases inhibitor 5-Azacitidine on ageing, oxidative stress and DNA methylation of adipose derived stem cells.. J. Cell. Mol. Med. 2017;21:387–401.
    doi: 10.1111/jcmm.12972pmc: PMC5264131pubmed: 27998022google scholar: lookup
  24. Barrachina L., Romero A., Zaragoza P., Rodellar C., Vázquez F.J.. Practical considerations for clinical use of mesenchymal stem cells: From the laboratory to the horse.. Vet. J. 2018;238:49–57.
    doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2018.07.004pubmed: 30103915google scholar: lookup
  25. Sensebé L., Gadelorge M., Fleury-Cappellesso S.. Production of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells according to good manufacturing practices: A review.. Stem Cell Res. Ther. 2013;4:66.
    doi: 10.1186/scrt217pmc: PMC3707032pubmed: 23751270google scholar: lookup
  26. Teshima T., Matsumoto H., Michishita M., Matsuoka A., Shiba M., Nagashima T., Koyama H.. Allogenic adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate acute hepatic injury in dogs.. Stem Cells Int. 2017;2017:3892514.
    doi: 10.1155/2017/3892514pmc: PMC5763137pubmed: 29445402google scholar: lookup
  27. Broeckx S., Suls M., Beerts C., Vandenberghe A., Seys B., Wuertz-Kozak K., Duchateau L., Spaas J.H.. Allogenic mesenchymal stem cells as a treatment for equine degenerative joint disease: A pilot study.. Curr. Stem Cell Res. Ther. 2014;9:497–503.
  28. Chamberlain G., Fox J., Ashton B., Middleton J.. Concise review: Mesenchymal stem cells: Their phenotype, differentiation capacity, immunological features, and potential for homing.. Stem Cells 2007;25:2739–2749.
    doi: 10.1634/stemcells.2007-0197pubmed: 17656645google scholar: lookup
  29. Pigott J.H., Ishihara A., Wellman M.L., Russell D.S., Bertone A.L.. Inflammatory effects of autologous, genetically modified autologous, allogeneic, and xenogeneic mesenchymal stem cells after intra-articular injection in horses.. Vet. Comp. Orthop. Traumatol. 2013;26:453–460.
    pubmed: 24080668
  30. Joswig A.-J., Mitchell A., Cummings K.J., Levine G.J., Gregory C.A., Smith R., Watts A.E.. Repeated intra-articular injection of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells causes an adverse response compared to autologous cells in the equine model.. Stem Cell Res. Ther. 2017;8:42.
    doi: 10.1186/s13287-017-0503-8pmc: PMC5329965pubmed: 28241885google scholar: lookup
  31. Haque N., Kasim N.H.A., Rahman M.T.. Optimization of pre-transplantation conditions to enhance the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells.. Int. J. Biol. Sci. 2015;11:324–334.
    doi: 10.7150/ijbs.10567pmc: PMC4323372pubmed: 25678851google scholar: lookup
  32. Gattegno-Ho D., Argyle S.-A., Argyle D.J.. Stem cells and veterinary medicine: Tools to understand diseases and enable tissue regeneration and drug discovery.. Vet. J. Lond. Engl. 2012;191:19–27.
    doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2011.08.007pubmed: 21958722google scholar: lookup
  33. Bi S., Nie Q., Wang W.-Q., Zhu Y.-L., Ma X.-M., Wang C.-M., Zhang B.-C., Li H.-Y., Zhang Q., Chen G.. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells therapy for insulin resistance: A novel strategy in clinical implication.. Curr. Stem Cell Res. Ther. 2018;13:658–664.
  34. Gao L.R., Zhang N.K., Zhang Y., Chen Y., Wang L., Zhu Y., Tang H.H.. Overexpression of Apelin in Wharton’ jelly mesenchymal stem cell reverses insulin resistance and promotes pancreatic β cell proliferation in type 2 diabetic rats.. Stem Cell Res. Ther. 2018;9:339.
    doi: 10.1186/s13287-018-1084-xpmc: PMC6286553pubmed: 30526660google scholar: lookup
  35. Marycz K., Kornicka K., Grzesiak J., Śmieszek A., Szłapka J.. Macroautophagy and selective mitophagy ameliorate chondrogenic differentiation potential in adipose stem cells of equine metabolic syndrome: New findings in the field of progenitor cells differentiation.. Oxid. Med. Cell Longev. 2016;2016:3718468.
    doi: 10.1155/2016/3718468pmc: PMC5178365pubmed: 28053691google scholar: lookup
  36. Marycz K., Kornicka K., Marędziak M., Golonka P., Nicpoń J.. Equine metabolic syndrome impairs adipose stem cells osteogenic differentiation by predominance of autophagy over selective mitophagy.. J. Cell. Mol. Med. 2016;20:2384–2404.
    doi: 10.1111/jcmm.12932pmc: PMC5134411pubmed: 27629697google scholar: lookup
  37. Marycz K., Kornicka K., Basinska K., Czyrek A.. Equine metabolic syndrome affects viability, senescence, and stress factors of equine adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal stem cells: New insight into EqASCs isolated from EMS horses in the context of their aging.. Oxid. Med. Cell Longev. 2016;2016:4710326.
    doi: 10.1155/2016/4710326pmc: PMC4670679pubmed: 26682006google scholar: lookup
  38. Marycz K., Kornicka K., Szlapka-Kosarzewska J., Weiss C.. Excessive endoplasmic reticulum stress correlates with impaired mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy and apoptosis, in liver and adipose tissue, but not in muscles in EMS horses.. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018;19:165.
    doi: 10.3390/ijms19010165pmc: PMC5796114pubmed: 29316632google scholar: lookup
  39. Kornicka K., Szłapka-Kosarzewska J., Śmieszek A., Marycz K.. 5-Azacytydine and resveratrol reverse senescence and ageing of adipose stem cells via modulation of mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy.. J. Cell. Mol. Med. 2019;23:237–259.
    doi: 10.1111/jcmm.13914pmc: PMC6307768pubmed: 30370650google scholar: lookup
  40. Kornicka K., Śmieszek A., Węgrzyn A.S., Röcken M., Marycz K.. Immunomodulatory properties of adipose-derived stem cells treated with 5-azacytydine and resveratrol on peripheral blood mononuclear cells and macrophages in metabolic syndrome animals.. J. Clin. Med. 2018;7:383.
    doi: 10.3390/jcm7110383pmc: PMC6262510pubmed: 30356025google scholar: lookup
  41. Marycz K., Kornicka K., Irwin-Houston J.M., Weiss C.. Combination of resveratrol and 5-azacytydine improves osteogenesis of metabolic syndrome mesenchymal stem cells.. J. Cell. Mol. Med. 2018;22:4771–4793.
    doi: 10.1111/jcmm.13731pmc: PMC6156237pubmed: 29999247google scholar: lookup
  42. Geburek F., Mundle K., Conrad S., Hellige M., Walliser U., van Schie H.T.M., van Weeren R., Skutella T., Stadler P.M.. Tracking of autologous adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells with in vivo magnetic resonance imaging and histology after intralesional treatment of artificial equine tendon lesions—A pilot study.. Stem Cell Res. Ther. 2016;7:21.
    doi: 10.1186/s13287-016-0281-8pmc: PMC4736260pubmed: 26830812google scholar: lookup
  43. Guest D.J., Smith M.R.W., Allen W.R.. Monitoring the fate of autologous and allogeneic mesenchymal progenitor cells injected into the superficial digital flexor tendon of horses: Preliminary study.. Equine Vet. J. 2008;40:178–181.
    doi: 10.2746/042516408X276942pubmed: 18267891google scholar: lookup
  44. Vizoso F.J., Eiro N., Cid S., Schneider J., Perez-Fernandez R.. Mesenchymal stem cell secretome: Toward cell-free therapeutic strategies in regenerative medicine.. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017;18:1852.
    doi: 10.3390/ijms18091852pmc: PMC5618501pubmed: 28841158google scholar: lookup
  45. Klymiuk M.C., Balz N., Elashry M.I., Heimann M., Wenisch S., Arnhold S.. Exosomes isolation and identification from equine mesenchymal stem cells.. BMC Vet. Res. 2019;15:42.
    doi: 10.1186/s12917-019-1789-9pmc: PMC6348641pubmed: 30691449google scholar: lookup
  46. Akyurekli C., Le Y., Richardson R.B., Fergusson D., Tay J., Allan D.S.. A Systematic review of preclinical studies on the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived microvesicles.. Stem Cell Rev. Rep. 2015;11:150–160.
    doi: 10.1007/s12015-014-9545-9pubmed: 25091427google scholar: lookup
  47. Wang X., Omar O., Vazirisani F., Thomsen P., Ekström K.. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes have altered microRNA profiles and induce osteogenic differentiation depending on the stage of differentiation.. PLoS ONE 2018;13:e0193059.
  48. Biancone L., Bruno S., Deregibus M.C., Tetta C., Camussi G.. Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell-derived microvesicles.. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 2012;27:3037–3042.
    doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfs168pubmed: 22851627google scholar: lookup
  49. Gong M., Yu B., Wang J., Wang Y., Liu M., Paul C., Millard R.W., Xiao D.-S., Ashraf M., Xu M.. Mesenchymal stem cells release exosomes that transfer miRNAs to endothelial cells and promote angiogenesis.. Oncotarget 2017;8:45200–45212.
    doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.16778pmc: PMC5542178pubmed: 28423355google scholar: lookup

Citations

This article has been cited 3 times.
  1. Kowalczuk A, Marycz K, Kornicka-Garbowska K, Kornicka J, Bujalska-Zadrożny M, Groborz S. Cannabidiol (CBD) Protects Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (ASCs) against Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Development and Its Complications. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 Aug 31;19(17).
    doi: 10.3390/ijerph191710864pubmed: 36078578google scholar: lookup
  2. Trachsel DS, Stage HJ, Rausch S, Trappe S, Söllig K, Sponder G, Merle R, Aschenbach JR, Gehlen H. Comparison of Sources and Methods for the Isolation of Equine Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal/Stem Cells and Preliminary Results on Their Reaction to Incubation with 5-Azacytidine. Animals (Basel) 2022 Aug 11;12(16).
    doi: 10.3390/ani12162049pubmed: 36009640google scholar: lookup
  3. Ribitsch I, Oreff GL, Jenner F. Regenerative Medicine for Equine Musculoskeletal Diseases. Animals (Basel) 2021 Jan 19;11(1).
    doi: 10.3390/ani11010234pubmed: 33477808google scholar: lookup