[Structure and clinical implications of the coronary horn stratification with special consideration of horn maturation, aging and decay processes in the equine hoof].

The research examines the structure, aging, and decay processes of the equine hoof, specifically focusing on the three layers of the coronet and their importance for pressure absorption and distribution. The study also advocates for regular professional hoof trimming and improved stable hygiene as preventive measures for hoof diseases.

Research Methodology

• The study was conducted with 56 fore hooves from 28 domestic horses of varying ages and sexes. The researchers specifically chose horses whose hooves did not show any signs of pathological changes to have a clear and accurate study base.
• The research involved analyzing the structure of the coronet and carrying out mechanical-physical measurements of the horn hardness. These processes aimed to gather in-depth information on the functional and clinical importance of the coronet’s three layers.

Findings

• The researchers found that the coronet, which is composed of tubular and intertubular horn, plays a critical role in absorbing and distributing horizontal and vertical pressure. It also aids in the elastic fixation of the coffin bone’s suspensory apparatus to the inner spongy stratum medium.
• Aging processes were evident through visible clefts, noticeably distal of the crest of the coffin bone, where horn hardness decreases.
• In terms of decay, the medullar horn was found to decay faster in specific regions, creating an environment for ascending infections, especially in the white line area, which leads to “White Line Disease”.
• The phenomenon of the “Hollow Wall”, which likely results from disruptive pathological changes spreading through the different horn layers, was also noted.

Recommendations

• Based on their findings, the researchers concluded that regular and professional trimming of the hoof can help prevent diseases like “White Line Disease”.
• Improving stable hygiene and ensuring an adequate nutritional supply of minerals and vitamins can enhance these measures.
• Properly managed measures also have additional benefits, such as improving pododermal blood circulation and aiding with orthokeratotic cornification.