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Home / Equine Research Bank / Front Vet Sci / Studies on Age-Related Changes in Equine Cheek Teeth Angulat...
Frontiers in veterinary science2022; 8; 804061; doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.804061

Studies on Age-Related Changes in Equine Cheek Teeth Angulation and Dental Drift.

Abstract: Cheek teeth (second through fourth premolars and first through third molars) diastema is a common and painful equine disorder caused by the absence of effective tight interdental contact between these teeth. Limited objective information is available on the angulation of equine cheek teeth that control dental drift or on mesial or distal equine cheek teeth drift that should normally prevent this disorder. Objective: To measure the angulation of the mesial and distal cheek teeth in horses of different ages, quantify age-related cheek teeth mesial and distal dental drift, and measure the cheek teeth row length in horses of different ages. Methods: Retrospective review of computed tomographic images of equine heads. Methods: Case details and CT images from clinical equine cases that had undergone standing CT head examination were collated.Three sets of measurements were acquired from each head. "Head size" calculated as the distance between the caudal aspect of the orbit and the caudal aspect of the naso-incisive notch was used to standardize measurements in different sized heads. The length of the cheek teeth rows measured from the mesial aspect of the Triadan 06 occlusal surface to the distal aspect of the Triadan 11 occlusal surface. The rostro-caudal (antero-posterior) position and angulation of the mandibular and maxillary Triadan 06 and 11 teeth were measured in relation to reference lines drawn on CT images. Results: Significant mesial drift occurred in the maxillary and mandibular Triadan 11s. Despite their distal angulation, the upper and lower Triadan 06s also drifted mesially. The mean angulation of Triadan 06 and 11 mandibular teeth (17.8 and 26.2°, respectively) was almost double that of maxillary teeth (9.2 and 13.3°, respectively) with both Triadan 11s having greater angulation than the 06s. Cheek teeth angulation only significantly decreased in the mandibular 06s. Cheek teeth arcade lengths decreased with age, but these decreases were not significant. Conclusions: Limitations include the relatively small sample size. Conclusions: In the population of horses used for this study, age related mesial drift occurred in both Triadan 06 and 11s, and the angulation of these teeth did not decrease with age in most arcades.
Copyright © 2022 Liuti, Daniel, Dixon and Reardon.
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Publication Date: 2022-02-15 PubMed ID: 35242831PubMed Central: PMC8885601DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.804061Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article investigates how the angles and drift of cheek teeth in horses change as they age. The study used computed tomographic (CT) images to measure these variations, and found significant drift in some teeth, and a noticeable difference in angulation between upper and lower teeth.

Research Purpose and Objective

  • The study aims to explore the angulation and drift of equine cheek teeth at different ages. Specifically, it seeks to measure the angles of the mesial and distal cheek teeth, quantify the dental drift, and assess the length of the cheek teeth rows in horses of various ages.

Methods Applied

  • The researchers conducted a retrospective examination of CT scans of equine heads.
  • Case details and CT images came from clinical equine cases that had previously gone through standing CT head tests.
  • The team acquired three sets of measurements from each head. They standardized the measurements for different head sizes by calculating the “head size” from the distance between the caudal aspect of the orbit and the naso-incisive notch.
  • They determined the length of the teeth rows from the mesial aspect of the Triadan 06 occlusal surface to the distal aspect of the Triadan 11 occlusal surface.
  • The position and angulation of the mandibular and maxillary Triadan 06 and 11 teeth were measured, relative to the reference lines drawn on the CT images.

Primary Findings

  • Significant mesial drift was detected in the maxillary and mandibular Triadan 11 teeth, even with their distal angulation; and the upper and lower Triadan 06 teeth also drifted mesially.
  • The mean angulation of Triadan 06 and 11 mandibular teeth was nearly twice that of the maxillary teeth, and teeth with a higher number (Triadan 11) had more angulation than the lower numbered teeth (Triadan 06).
  • Decrease in cheek teeth angulation was only significant in the mandibular 06 teeth.
  • Lengths of the cheek teeth arcades dropped with age, but these decreases were not significant.

Conclusions

  • The study was limited by a relatively small sample size. However, the results showed the occurrence of age-related mesial drift in both the Triadan 06 and 11 teeth in the sample population of horses.
  • The study also concluded that the angulation of these teeth did not decrease with age in most arcades.

Cite This Article

APA
Liuti T, Daniel CR, Dixon PM, Reardon RJM. (2022). Studies on Age-Related Changes in Equine Cheek Teeth Angulation and Dental Drift. Front Vet Sci, 8, 804061. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.804061

Publication

Frontiers in veterinary science
ISSN: 2297-1769
NlmUniqueID: 101666658
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 8
Pages: 804061
PII: 804061

Researcher Affiliations

Liuti, Tiziana
  • Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Daniel, Carola R
  • Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Dixon, Padraic Martin
  • Independent Researcher, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Reardon, Richard J M
  • Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The handling editor declared a past co-authorship with one of the authors PD.

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