Transoesophageal ultrasound and computer tomographic assessment of the equine cricoarytenoid dorsalis muscle: Relationship between muscle geometry and exercising laryngeal function.
Abstract: Early detection of recurrent laryngeal neuropathy (RLN) is of considerable interest to the equine industry. Objective: To describe two imaging modalities, transoesophageal ultrasound (TEU) and computed tomography (CT) with multiplanar reconstruction to assess laryngeal muscle geometry, and determine the relationship between cricoarytenoid dorsalis (CAD) geometry and function. Methods: Two-phase study evaluating CAD geometry in experimental horses and horses with naturally occurring RLN. Methods: Equine CAD muscle volume was determined from CT scan sets using volumetric reconstruction with LiveWire. The midbody and caudal dorsal-ventral thickness of the CAD muscle was determined using a TEU in the same horses; and in horses with a range of severity of RLN (n = 112). Results: Transoesophageal ultrasound was able to readily image the CAD muscles and lower left:right CAD thickness ratios were observed with increasing disease severity. Computed tomography based muscle volume correlated very closely with ex vivo muscle volume (R = 0.77). Conclusions: Computed tomography reconstruction can accurately determine intrinsic laryngeal muscle geometry. A relationship between TEU measurements of CAD geometry and laryngeal function was established. These imaging techniques could be used to track the response of the CAD muscle to restorative surgical treatments such as nerve muscle pedicle graft, nerve anastomosis and functional electrical stimulation.
© 2016 EVJ Ltd.
Publication Date: 2016-02-26 PubMed ID: 26709115DOI: 10.1111/evj.12561Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The research article discusses the application of two imaging techniques, transoesophageal ultrasound (TEU) and computed tomography (CT), to assess the geometry of the equine cricoarytenoid dorsalis (CAD) muscle and its connection with laryngeal function. The study especially focuses on its relevance in the early detection of recurrent laryngeal neuropathy (RLN), a common ailment in horses.
Methods
- The experiment conducted a twofold study that examined the CAD geometry in both experimental horses and horses with naturally occurring RLN.
- The volume of the equine CAD muscle was gauged using CT scan sets along with volumetric reconstruction via a system called LiveWire.
- The thickness of the midbody and the caudal dorsal-ventral portions of the CAD muscle were tested using a transoesophageal ultrasound in the same set of horses, plus an additional category consisting horses of varying RLN severity (n = 112).
Results
- The TEU technique could effectively image the CAD muscles, displaying lower left to right thickness ratios correlated with increasing severity of the disease.
- The muscle volume based on CT showed a close correlation with the volume of the ex vivo muscle (R = 0.77).
Conclusions
- According to the results of the study, volumetric reconstruction via CT scan is a reliable method to accurately determine the intrinsic laryngeal muscle geometry.
- A relationship between TEU measurements of the CAD muscle geometry and the function of the larynx has been successfully established.
- These imaging methods could have potential application in tracking the therapeutic response of the CAD muscle to restorative surgical treatments, such as nerve muscle pedicle graft, nerve anastomosis and functional electrical stimulation.
Cite This Article
APA
Kenny M, Cercone M, Rawlinson JJ, Ducharme NG, Bookbinder L, Thompson M, Cheetham J.
(2016).
Transoesophageal ultrasound and computer tomographic assessment of the equine cricoarytenoid dorsalis muscle: Relationship between muscle geometry and exercising laryngeal function.
Equine Vet J, 49(3), 395-400.
https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.12561 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
- Medtronic Spinal, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Female
- Horse Diseases / diagnosis
- Horse Diseases / diagnostic imaging
- Horses
- Laryngeal Muscles / diagnostic imaging
- Laryngeal Nerve Injuries / diagnosis
- Laryngeal Nerve Injuries / veterinary
- Laryngeal Nerves / anatomy & histology
- Male
- Muscle, Skeletal / anatomy & histology
- Physical Conditioning, Animal
- Tomography, X-Ray Computed
- Ultrasonography / methods
- Ultrasonography / veterinary
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Martin-Flores M, Sakai DM, Cheetham J. Quantitative assessment of progressive laryngeal hemiplegia in a 4-year-old beagle.. Vet Rec Case Rep 2022 Mar;10(1).
- Draper ACE, Piercy RJ. Pathological classification of equine recurrent laryngeal neuropathy.. J Vet Intern Med 2018 Jul;32(4):1397-1409.
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