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Equine veterinary journal.
Publisher:
Equine Veterinary Journal, Ltd. Hobokken, NJ : Wiley (2009)
Frequency: 8 issues per year, 2009-
Country: United States
Language: English
Author(s):
British Equine Veterinary Association.
Start Year:1968 -
ISSN:
0425-1644 (Print)
2042-3306 (Electronic)
0425-1644 (Linking)
2042-3306 (Electronic)
0425-1644 (Linking)
Impact Factor
2.2
2022
| NLM ID: | 173320 |
| (DNLM): | E11740000(s) |
| (OCoLC): | 01568146 |
| Coden: | EQVJAI |
| LCCN: | sn 83005310 |
| Classification: | W1 EQ967 |
Observations on the isoenzymes of aspartate aminotransferase in equine tissues and serum. The distribution of the isoenzymes of aspartate aminotransferase (AST, E.C. 2.6.1.1.) in equine tissues has been studied to ascertain whether the organ of origin may be identified when the total AST activity of serum is raised. Most tissues contain 3 isoenzymes of cytoplasmic origin (cAST) with isoelectric points of 5.6, 5.7 and 5.9, and one isoenzyme of mitochondrial (mAST) origin with an isoelectric point of 9. Serum from horses with azoturia contained an additional cytoplasmic subform with an isoelectric point of 5.8. This form could not be generated by ageing, freezing and thawing or bindi...
Mononuclear phagocytes of peritoneal fluid. Cells in the peritoneal fluid from 179 horses were examined in Giemsa stained preparations using light microscopy. Mononuclear phagocytes were a common cell type observed in normal fluids. In the absence of stimulation they were morphologically similar to the peripheral blood monocyte and the unstimulated mesothelial cell. In acute inflammatory effusions their proportion decreased significantly but, as the condition resolved, monocytes began to migrate into the cavity gradually becoming more numerous, transforming into larger macrophages and assuming an increasing phagocytic role. They were of...
Arterial blood gas values in horses with laryngeal paralysis. LARYNGEAL paralysis is a common, usually subclinical
disease in horses (Cole 1946; Gunn 1972). More severely
affected animals, clinically termed roarers, are frequently
alleged to have reduced exercise tolerance (Argyle 1933; Cook
1965). This could most readily be attributed to exercise related
hypoxaemia caused by a reduced airflow and/or airflow
turbulence at the reduced rima glottidis. It could also be
conjectured that a rider would demand less of a horse making
loud and possibly distressing respiratory noises. Although
there has been much recent research into the pathology of
equ...
Bioavailability of phenylbutazone preparations in the horse. Plasma phenylbutazone concentrations were determined for up to 12 h in 6 horses following intravenous and oral phenylbutazone administration. To evaluate the bioavailability of different oral preparations, phenylbutazone was administered in a paste as well as the traditional powder form. The effect of the state of stomach contents on the absorption of phenylbutazone was investigated by administering the paste before and after feeding; the powder was given in a small bran mash and a full feed of lucerne chaff, wheaten chaff and bran. Despite great variability among individual horses both the pa...
Histological study of navicular bone disease. A histological investigation of navicular bones from 8 horses with navicular disease was carried out to investigate the aetiology of the radiological findings. Two of the horses were double labelled with tetracycline before slaughter in order to assess the vitality of the diseased navicular bone. The examinations revealed no evidence of loss of vitality in the diseased bone areas or in surrounding tissues. A very high rate of remodelling indicated by resorption and formation of bone was present in all cases. This was shown microscopically by the high number of osteoclasts and osteoblasts prese...
Effects of nandrolone phenylpropionate in the horse: (1) resting animal. The effects of 7 weekly injections of the anabolic steroid nandrolone phenylpropionate (400 mg) were investigated in 4 healthy, mature geldings. Measurement of body weight, nitrogen retention and plasma urea failed to demonstrate a consistent anabolic effects. Examination of biopsies from the semitendinosus and biceps femoris muscles showed no alteration in water content or glycogen concentration with treatment. Similarly no changes were found in the activities of 6 muscle enzymes. However, a significant increase in the proportion of fast twitch low oxidative fibres of the biceps femoris was o...
Changes in circulating gut hormones in the horse during long distance exercise. Venous blood samples were collected before and immediately after an 80 km ride and a 42 km race. They were analysed for blood glucose and lactate, and for plasma non-esterified fatty acids, insulin, pancreatic glucagon, pancreatic polypeptide, gastrin, gastric inhibitory peptide, somatostatin and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide concentrations. The 80 km ride was associated with marked hypoglycaemia and a slight lactic acidaemia together with an increase in plasma glucagon, somatostatin, pancreatic polypeptide and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide values. The 42 km race produced hyperglycaemi...
Six cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the stomach of the horse. Six cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the stomach in horses seen at the New York State College of Veterinary Medicine are compared with 15 similar cases reported previously. Clinical signs included anorexia in all cases, emaciation, fever, anaemia and/or palpable abdominal masses in 3, colic in 2 and dysphagia in one case. Haematological studies revealed normochromic, normocytic anaemia in 3 and absolute neutrophilia in 5 cases. Peritoneal fluid analysis was performed in 4 cases and revealed slightly to moderately elevated total protein concentrations in 3 and a markedly elevated number of w...
Effects of nandrolone phenylpropionate in the horse: (2) general effects in animals undergoing training. The effect of 11 weekly injections of nandrolone phenylpropionate (400 mg) was investigated by a crossover trial (2 training periods) in 6 Thoroughbred geldings undergoing training. A decrease in body weight and flank measurement occurred only during the first training period and was not modified by the anabolic steroid. Urinary nitrogen excretion was lower in the anabolic treated animals only in the first training period. Neither training nor training plus nandrolone phenylpropionate administration caused any marked alteration in blood biochemistry or haematology. A significant decrease in pl...
Occlusion of the digital arteries — A model for pathogenesis of navicular disease. The digital arteries of 10 horses suffering from navicular disease, and 7 horses from a control group, were examined angiographically. The horses from the disease group showed complete or partial occlusion of the digital arteries in all cases. In the control group of 7 healthy horses, isolated vessel obstructions were also found but these were limited to narrowing of part of an artery only. Histological investigations showed that total occlusion of a vessel involved an organised thrombus but that partial occlusion generally involved changes to the vascular wall, similar to those caused by enda...
Effects of nandrolone phenylpropionate in the horse: (3) skeletal muscle composition in the exercising animal. The effect of 11 weekly injections of nandrolone phenylpropionate (400 mg) on some skeletal muscle parameters was investigated in 6 Thoroughbred geldings undergoing training. Three muscles were sampled, the middle gluteal, the biceps femoris and the semitendinosus. Training alone produced increases in the percentage of fast twitch high oxidative fibres (FTH), glycogen content and the activities of citrate synthase, 3-hydroxyacl CoA dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase. In contrast the training programme did not alter water content, total protein content, the activities of lactate dehydrogenase...
Plasma concentrations and urinary excretion of nandrolone and/or its metabolites after intramuscular injection of nandrolone phenylpropionate to horses. A radioimmunological method was used as a screening procedure to determine the period of detection or "clearance time", for the horse, of therapeutic doses of the synthetic anabolic steroid nandrolone phenylpropionate. Seven horses, either at rest or being exercised, were given a course of weekly intramuscular injections of the steroid. On the separate occasion, some of the horses were given a single intramuscular injection of the same compound. The weekly injections maintained a high plasma concentration of nandrolone and/or metabolites. The mean (+/- sd) period of detection in plasma of thes...
Haematological changes in 2 ponies before and during an infection with equine influenza. MOST viral infections in animals, including man, have been
shown to alter the absolute and relative numbers of circulating
leucocytes. This usually causes a lymphopenia or neutropenia
but, occasionally, a lymphocytosis occurs (Gresser and Lang
1966). Several studies and reviews of respiratory viral
infections in horses have noted changes in the blood pictures
of infected animals, particularly during the early stages of the
disease (Steck and Gerber 1965; Gerber 1966, 1969; Bryans
and Gerber 1972; Hofer, Steck and Gerber 1978). The
transient nature of the leucocyte response is, probabl...
Equine abortion associated with Enterobacter agglomerans. During a 20 month period Enterobacter agglomerans was
isolated from 17 cases of equine abortion. In 8 cases E
agglomerans was isolated in pure culture and in 9 cases it was
isolated in mixed culture from the foetus and/or foetal
membranes. Fifteen cases had histological evidence of foetal
infection and/or placentitis.
The occurrence of E agglomerans in pure culture, associated
with inflammatory lesions in the foetus and foetal membranes,
suggests it to be a cause of abortion in mares.
Protein utilisation in response to caecal corn starch in ponies. The influence of administering caecal corn starch (0.0, 0.2, 0.4 or 0.6 g/kg body weight/day) on protein utilisation in 4 ponies was analysed with a latin square experimental design. The basal diet was dehydrated alfalfa pellets. Determinations were made of nitrogen retention, protein and dry matter digestions, total plasma protein, plasma urea nitrogen, plasma ammonia and plasma-free amino acids. Twice daily administration of corn starch into the caecum resulted in an increased nitrogen retention (P less than 0.01). Maximum nitrogen retention was observed with the caecal administration of 0.4...
