Veterinary surgery : VS.
Publisher:
Lippincott.. Malden, MA : John Wiley & Sons
Frequency: Eight issues a year,
Country: United States
Language: English
Author(s):
American College of Veterinary Surgeons., European College of Veterinary Surgeons.
Start Year:1978 -
ISSN:
0161-3499 (Print)
1532-950X (Electronic)
0161-3499 (Linking)
1532-950X (Electronic)
0161-3499 (Linking)
Impact Factor
1.8
2022
| NLM ID: | 8113214 |
| (OCoLC): | 03905443 |
| (DNLM): | V06115000(s) |
| Coden: | VESUD6 |
| Classification: | W1 VE938C |
Effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy on desmitis of the accessory ligament of the deep digital flexor tendon in the horse. To evaluate the effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) on collagenase-induced lesions in the accessory ligament of the deep digital flexor tendon (ALDDFT) of horses. Methods: Paired, blinded controlled study. Methods: Eight Thoroughbred horses (3 mares, 5 geldings; mean ± SD weight, 464 ± 26 kg, mean age, 8 ± 1.7 years). Methods: Lesions were created in both ALDDFTs of all horses by injection of 2 × 10(3) IU of collagenase type I. Percent lesion and structure (fiber alignment and echogenicity) were quantified with ultrasonographic imaging 3, 6, and 9 weeks after collagenase ...
Evaluation of a minimally invasive arthrodesis technique for the carpometacarpal joint in horses. To evaluate a minimally invasive technique for arthrodesis of the carpometacarpal (CMC) joint in horses. Methods: Experimental study. Methods: Healthy horses (n=6). Methods: A 5.5 mm, 3-drill tract arthrodesis technique was evaluated in 1 randomly selected CMC joint in each of 6 normal horses. Peak vertical ground reaction force (GRF) values were recorded before surgery and at 6, 8, and 12 months thereafter. Radiographic and clinical lameness scores were assigned at regular intervals until 12 months after surgery when the horses were euthanatized. Gross and histologic examinations were perfo...
Desmotomy of the accessory ligament of the deep digital flexor tendon in the forelimb of 24 horses 2 years and older. To report outcome after desmotomy of the accessory ligament of the deep digital flexor tendon (ALDDFT) in adult horses (≥2 years) for treatment of desmitis of the ALDDFT or flexural deformity of the distal interphalangeal joint (FDDIJ). Methods: Case series. Methods: Horses with desmitis of the ALDDFT (n=9) and FDDIJ (n=15). Methods: Records (April 1996-July 2008) of 24 adult horses (mean age, 6.7 years) that had ALDDFT desmotomy were reviewed. Follow-up data was obtained 12-120 months after desmotomy. Results: Outcome was available for 22 horses; 18 (82%; 6 of 8 horses with desmitis of the ...
Evaluation of a tenoscopic approach for desmotomy of the accessory ligament of the deep digital flexor tendon in horses. To develop a tenoscopic approach for desmotomy of the accessory ligament of the deep digital flexor tendon (AL-DDFT) in horses. Methods: Experimental. Methods: Cadaveric forelimbs (n=10) and 4 forelimbs from 2 horses anesthetized for terminal teaching procedures, and 12 forelimbs of 6 experimental horses. Methods: Saline distention of the carpal flexor sheath facilitated insertion of an arthroscope into the distal medial aspect of the sheath between the AL-DDFT and deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT). Location of an instrument portal on the lateral aspect of the metacarpus was identified with a ...
Outcome after lacerations of the superficial and deep digital flexor tendons, suspensory ligament and/or distal sesamoidean ligaments in 106 horses. To report outcome after the surgical treatment of lacerations of the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT), deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT), suspensory ligament (SL), and/or distal sesamoidean ligaments (DSL) in horses. Methods: Case series. Methods: Horses (n=106) with lacerations of the SDFT, DDFT, SL, and/or DSL. Methods: Medical records (1988-2002) were reviewed for signalment, limb and tendon/ligament involvement (location and extent of injury, tendon sheath involvement), method of repair, and outcome. Results: The median age of horses was 7 years and the follow-up time ranged from 1...
An in vitro biomechanical comparison of equine proximal interphalangeal joint arthrodesis techniques: two parallel transarticular headless tapered variable pitch screws versus two parallel transarticular AO cortical bone screws inserted in lag fashion. To compare the mean number of cycles to failure under axial compression of equine proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint arthrodesis constructs created by 2 parallel transarticular Acutrak Plus screws (AP-TS) or 2 parallel transarticular 5.5 mm cortical screws inserted in lag fashion (AO-TLS). Methods: Paired in vitro biomechanical testing of 2 methods of stabilizing cadaveric adult equine forelimb PIP joints. Methods: Cadaveric adult equine forelimbs (n=5 pairs). Methods: For each forelimb pair, 1 PIP joint was stabilized with AP-TS and 1 with AP-TLS. The 5 construct pairs were tested for cycli...
Intrathecal deep digital flexor tenectomy for treatment of septic tendonitis/tenosynovitis in four horses. To describe partial removal of the intrathecal component of the deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT) in horses with chronic septic DDF tendonitis and tenosynovitis unresponsive to conventional therapy, and to report long-term outcome. Methods: Case series. Methods: Horses (n=4). Methods: Four horses with chronic septic DDF tendonitis and tenosynovitis were treated by surgical tenectomy of the intrathecal component of the DDFT, followed by stabilization in casts and subsequent corrective shoeing. All horses were previously managed unsuccessfully with combinations of conventional therapy consisting...
In vitro effect of ventriculocordectomy before laryngoplasty on abduction of the equine arytenoid cartilage. To determine whether ventriculocordectomy (VCE) performed before prosthetic laryngoplasty (PL) results in increased rima glottidis size compared with PL alone. Methods: Experimental study. Methods: Equine cadaver larynges (n=13). Methods: Right arytenoid cartilages were maximally abducted using a standard PL technique. Standard PLs were then performed on the left side and the force required to maximally abduct the left arytenoid cartilage recorded (F(max) ). Photographs were taken of the rima glottidis at zero force and at five equal levels of force up to F(max) . The force applied was release...
Evaluation of ethyl alcohol for use in a minimally invasive technique for equine proximal interphalangeal joint arthrodesis. To determine whether intra-articular 70% ethyl alcohol alone (IAEA) or in combination with 2 percutaneously placed transarticular lag screws (EA-TLS) would result in arthrodesis of the equine proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint. Methods: Experimental. Methods: Healthy horses (n=6), aged 1.5-3 years, free of lameness, diagonally paired front and hind PIP joints. Methods: Six milliliters 70% ethyl alcohol was injected into randomly selected diagonally paired front and hind PIP joints. Thirty days later, 2 parallel 5.5 mm cortical screws were inserted in lag fashion across the hind PIP joints an...
Arthrodesis of the equine proximal interphalangeal joint: a biomechanical comparison of 3-hole 4.5 mm locking compression plate and 3-hole 4.5 mm narrow dynamic compression plate, with two transarticular 5.5 mm cortex screws. To compare the biomechanical characteristics of 2 arthrodesis techniques for the equine proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP) using either a 3-hole 4.5 mm locking compression plate (LCP) or 3-hole 4.5 mm narrow dynamic compression plate (DCP), both with 2 transarticular 5.5 mm cortex screws. Methods: Experimental. Methods: Cadaveric adult equine forelimbs (*n=6 pairs). Methods: For each forelimb pair, 1 limb was randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatment groups and the contralateral limb by default to the other treatment group. Construct stiffness, gap formation across the PIP joint, and rotation ab...
Core decompression of the equine navicular bone: an in vivo study in healthy horses. To determine the physiologic response of the equine navicular bone to core decompression surgery in healthy horses. Methods: Experimental in vivo study. Methods: Healthy adult horses (n=6). Methods: Core decompression was completed by creating three 2.5-mm-diameter drill channels into the navicular bone under arthroscopic control. The venous (P(V)), arterial (P(A)), articular (P(DIPJ)), and intraosseous pressures (IOP) were recorded before and after decompression drilling. Each IOP measurement consisted of a baseline (IOP(B)) and a stress test (intramedullary injection of saline solution, IOP(...
A modified laryngoplasty approach promoting ankylosis of the cricoarytenoid joint. To perform a modification to the standard laryngoplasty procedure in vivo that would result in ankylosis of the cricoarytenoid (CA) joint, and determine the stability provided to the abducted arytenoid in vitro. Methods: Experimental study. Methods: Horses (n=8). Methods: Horses were assigned to either control laryngoplasty (n=3) or modified laryngoplasty (5) procedure. Endoscopic upper airway evaluations were used to measure right:left quotients 1 day and 3 months postoperatively to assess maintenance of abduction. Horses were euthanatized 3 months after surgery and larynges collected for mea...
Core decompression of the equine navicular bone: an in vitro biomechanical study. To determine the effect of core decompression surgery and bone mineral density (BMD) on the mechanical properties of equine navicular bones. Methods: Experimental, in vitro study. Methods: Fore limb navicular bones (n=36 pairs) from sound 2-5-year-old horses with no radiographic abnormalities of the distal aspect of the forelimbs. Methods: Navicular BMD was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. One randomly assigned navicular bone from each pair served as control. The contralateral test specimen was allocated to 1 of 6 treatment groups defined by drill bit size (3.2 versus 2.5 mm di...
Treatment of epiglottic entrapment by transnasal axial division in standing sedated horses using a shielded hook bistoury. To report use of a shielded hook bistoury developed for correction of epiglottic fold entrapment in standing sedated horses. Methods: Prospective clinical study. Methods: Standardbreds (n=8), 3-19 years of age. Methods: Epiglottic fold entrapment was corrected during standing sedation using a shielded hook bistoury passed nasally into the pharynx. Owners, trainers, and referring veterinarians were contacted by telephone to establish outcome. Results: Axial division of the entrapping epiglottic fold was successful in all horses. No short- or long-term complications occurred. Axial transection o...
Effects of aerobic and anaerobic fluid collection on biochemical analysis of peritoneal fluid in healthy horses and horses with colic. To determine whether in healthy horses and those with colic, exposure of peritoneal fluid to room air affects values obtained on biochemical analysis. Methods: Prospective study. Methods: Adult horses with a primary complaint of acute abdominal pain (n=29) and 12 healthy horses. Methods: Peritoneal fluid was aseptically collected under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. After collection, pH, PCO(2) , PO(2) , HCO(3) (-) , Na(+) , ionized Ca(2+) , K(+) , lactate, and glucose were immediately measured using a commercial blood gas analyzer. Biochemical variables were compared between aerobically an...
Electrosurgical tenoscopic desmotomy of the accessory ligament of the superficial digital flexor muscle (proximal check ligament) in horses. To report a tenoscopic technique using monopolar electrosurgery to transect the accessory ligament of superficial digital flexor muscle (AL-SDFM) and outcome in 33 horses. Methods: Case series. Methods: Horses (n=33). Methods: Medical files and surgery video recordings of horses that had AL-SDFM desmotomy performed by tenoscopy with monopolar electrosurgical electrodes were reviewed. Results: Of 33 horses, 24 were Standardbred racehorses with surgery performed bilaterally for superficial digital flexor tendonitis and 9 horses had flexural deformity. Severe (n=6) and mild (6) intrathecal hemorr...
Standing hand-assisted laparoscopic ovariectomy in 65 mares. To review the efficacy and safety of unilateral ovariectomy by use of a standing hand-assisted laparoscopic approach and evaluate the effect of ovary size on posttransection hemorrhage after application of a linear stapling device. Methods: Case series. Methods: Horses (n=65) aged 2-20 years. Methods: Medical records of mares that had ovariectomy performed by use of a standing hand-assisted laparoscopic approach were reviewed. Data retrieved were signalment, ovary removed (left, right), ovarian size, ovarian pathology, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and length of hospitalizati...
Digital sheath synovial ganglion cysts in horses. To report the clinical features of horses with fluid-filled masses associated with the digital flexor tendon sheath (DFTS) and outcome after surgery. Methods: Case series. Methods: Horses (n=10) Methods: Medical records of horses with fluid-filled masses associated with the DFTS were reviewed and the clinical features, diagnostic methods, treatment, histopathology, and outcome reported. Results: Masses were unilateral (7 hind limb, 3 front limb) and in 8 horses were associated with lameness. In 6 horses, lameness improved by >50% with intrathecal DTFS anesthesia, whereas 2 were less positiv...
Racing and sales performance after unilateral or bilateral single transphyseal screw insertion for varus angular limb deformities of the carpus in 53 thoroughbreds. To evaluate the racing and sales performance of Thoroughbred horses with varus angular limb deformities of the carpus treated by unilateral or bilateral single transphyseal screw (STS) placement. Methods: Case series. Methods: Thoroughbred horses (n=53). Methods: Medical records (January 1, 2005-December 31, 2006) of yearling Thoroughbreds treated for carpal angular limb deformity by transphyseal screw insertion in the distal aspect of the radius were reviewed. Retrieved data were sex, surgery, and screw removal dates, surgical site, appearance, limb(s) affected, type of angular limb deformity...
Effect of a collateral ligament sparing surgical approach on mechanical properties of equine proximal interphalangeal joint arthrodesis constructs. To (1) compare the effect of a collateral ligament sparing surgical approach with an open surgical approach on mechanical properties of proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) arthrodesis, and (2) to determine the percentage of articular cartilage surface removed by transarticular (TA) drilling with different diameter drill bits. Methods: Randomized paired limb design. Methods: Cadaveric equine limbs (n=76). Methods: Cadaveric PIPJ were drilled using a 3.5, 4.5, or 5.5 mm drill bit at 80-84° to the dorsal plane to remove articular cartilage and subchondral bone from the distal articular surface...
Computed tomography to identify preoperative guidelines for internal fixation of the distal sesamoid bone in horses: an in vitro study. To assess the reliability of computed tomography (CT) to identify the direction of implant insertion for cortical screws along the longitudinal axis of intact (nonfractured) distal sesamoid bones. Methods: In vitro study. Methods: Cadaveric paired equine forelimbs (n=16). Methods: Insertion of a cortical screw in lag fashion along the longitudinal axis of intact (nonfractured) distal sesamoid bones was evaluated in 2 groups (3.5 and 4.5 mm) of 8 paired limbs. In each group, the direction of the distal sesamoid bone was determined by CT (Equine XTC 3000 pQCT scanner). Screw placement was verifi...
Increased cartilage oligomeric matrix protein concentrations in equine digital flexor tendon sheath synovial fluid predicts intrathecal tendon damage. To evaluate digital flexor tendon sheath (DFTS) synovial fluid cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) concentrations as a molecular marker for intrathecal pathology. Methods: Case control study. Methods: Horses (n=46) with DFTS tenosynovitis; 23 fresh cadaver horses. Methods: DFTS synovial fluid samples were collected from clinical cases with noninfected DFTS tenosynovitis and from control DFTS. Clinical and surgical findings were recorded, and dissection of control limbs was performed to confirm the DFTS to be grossly normal. Synovial fluid COMP was quantified using a homologous competiti...
Exercising videoendoscopic evaluation of 45 horses with respiratory noise and/or poor performance after laryngoplasty. To (1) assess upper airway function by videoendoscopy in horses performing poorly after laryngoplasty and (2) establish whether dynamic collapse of the left arytenoid can be predicted by the degree of resting postsurgical abduction. Methods: Case series. Methods: Horses that had left laryngoplasty (n=45). Methods: Medical records (June 1993-December 2007) of horses evaluated for abnormal respiratory noise and/or poor performance after laryngoplasty were reviewed. Horses with video recordings of resting and exercising upper airway endoscopy were included and postsurgical abduction categorized. ...
Evaluation of an arthroscopic approach for transection of the equine collateral sesamoidean ligament. To evaluate: (1) an arthroscopic technique for transection of the collateral sesamoidean ligament (CSL); and (2) the healing response using magnetic resonance (MR) and microscopic examination. Methods: Experimental study. Methods: Adult horses (n=6). Methods: Six sound horses with normal front foot radiographic and MR examinations were used. Lameness examination was performed before surgery and monthly for 12 months. Front foot radiography was performed at 180 and 360 days after surgery. Front foot MR was performed before, and at 7, 90, 180, and 360 days after surgery. Arthroscopic CSL desmoto...
Hypospadias in a Friesian gelding. To report clinical signs and management of hypospadias in a horse. Methods: Clinical report. Methods: A 6-year-old, Friesian gelding. Methods: Partial phallectomy was performed to resolve contact dermatitis of the pelvic limbs and abnormal behavior during urination. Subsequent urethral meatal stenosis was treated by revision. Results: Hypospadias and chordee caused altered direction of urine flow, contact dermatitis of the pelvic limbs, and abnormal behavior. Partial phallectomy and subsequent revision after meatal stenosis resolved urine direction, flow and abnormal behavior. Conclusions: Abn...
Repair of an incompetent urethral sphincter in a mare. To describe successful surgical treatment of urinary incontinence caused by a ruptured and/or transected urethral sphincter in a mare. Methods: Clinical report. Methods: A 7-year-old, Swedish Warmblood mare with urinary incontinence. Methods: The urethral sphincter, which had been damaged during removal of a cystic urolith, was repaired by apposing the ends of the disrupted urethralis muscle and tunica muscularis. Results: The mare was no longer incontinent after repair of the defect by apposition of the ends of the urethralis muscle and tunica muscularis. Conclusions: Transection and/or ruptu...
A preliminary study on the effect of wounding on transforming growth factor-β1 and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein concentrations in the skin of horses. To evaluate whether wound type or site influence the production of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), and determine if there is a correlation between TGF-β1and COMP during healing. Methods: Experimental. Methods: Standardbred horses (n=6), 4-8 years old. Methods: Six, standardized, full-thickness skin wounds (open, straight, and elliptical) were surgically created on the neck (n=3) and metacarpus (3) on each horse. Wounds were randomly allocated to site and side. Tissue samples were collected before creating wounds and on days 7, 14, and 4...
Occurrence of incisional complications and associated risk factors using a right ventral paramedian celiotomy incision in 159 horses. To evaluate the occurrence of, and variables associated with, incisional complications after right ventral paramedian celiotomy in horses. Methods: Case series. Methods: Horses (n=159). Methods: Occurrence of incisional complications after right ventral paramedian celiotomy was determined in 159 horses (161 celiotomies) that survived at least 30 days after surgery at a private equine hospital (2003-2007). Follow-up information for 121 horses was obtained ≥90 days after surgery. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression was performed to evaluate variables associated with incisi...
Equine laryngoplasty sutures undergo increased loading during coughing and swallowing. To report (1) the force required on a single laryngoplasty suture to achieve optimal abduction of the left arytenoid cartilage, (2) peak forces experienced by the suture during induced swallowing and coughing, and during 24-hour resting activity in a stall, and (3) peak forces during induced swallowing and coughing after left recurrent laryngeal nerve blockade. Methods: Experimental study. Methods: Horses (n=8). Methods: Each laryngoplasty suture was instrumented with an E-type buckle force transducer to measure the force required for optimal intraoperative left arytenoid cartilage abduction. ...
Diagnosis, management, and outcome in 19 horses with deltoid tuberosity fractures. To describe the diagnosis and treatment of fractures of the deltoid tuberosity. Methods: Case series. Methods: Medical records (1992-2009) of 19 horses with radiographic confirmation of deltoid tuberosity fractures were reviewed. Data retrieved included signalment, clinical and diagnostic imaging findings, and treatment. Outcome was determined by telephone questionnaire of owners and referring veterinarians. Results: Most horses were markedly lame on admission and 53% had reduced protraction of the affected limb. All fractures were identified on a cranio45° medial-caudolateral oblique project...