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Topic:Clinical Study
Clinical studies in equine research involve the systematic investigation of health and disease in horses through structured scientific methods. These studies aim to evaluate the safety and efficacy of treatments, understand disease mechanisms, and improve veterinary care practices. Clinical studies can include randomized controlled trials, observational studies, and case-control studies. They may focus on various aspects such as pharmacokinetics, therapeutic interventions, and diagnostic techniques. This page compiles peer-reviewed research studies and scholarly articles that explore the design, implementation, and findings of clinical studies in equine medicine, providing insights into their impact on horse health and veterinary practices.
Equine villonodularsynovitis: a case survey. Nineteen cases of villonodular synovitis as identified in 14 horses are presented. Physical and radiographic findings are discussed and the surgical correction described. Case histories indicate that surgical extirpation of the lesion is corrective and that rest without surgical intervention is ineffective. Radiation therapy following surgery does not appear to be necessary.
Hematology and biochemistry reference values for the light horse. Reference hematology and biochemistry intervals are presented for a number of variables of clinical interest determined for blood samples obtained from 60 thoroughbred mares, 12 thoroughbred foals and 50 standardbred horses in training. The observations for each variable were examined for outliers and Gaussian distribution. Parametric analysis was used where the observations were Gaussian initially or after any of four transformations, otherwise nonparametric analysis was required for estimation of the 2.5 and 97.5 percentiles. Description of the sample collection procedures, laboratory method...
Concentration of serum prealbumin (PR) protein in sick horses and its correlation to blood leucocyte count and albumin content in serum. Studies of Pr protein concentrations in sera of sick horses were carried out using ’s (1965) immunodiffusion technique. Relative values against a chosen standard of 100 were determined for a total of 102 horses. Horses with acute infections had Pr protein values significantly above the normal. The highest individual Pr protein value recorded in this group was 202. Horses suffering from acute laminitis and malignant tumours also had increased Pr protein values. There was a positive correlation between the Pr protein value and the blood leucocyte count and a negative correlation between the P...
[Pharmacokinetic model studies of sulfamerazine in domestic mammals. 1. Elimination of Mebacid 200 following intravenous administration to large animals]. Pharmacokinetic data of sulphamerazine were recorded from eight heads each of calf, adult cattle, horse, and sheep, following intravenous application of Mebacid 200, and mathematical implications were discussed. Exponential excretion was recorded from all species, according to the following equation: c = B x e-k2 x t The most favourable pharmacokinetic parameters were recorded from calf.
Simultaneous preparation of mononuclear and polymorphonuclear leucocytes from horse blood on Ficoll-Hypaque medium. Results presented show that highly purified populations of mononuclear (MN) and polymorphonuclear (PMN) leucocytes can be obtained from horse blood by a procedure similar to that previously described for the separation of these leucocytes from human blood. This involved centrifugation of horse blood on a Ficoll-Hypaque medium with a density of 1.095 g/ml. The procedure required approximately 1 h for completion and resulted in the simultaneous preparation of MN (greater than 98% purity) and PMN (greater than 96% purity) leucocytes. Cell viability exceeded 95% and cells retained immunological fu...
Estrus, ovulation, and serum hormones in mares given prostaglandin F2 alpha, estradiol, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone. A gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) was injected in mares given prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) to induce luteolysis in an attempt to sunchronize ovulation. Pretreatment with estradiol-17 beta (E2-17 beta) was used to determine whether or not estradiol would enhance the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) after treatment with GnRH. Twelve mares were used in a balanced Latin square crossover design. Mares were injected with PGF2 alpha, treatment A; PGF2 alpha mgnRH, treatment B; or PGF2 alpha me2-17 beta mgnRH, treatment C. The interval +/- SEM from PGF2 alpha injection to estrus was 3....
Enema in the horse. Distribution and rehydrating effect. In the first series of experiments enema containing a water soluble marker was given to two groups of horses fasted for 1 and 18 hours, respectively. The marker was only in 1 out of 14 experiments found orally of the pelvic flexure (Table II). Fasting seemed to facilitate the flow in oral direction. The results were discussed with the possible significance in the treatment of large intestinal impactions. In the second series the effect of enemas on water, electrolyte and acid-base status in the acute furosemide-dehydrated horse was studied. Moderate acidifying and hypokalemic effect was encoun...
[Head and neck injuries in equestrian accidents (author’s transl)]. Horses' kicks can produce two types of head and neck injuries: injuries of the mid-face and injuries of the larynx. Typical cases as seen by the author are presented. The treatment of mid-face injuries is performed according to principles of plastic surgical repair. After frontal-nasal injuries, a revision of the nasal septum must be done. Involvement of the larynx requires external layer repair of mucosa and cartilage.
Effects of trimetaquinol on equine pulmonary vascular and airway smooth muscle. Trimetaquinol [TMQ: 1-(3’,4‘,5’-trimethoxybenzyl)6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline hydrochloride] a potential p-sympathomimetic bronchodilator (Iwasawa & Kiyomoto 1967), has been shown to be an effective tracheal smooth muscle relaxant in guineapigs (Iwasawa & Kiyomoto 1967; Brittain 1972; Brittain et a1 1970, 1976) and an inhibitor of experimental bronchospasm in guinea-pigs and cats (Brittain et a1 1970; Brittain 1972). In addition, clinical studies with TMQ indicated that the drug was an effective bronchodilator in mild to moderate asthma (Yamamura & Kishimoto 1968). It may...
The immune response of horses to tetanus toxoid. An intramuscular injection of 8-16 Lf tetanus toxoid in water-in-oil emulsion protected adult horses against tetanus for at least 128 weeks. A booster dose of 8 Lf toxoid in aqueous solution protected them for a further period of at least 3 1/2 years. Colostral immunity protected foals for at least 10 weeks. An intramuscular injection of 8 Lf toxoid in water-in-oil emulsion given to foals from immune dams when they were 10-18 weeks old did not elicit any antibody response. They did respond, however, to a booster injection of 8 Lf toxoid in aqueous solution given 12 weeks after the first dose. ...
Evaluation of an indirect fluorescent antibody test to diagnose Babesia equi infection in horses. An indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test for the diagnosis of Babesia equi infections was evaluated. Antigen prepared by conventional methods was of high quality in one instance and of lesser quality in a second when possible autofluorescence of the horse blood caused inconvenience in reading tests. Tests on 14 horses shown by parasitological means to be either infected (9) or uninfected (5) produced reactions at dilutions of 1/270 to 1/7290 for infected and at 1/10 to 1/90 for uninfected animals. The accuracy of the test was further demonstrated during investigations of 701 horses in 3 sta...
[13 Years of veterinary mycological routine diagnostics. Isolation of dermatophytes in the years 1965-1977]. Over a thirteen year period (1965 to 1977) a total of 4790 skin scrapings and hair samples of animals were examined mycologically. 887 strains of dermatophytes were isolated out of 885 of these samples (= 18,5%). Most frequently Trichophyton verrucosum was identified in samples from cattle, followed by Microsporum canis isolated from cats, dogs and zoo animals. T. mentagrophytes was mainly found on guinea pigs, chinchillas and dogs and T. equinum on horses. Although the total number of the samples examined within the last 8 years increased, the total of the dermatophytes isolated remained prop...
Repair of incisional hernias in the horse. Incisional abdominal hernias in three horses were repaired, using synthetic mesh with a fascial flap overlay. The repair of large ventral abdominal hernias of horses can be accomplished by using synthetic mesh that is sutured across the defect. This material can be placed subperitoneally, retroperitoneal but subfascial, retrofascial and subfascial, or retroperitoneal but subfascial with a fascial overlay. Advantages of using this material are that it can be used for repair of large hernias, it is easy to apply, it is strong and flexible, and it is less likely to be rejected, when compared with...
