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Topic:Clinical Symptoms
Clinical symptoms in horses encompass a range of observable signs that may indicate underlying health issues, such as disease, injury, or physiological stress. These symptoms can vary widely depending on the condition and may include changes in behavior, appetite, respiratory patterns, or physical appearance. Common clinical symptoms in horses include lameness, colic, coughing, nasal discharge, and changes in body temperature or heart rate. Identifying and interpreting these symptoms is an essential aspect of equine veterinary practice, as they provide critical information for diagnosis and management of health conditions. This page compiles peer-reviewed research studies and scholarly articles that explore the identification, assessment, and implications of clinical symptoms in equine health management.
Surgical treatment of an unusual fracture of the first phalanx of a horse. A 3 year old thoroughbred colt in full training pulled up
acutely lame during a training gallop on a dirt track.
According to the trainer no reason for the injury was
evident. The horse refused to bear weight on the leg
and when forced to walk back to the stables it would
only touch the affected toe to the ground. The fetlock
soon became swollen and was very painful. The trainer
treated the animal for a sprain with ice packs and
bandages. No improvement occurred in 72 hours and
veterinary advice was sought.
Examination revealed the horse to be in obvious
pain. He was unable to bear ...
Cryotherapy of periocular squamous cell carcinoma in the horse. Squamous cell carcinoma around the eyes of 3 horses was treated with liquid nitrogen, using cryotherapy probes as the method of application. In 2 cases, there was complete regression of the tumor; in the 3rd case, remission and relief of discomfort were temporary.
Amphotericin B for the treatment of localized subcutaneous phycomycosis in the horse. Amphotericin B was used systemically or locally, or both, in the treatment of localized subcutaneous phycomycosis in horses. In 8 of 10 cases, the results were satisfactory. Intravenous treatment was well tolerated at an average starting daily dosage of 0.38 mg/kg, increasing up to as high as 1.47 mg/kg. It was concluded that the ideal treatment regimen would include early surgical removal of the lesion followed by daily intravenous and topical administration of amphotericin B, with periodic extirpation of small necrotic tracts as necessary.
Intrathecal antitetanus serum (horse) in the treatment of tetanus. In a two-year study of 322 conservatively treated, consecutive cases of tetanus in a rural hospital (all over twelve months old), intrathecal administration of 200 units of antitetanus serum (A.T.S.) (horse) reduced the overall mortality of 4-5% (5/110) compared with 14-5% (16/111) in the control series. 200 units intrathecal A.T.S. (horse) gave better results than 1500 units A.T.S. (horse). The results with lumbar and cisternal administration did not differ. It is suggested that tetanus is a polysystemic condition requiring polysystemic therapy. A regimen in which intrathecal A.T.S. is given ...
Flow rates from an intermittent positive pressure breathing-anesthetic delivery apparatus for horses. Inspiratory flow rates were measured and compared in an equine intermittent positive pressure breathing-anesthesia delivery apparatus powered by a positive phase ventilator, a positive-negative phase ventilator, and a modified positive phase ventilator with automatic flow acceleration at driving pressures of 2,600, 4,400, and 5,200 mm of Hg (50, 85, and 100 psi). The last-named apparatus consistently produced the highest flows for a given ventilator setting and driving pressure. Regardless of the unit used, the greater driving pressures and high ventilator range settings produced the greatest ...
Epiglottic entrapment in the horse. The diagnosis and surgical correction of epiglottic entrapment is described. Four cases are presented each with a different history. They serve to illustrate that the aetiology is complex, being either congenital or acquired. The use of a thorough endoscope examination is stressed in order to successfully diagnose this condition.
Immature stages of Trichonema spp as a cause of diarrhoea in adult horses in spring. Several incidents of diarrhoea and loss of weight occurred in adult horses during the spring of 1976. Detailed investigation of one typical case suggested that maturation of inhibited larvae of Trichonema spp was responsible.
Anoestrous conditions in the mare, their diagnosis and treatment. The condition of anoestrus in the mare is described and the various causes of this syndrome are discussed. A regimen for examining systematically the clinically anoestrus mare is proposed, and methods of treatment are suggested.
Electrogoniometric analysis of equine metacarpophalangeal joint lameness. Electrogoniometry was used qualitively and quantitatively to assess the movements of the normal and pathologic metacarpophalangeal joints of selected horses. A total of 4 Thoroughbreds, 1 normal and 3 with clinical and radiographic changes in the metacarpophalangeal joints of 1 limb, were evaluated at the walk and trot. Goniograms of the affected joints were compared with those of the normal horse and the normal contralateral metacarpophangeal joint. Qualitative asymmetry was recognized on the goniograms, and the ranges of motion were quantified and related to the clinical and radiologic obser...
Horses lung: Report of two cases. Two cases of horseshoe lung are described; one was suspected and the other was diagnosed preoperatively. Both underwent successful surgical treatment. The embryology of this anomaly is briefly reviewed with reference to the closely related scimitar syndrome (anomalous venous return of right lung to inferior atriocaval junction). Diagnostic studies are discussed with stress on the need for a thorough functional evaluation of both the heart and lungs before the surgical indication is made.
Intracranial myiasis by Hypoderma bovis (Linnaeus) in a horse. Acute neurologic disease associated with intracranial migration of a first instar larva of a warble fly, Hypoderma bovis (Linnaeus), was observed in a 14-year-old Quarter Horse gelding in western Montana. The disease was characterized by incoordination of gait, circling to the left, head tilt to the right, partial paralysis of the right side of the face, and impaired vision in the right eye. Two and one-half hours after it was first noticed sick, the horse collapsed and was euthanized. Massive hemorrhage unaccompanied by necrosis or significant cellular response was present in the right side o...
Treatment of atrial fibrillation in three racehorses. Three young Standardbred pacers with atrial fibrillation were treated with quinidine sulphate (QS) by stomach tube. They were given 10g QS every 2 hours until cardioversion was achieved. Total doses varied between 20 and 30 g. No premedication was given nor any follow up treatment after return to sinus rhythm. All horses were given 3 months rest after the treatment, and when electrocardiographed then, and at 6 months, showed normal sinus rhythm. As all 3 horses won races after cardioversion and showed subsequent normal electrocardiograms it seems likely that atrial fibrillation can occur witho...
Invagination of the caecum into the colon in a Welsh pony. A chronic wasting disease in a 16 month old Welsh pony filly is described. The animal died 26 days after the onset of illness which commenced with a sub-acute colic and was characterised by progressive loss of appetite and weight. Post-mortem examination revealed a total invagination of the caecum into the colon and it seemed logical to assume this invagination occurred at the start of the illness. A review of the literature showed that total caecal invagination produces 2 distinct clincal syndromes. It can occur either as an acute illness characterised by severe colic and death after about 10...
Dysphagia resulting from unilateral rupture of the rectus capitis ventralis muscles in a horse. Dysphagia developed in a 2-year-old Quarter Horse filly following an incident in which it fell over backward while exercising on a mechanical horse walker. Hyperextension of the neck at this time apparently caused unilateral rupture of the longus capitis (rectus capitis ventralis major) and the rectus capitis ventralis minor muscles at their insertion. An existing mycotic lesion involving the dorsomedial wall of the left guttural pouch may have weakened the area of insertion of the involved muscles. Tearing of the tendinous insertion of these muscles caused damage to the IX, X, and XI cranial ...
Bilateral luxation of the coffin joints in a horse, as a sequel to palmar neurectomy. Complications from neurectomy have been well known for many years. A 16-year-old mare suffered bilateral luxation of the coffin joints following palmar neurectomy and was destroyed. Autopsy showed complete rupture of the deep flexor tendons, and the supporting ligaments of the coffin joints. Arthritis of the coffin joints, with erosion of articular cartilage was evident.
