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Veterinary and comparative orthopaedics and traumatology : V.C.O.T2006; 19(3); 142-146;

A comparative study of articular cartilage thickness in the stifle of animal species used in human pre-clinical studies compared to articular cartilage thickness in the human knee.

Abstract: Histological measurements of the thickness of non-calcified and calcified cartilage, as well as the subchondral bone plate in five locations on the femoral trochlea and medial femoral condyles of species were used in preclinical studies of articular cartilage and compared to those of the human knee. Cadaver specimens were obtained of six human knees, as well as six equine, six goat, six dog, six sheep and six rabbit stifle joints (the animal equivalent of the human knee). Specimens were taken from the lateral trochlear ridge, medial trochlear ridge and medial femoral condyle. After histopathological processing, the thickness of non-calcified and calcified cartilage layers, as well as the subchondral bone plate, was measured. Average articular cartilage thickness over five locations were 2.2-2.5 mm for human, 0.3 mm for rabbit, 0.4-0.5 mm for sheep, 0.6-1.3 mm for dog, 0.7-1.5 mm for goat and 1.5-2 mm for horse. The horse provides the closest approximation to humans in terms of articular cartilage thickness, and this approximation is considered relevant in pre-clinical studies of cartilage healing.
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Publication Date: 2006-09-15 PubMed ID: 16971996
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  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The study compared the thickness of articular cartilage in animals (horse, rabbit, dog, sheep and goat) used in pre-clinical studies to that of humans. Researchers found that the cartilage thickness in horses most closely approximates human cartilage thickness, making them a good model for pre-clinical studies on cartilage healing.

Research Methodology

  • Cadaver specimens of six human knees, and six samples from each of the examined animal species (equine, goat, dog, sheep, and rabbit stifle joints) were collected. These stifle joints in animals are equivalent to human knees.
  • The researchers took samples from three different locations on the knees: the lateral trochlear ridge, medial trochlear ridge, and medial femoral condyle.
  • A histopathological process, a method to study the microscopic structure of tissues, was used to prepare the specimens for further study.

Data Analysis

  • After the histopathological processing, the thickness of non-calcified and calcified cartilage layers, as well as the subchondral bone plate, was measured.
  • The average thickness of the articular cartilage at five different locations was calculated for each species. The thickness ranged from 2.2-2.5 mm in humans, 0.3 mm in rabbits, 0.4-0.5 mm in sheep, 0.6-1.3 mm in dogs, 0.7-1.5 mm in goats, and 1.5-2 mm in horses.

Findings and Significance

  • The study found that horses provided the closest approximation to humans in terms of articular cartilage thickness. Rabbits had the thinnest and horses had the thickest measurements among the species examined.
  • This finding is of importance for pre-clinical research. When studying cartilage healing, using animals with similar cartilage thickness to humans may provide more accurate and relevant results.
  • Thus, given their similar cartilage thickness, horses might be used in future pre-clinical research to help develop more effective treatments for cartilage health and healing in humans.

Cite This Article

APA
Frisbie DD, Cross MW, McIlwraith CW. (2006). A comparative study of articular cartilage thickness in the stifle of animal species used in human pre-clinical studies compared to articular cartilage thickness in the human knee. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol, 19(3), 142-146.

Publication

Veterinary and comparative orthopaedics and traumatology : V.C.O.T
ISSN: 0932-0814
NlmUniqueID: 8906319
Country: Germany
Language: English
Volume: 19
Issue: 3
Pages: 142-146

Researcher Affiliations

Frisbie, D D
  • Orthopaedic Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, Colorado 80525, USA.
Cross, M W
    McIlwraith, C W

      MeSH Terms

      • Animals
      • Cartilage, Articular / anatomy & histology
      • Dogs
      • Goats
      • Horses
      • Humans
      • Knee / anatomy & histology
      • Rabbits
      • Sheep
      • Species Specificity
      • Stifle / anatomy & histology

      Citations

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