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Stem cells international2014; 2014; 891518; doi: 10.1155/2014/891518

Differentiation of equine mesenchymal stromal cells into cells of neural lineage: potential for clinical applications.

Abstract: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are able to differentiate into extramesodermal lineages, including neurons. Positive outcomes were obtained after transplantation of neurally induced MSCs in laboratory animals after nerve injury, but this is unknown in horses. Our objectives were to test the ability of equine MSCs to differentiate into cells of neural lineage in vitro, to assess differences in morphology and lineage-specific protein expression, and to investigate if horse age and cell passage number affected the ability to achieve differentiation. Bone marrow-derived MSCs were obtained from young and adult horses. Following demonstration of stemness, MSCs were neurally induced and microscopically assessed at different time points. Results showed that commercially available nitrogen-coated tissue culture plates supported proliferation and differentiation. Morphological changes were immediate and all the cells displayed a neural crest-like cell phenotype. Expression of neural progenitor proteins, was assessed via western blot or immunofluorescence. In our study, MSCs generated from young and middle-aged horses did not show differences in their ability to undergo differentiation. The effect of cell passage number, however, is inconsistent and further experiments are needed. Ongoing work is aimed at transdifferentiating these cells into Schwann cells for transplantation into a peripheral nerve injury model in horses.
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Publication Date: 2014-11-24 PubMed ID: 25506367PubMed Central: PMC4260374DOI: 10.1155/2014/891518Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The researchers investigated the ability of horse mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to evolve into neural lineage cells in a laboratory setting. They found that these MSCs could indeed become neuron-like cells, with the promise of future applications in nerve injury treatments.

Focus of the Study

  • The study was aimed at understanding the manipulative capability of equine mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) – these are prime cells that can potentially develop into a variety of cell types. More specifically, the researchers wanted to see if these cells could differentiate into neural lineage cells, effectively becoming cells that can play a role in the nervous system.

Methodology

  • MSCs were derived from the bone marrow of both young and adult horses for the experiment. The researchers applied neural inductions on the MSCs and observed them at various points of time.
  • In order to promote proliferation (a process that enables cells to reproduce and create more of their kind) and differentiation (whereby cells transform to take up specific roles), the researchers utilized commercially available nitrogen-coated tissue culture plates.
  • Morphological changes, indications of the cell’s physical transformation and its eventual ability to adjust and take on a designated function, were observed immediately, with all cells showing characteristics similar to neural crest cells.
  • The researchers also examined the expression of neural progenitor proteins, precursors to more mature neural cells, through methods such as Western blot or immunofluorescence.

Findings

  • The research noted that the MSCs derived from both young and middle-aged horses exhibited no differences in their ability to undergo the transformation process. However, the impact of cell passage number, which represents the number of times cells have been removed from their culture and replanted for growth, remained inconsistent. The authors highlighted the need for further research in this area.
  • The long-term goal of the study is to trans-differentiate these MSCs into Schwann cells, a type of cell that envelops nerve fibers in the peripheral nervous system and is vital for nerve function. The trans-differentiated cells could then potentially be implanted into a peripheral nerve injury in horses for treatment.

Cite This Article

APA
Cruz Villagrán C, Amelse L, Neilsen N, Dunlap J, Dhar M. (2014). Differentiation of equine mesenchymal stromal cells into cells of neural lineage: potential for clinical applications. Stem Cells Int, 2014, 891518. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/891518

Publication

Stem cells international
ISSN: 1687-966X
NlmUniqueID: 101535822
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 2014
Pages: 891518
PII: 891518

Researcher Affiliations

Cruz Villagrán, Claudia
  • Department of Comparative and Experimental Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA ; Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
Amelse, Lisa
  • Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
Neilsen, Nancy
  • Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
Dunlap, John
  • Advanced Microscopy and Imaging Center, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
Dhar, Madhu
  • Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.

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Citations

This article has been cited 6 times.
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