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Home / Equine Research Bank / Animals (Basel) / Factors Associated with Fatality in Ontario Thoroughbred Rac...
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2021; 11(10); 2950; doi: 10.3390/ani11102950

Factors Associated with Fatality in Ontario Thoroughbred Racehorses: 2003-2015.

Abstract: Ontario's Alcohol and Gaming Commission records equine racing fatalities through its Equine Health Program. The present study examined all Thoroughbred fatalities from 2003 to 2015, inclusive, to identify associations. Official records and details of fatalities were combined in multivariable logistic regression modelling of 236,386 race work-events (433 fatalities), and 459,013 workout work-events (252 fatalities). Fatality rates were 2.94/1000 race starts (all fatalities) and 1.96/1000 (breakdowns only) with an overall rate of 2.61% or 26.1 fatalities/1000 horses. Comparison with published reports reveals rates to be high. Musculoskeletal injury was the predominant complaint and there was a high incidence of horses dying suddenly. Liability was high for young horses early in the season with a differential according to sex and whether a male horse was gelded. Horses undertaking repeated workouts had a higher liability and liability was higher in workouts for horses switching from dirt/synthetic to turf racing and for young horses in sprints. Race distance was not significant but high fatality rates in some large field, distance races combined with effects of age and workload identified groups at particular risk. As field size increased, fatality liability increased for early-finishing horses. Findings suggest jockey strategy could be an important factor influencing fatalities. Probability of fatality declined over the study period. Findings indicate that rapid accumulation of workload in animals early in their preparation is likely to be damaging. Fatality fell toward the end of a season and for horses with a long career history of successful performance; however, horses not exhibiting this robustness and staying power represent the population of greatest concern. Associations may be characterised as representing sources of stress, current or cumulative, and identifying at-risk animals on this basis may be as productive as targeting specific, discrete mechanisms suspected to contribute to individual fatalities.
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Publication Date: 2021-10-13 PubMed ID: 34679971PubMed Central: PMC8532649DOI: 10.3390/ani11102950Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research investigates factors contributing to horse fatalities in Thoroughbred racing in Ontario, Canada, between 2003 and 2015. Researchers examined numerous factors, such as horse age, sex, track surface, and the amount of workload, to ascertain their effects on fatalities.

Study Methodology

  • The study made use of records from Ontario’s Alcohol and Gaming Commission, which documents horse racing fatalities through its Equine Health Program.
  • The researchers examined these records, including details of each horse’s demise, over a 12-year span, from 2003 to 2015.
  • A total of 236,386 race work-events which resulted in 433 fatalities, and 459,013 workout work-events which led to 252 fatalities were analysed.
  • The methodology included multivariable logistic regression modeling which allows the simultaneous examination of the effects of multiple variables on the likelihood of horse fatalities.

Key Findings

  • Horse fatalities occurred at a rate of 2.94 per 1000 race starts, with an overall rate of 2.61%, or 26.1 fatalities per 1000 horses.
  • The primary cause of death was musculoskeletal injury, with a significant number of horses also dying suddenly.
  • Young, male horses, especially those that are not gelded, presented a higher fatality risk, particularly at the beginning of the racing season.
  • Horses that frequently switched from dirt or synthetic racing to turf racing showed a higher liability of fatality.
  • The research also identified race distance as a non-significant factor, though large field, distant races, and high workload could create a higher risk for specific horse groups.
  • The study found a greater fatality risk for early-finishing horses as the field size increased, suggesting that the strategies employed by jockeys could noticeably influence the likelihood of fatalities.
  • The overall horse fatality rate appeared to have decreased throughout the duration of the study period.
  • Career-length and performance success seemed to contribute to reduced fatality risk as well, although horses without such longevity remained the most concerning population.

Implications of the Findings

  • The research highlighted the importance of careful management of the workload, especially for younger horses in the early stages of the racing season.
  • The study also suggested the need for further investigation into track surfaces and racing conditions.
  • The findings imply that all the examined factors contributed to stress levels in the horses, which in turn affected the fatality rates.
  • Specifically identifying high-risk horses early on may be as effective for reducing fatalities as targeting discrete, specific mechanisms known to lead to deaths.

Cite This Article

APA
Physick-Sheard P, Avison A, Sears W. (2021). Factors Associated with Fatality in Ontario Thoroughbred Racehorses: 2003-2015. Animals (Basel), 11(10), 2950. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11102950

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 11
Issue: 10
PII: 2950

Researcher Affiliations

Physick-Sheard, Peter
  • Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
Avison, Amanda
  • DVM Program, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
Sears, William
  • Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.

Grant Funding

  • EG2014-05 / Equine Guelph

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 3 times.
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