Influence of fecal shedding of Salmonella organisms on mortality in hospitalized horses.
Abstract: To predict mortality of horses by use of clinical data from the first day of hospitalization, to determine whether fecal shedding of Salmonella organisms is related to severity of clinical disease, and to determine the impact of fecal shedding of Salmonella organisms on mortality. Methods: Prospective study. Methods: 1,446 hospitalized horses. Methods: Medical information was obtained from horses hospitalized in an intensive care unit or isolation facility during a 4.5-year period. A model was created to predict mortality, using covariates determined on the day of admission. Predicted mortality provided a measure of clinical condition. Predicted mortality was compared between horses that were and were not shedding Salmonella organisms in their feces to determine whether shedding was associated with severity of disease. Predicted and observed mortality between horses were also compared to evaluate the association between fecal shedding of Salmonella organisms and mortality. Results: 92 horses were identified as shedding Salmonella organisms. In a multivariable model, 4 variables (heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, and clinical management) were associated with mortality. A higher predicted probability of death was observed in horses that shed Salmonella krefeld or more than 1 serotype. Relative risk (RR) of mortality was high for horses shedding S typhimurium (RR, 1.94; 95% confidence interval, 1.04 to 3.59) and multiple serotypes (RR, 4.75; 95% confidence interval, 2.29 to 9.84). When the clinical condition (i.e., prior predicted probability of death) was taken into consideration, fecal shedding of Salmonella organisms was not significantly associated with mortality. Conclusions: In this horse population, fecal shedding of S krefeld was associated with more severe clinical conditions at the time of admission; however, fecal shedding of Salmonella organisms during hospitalization did not alter predicted mortality.
Publication Date: 1998-10-27 PubMed ID: 9787385
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The article focuses on understanding whether fecal shedding of Salmonella organisms in hospitalized horses contributes to mortality or not, using clinical data from their first day of hospitalization. Upon analysis, it was found that while fecal shedding of certain Salmonella serotypes was linked to severe clinical conditions upon admission, it did not significantly impact the predicted mortality.
Research Methodology
- A prospective study was conducted, which means data was gathered over a specific period without manipulating the subject’s environment.
- The study involved 1,446 hospitalized horses.
- The data used was medical information from horses that were hospitalized in an intensive care unit or isolation facility during a 4.5-year period.
- On the day of admission for each horse, various parameters including the heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, and clinical management were logged. These served as data points for the predictive model.
- With this model, the predicted mortality was compared between horses that were and were not shedding Salmonella organisms in their feces to deduce if shedding was related to the severity of the disease.
Findings and Results
- From the sampled population, 92 horses were identified as shedding Salmonella organisms.
- The predicted mortality was higher in horses that shed either Salmonella krefeld or more than one serotype.
- Significant relative risks of mortality were found in horses shedding S typhimurium and multiple serotypes.
- However, when the clinical condition or prior predicted probability of death was factored in, fecal shedding of Salmonella organisms was found not to be significantly associated with mortality.
Conclusions
- The study concluded that in the sampled horse population, fecal shedding of S krefeld was linked with more severe clinical conditions at the time of admission.
- Despite this, fecal shedding of Salmonella organisms during hospitalization did not alter the predicted mortality suggesting that shedding may not necessarily affect the survival chances of hospitalized horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Mainar-Jaime RC, House JK, Smith BP, Hird DW, House AM, Kamiya DY.
(1998).
Influence of fecal shedding of Salmonella organisms on mortality in hospitalized horses.
J Am Vet Med Assoc, 213(8), 1162-1166.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616-8737, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Feces / microbiology
- Female
- Horse Diseases / microbiology
- Horse Diseases / mortality
- Horses
- Hospitalization
- Hospitals, Animal / statistics & numerical data
- Male
- Probability
- Prospective Studies
- Retrospective Studies
- Salmonella / isolation & purification
- Salmonella Infections, Animal / microbiology
- Salmonella Infections, Animal / mortality
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Amory H, Cesarini C, De Maré L, Loublier C, Moula N, Detilleux J, Saulmont M, Garigliany MM, Lecoq L. Relationship between the Cycle Threshold Value (Ct) of a Salmonella spp. qPCR Performed on Feces and Clinical Signs and Outcome in Horses. Microorganisms 2023 Jul 30;11(8).
- Burgess BA, Morley PS. Risk factors for veterinary hospital environmental contamination with Salmonella enterica. Epidemiol Infect 2018 Jul;146(10):1282-1292.
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