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Resolving an inflammatory concept: the importance of inflammation and resolution in tendinopathy.
Abstract: Injuries to the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in equine athletes, but the healing response is poorly understood. One important drive for the healing of connective tissues is the inflammatory cascade, but the role of inflammation in tendinopathy has been contentious in the literature. This article reviews the processes involved in the healing of tendon injuries in natural disease and experimental models. The importance of inflammatory processes known to be active in tendon disease is discussed with particular focus on recent findings related specifically to the horse. Whilst inflammation is necessary for debridement after injury, persistent inflammation is thought to drive fibrosis, a perceived adverse consequence of tendon healing. Therefore the ability to resolve inflammation by the resident cell populations in tendons at an appropriate time would be crucial for successful outcome. This review summarises new evidence for the importance of resolution of inflammation after tendon injury. Given that many anti-inflammatory drugs suppress both inflammatory and resolving components of the inflammatory response, prolonged use of these drugs may be contraindicated as a therapeutic approach. We propose that these findings have profound implications not only for current treatment strategies but also for the possibility of developing novel therapeutic approaches involving modulation of the inflammatory process.
Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2014-01-31 PubMed ID: 24556326PubMed Central: PMC3991845DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2014.01.007Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
- Review
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The study explores the critical role of inflammation and its resolution in the healing process of tendon injuries in horses, specifically superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) injuries. The paper also debates the long-term use of anti-inflammatory drugs due to their potential interference with the natural healing processes of the body.
Study Context and Overview
- This research addresses tendon injuries in equine athletes, particularly focusing on the healing of the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT), which holds significant implications for the horse’s mobility. Tendon healing has been misunderstood despite its crucial relevance to the well-being of equine athletes.
Inflammation and Healing
- Inflammation plays a vital role in the healing of connective tissues post-injury. Contrary to certain schools of thought, the study asserts the necessary function of inflammation in tendon disease. This review of the existing literature on healing processes highlights the activity of inflammatory processes in tendon disease.
- The inflammation process is crucial for debris removal after an injury. Nevertheless, when it persists, inflammation leads to fibrosis, which ends up hampering the healing process of tendons. As such, it’s crucial for the tendons’ resident cell populations to timely resolve inflammation for a successful outcome.
Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Healing
- Many anti-inflammatory drugs suppress both inflammation and its resolution. This factor leads the researchers to question the prolonged use of these medications due to the potential side effects they may pose on the healing process.
- The researchers propose that the findings might have significant implications for treatment strategies currently in use. In addition, they may open up possibilities for creating innovative therapeutic approaches that involve tweaking the inflammatory process.
Proposed Implications and Future Research
- This review provides new evidence supporting the importance of inflammatory resolution after a tendon injury. The authors imply that the study’s results might fundamentally change not only current treatment methods but also lead to the development of new therapies.
- The study introduces a new perspective on tendon healing strategies by proposing that managing inflammation instead of merely suppressing it could lead to more effective treatments. This idea invites more extensive research into this area to establish these claims and refine the proposed therapeutic approaches further.
Cite This Article
APA
Dakin SG, Dudhia J, Smith RK.
(2014).
Resolving an inflammatory concept: the importance of inflammation and resolution in tendinopathy.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol, 158(3-4), 121-127.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2014.01.007 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Royal Veterinary College, Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, North Mymms, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, United Kingdom. Electronic address: stephanie.dakin@ndorms.ox.ac.uk.
- Royal Veterinary College, Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, North Mymms, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, United Kingdom.
- Royal Veterinary College, Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, North Mymms, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, United Kingdom.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Cytokines / physiology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Horse Diseases / physiopathology
- Horse Diseases / therapy
- Horses
- Humans
- Inflammation / physiopathology
- Inflammation / therapy
- Inflammation / veterinary
- Inflammation Mediators / physiology
- Prostaglandins / physiology
- Tendinopathy / physiopathology
- Tendinopathy / therapy
- Tendinopathy / veterinary
- Wound Healing / physiology
Grant Funding
- BB/F018258/1 / Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
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