Omneity® Pellets
All-In-One Vitamin & Mineral Pellet
Topic:Arabian Horses
Arabian horses are a distinct breed known for their endurance, intelligence, and distinctive physical characteristics, including a refined head shape and high tail carriage. Originating from the Arabian Peninsula, these horses have played a significant role in the development of various modern horse breeds. Their genetic makeup contributes to their unique attributes, which include a strong cardiovascular system and efficient energy metabolism, making them well-suited for long-distance riding and endurance competitions. This page aggregates peer-reviewed research studies and scholarly articles that explore the genetics, physiology, and performance attributes of Arabian horses, as well as their influence on other horse breeds and their role in equine sports and breeding programs.
Incarceration of the jejunum in the epiploic foramen of a four month old foal. A 4-month Arabian filly presented for abdominal pain of 30 hours duration was found to have tachycardia, tachypnea, congested mucous membranes and gross abdominal distension. Further examination disclosed gastric reflux and small intestinal distension. Dehydration, prerenal azotemia, electrolyte abnormalities and metabolic alkalemia were observed. There was a progressive nonresponse to analgesic medication and deterioration in the foal's physiologic condition consistent with a small intestinal strangulating obstruction. Surgical exploration was declined. Necropsy examination revealed incarcera...
[Cryopreservation trial with semen of purebred Arabian and Haflinger stallions in the Turkish national stud in Karacabey]. Within a German-Turkish university partnership deep freezing preservation of stallion semen was performed as a part project of the cooperation contract. In this study a modification of the introduced Makrotüb method was used for semen freezing. The investigated characteristics of fresh semen of the Arab stallions were in the normal range cited in the international literature. However, the semen data obtained from the Haflinger stallions were markedly and partially significantly in lower range than measured for the Arab stallions. This may reflect an incomplete adaptation process of the import...
[Estrus synchronization and insemination results in Arabian mares in the Eskisehir stud]. An Arab broodmare herd of 30 mares age ranging from 4 to 12 years was grouped into 3 groups (group A, B, C) with 10 mares each and exposed to three different methods of cycle synchronisation. Group A mares received two PGF2 alpha injections 14 days apart. Group B mares got additionally 2,500 IU of hCG 5 days after second prostaglandin application. Group C consisted of mares which had foaled in a synchrony of one week and got a PGF2 alpha injection 3 weeks after parturition. All the mares responding to synchronisation were inseminated closely to ovulation detected by serial rectal palpations wi...
Hepatic lobe torsion as a cause of colic in a horse. A 14-year-old Arabian gelding was examined for colic. An exploratory celiotomy was subsequently performed and the left lobe of the liver was found to be twisted. The lobe was resected using a TA-90 surgical stapling instrument. Histologic examination of the resected liver indicated portal vein and sinusoid dilation and congestion with blood. There were focal areas of necrosis and bacterial cocci and rods throughout the section. The histologic findings were consistent with hepatic lobe torsion. After surgery, the horse was treated with broad spectrum antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, hepari...
Maturation of insulin and glucose responses to normal feeding in foals. Postprandial insulin and glucose concentrations were measured in 3 Arabian and 3 Thoroughbred foals at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month and 3 months of age. Prefeeding serum insulin concentrations were similar in foals at 1 day (25.9 +/- 5.1 pmol/L), 1 week (32.4 +/- 5.8 pmol/L), and 1 month (38.2 +/- 7.9 pmol/L), but had increased significantly to 131.0 +/- 20.2 pmol/L at 3 months of age (P < 0.05). There was significantly increased serum insulin secretion after a feed in foals at 3 months of age (P < 0.05) when compared with that at younger ages. Prefeeding serum glucose concentrations ranged fr...
Use of a modified Roux-en-Y procedure for treatment of pyloroduodenal obstruction in a horse. A modification of the Roux-en-Y anastomosis procedure was used to bypass a pyloroduodenal mass in a 12-year-old Arabian stallion. Clinical signs had consisted of a 4-week progression of ventral and hind limb edema, hypoproteinemia, fecal occult blood, intermittent abdominal pain, weight loss, and gastric reflux. On exploratory celiotomy, an obstructive mass was found in the pylorus and proximal portion of the duodenum. Gastrojejunostomy and duodenojejunostomy were performed by use of stapled side-to-side anastomosis techniques. Inaccessibility of the obstructed pyloric region prevented resecti...
Repair of a proximal metatarsal Salter type-II fracture in a foal. Bilateral radiographically persistent proximal third metatarsal physes and concurrent cuboidal bone immaturity were identified in a foal. Repair of a Salter type-II fracture of the left proximal third metatarsal physis was accomplished by use of lag screw fixation. A 6-day-old Arabian foal, intended for use as a show horse, was referred because of severe unilateral hind limb lameness and valgus deformity. A Salter type-II fracture of the proximal portion of the third metacarpal bone was identified radiographically and repaired by use of cancellous lag screws. The fractured limb was further sup...
Skeletal muscle histochemistry in male and female Andalusian and Arabian horses of different ages. Muscle biopsies were taken from the middle gluteal muscle of 143 untrained horses (83 Andalusians [AN] and 60 Arabians [AR]) ranging from 10 days to 24 years old. The horses were separated according to breed and sex and allotted to five age groups: A, 0 to three months; B, yearlings; C, two to three years; D, five to 10 years; and E, 11 to 24 years. There was an increase in the percentage of type I fibres (about 100 per cent) as well as a decrease in the percentage of type IIB fibres (AN, 50 per cent; AR, 40 per cent) over the five age groups. The percentage of type IIA fibres rose significant...
Stress reactions and stress fractures of the proximal palmar aspect of the third metacarpal bone in horses: 58 cases (1980-1990). The case records, radiographs, and nuclear bone scans of 58 horses with stress reactions or stress fractures of the proximal palmar aspect of the third metacarpal bone (MC3) were reviewed. There were 47 Standardbreds, 4 Quarter Horses, 3 Thoroughbreds, 2 Arabians, 1 Oldenburg, and 1 Pony of America. Fifty-six of the horses were racehorses or performance horses. The mean and median ages of affected horses were 4 and 3 years, respectively. Lameness ranged from mild to severe. Physical findings were usually subtle and included signs of pain on deep palpation of the proximal palmar aspect of MC3 a...
Arthroscopic surgery for osteochondritis dissecans of the femoropatellar joint of the horse. Arthroscopic surgery for the treatment of osteochondritis dissecans was undertaken on 252 femoropatellar joints in 161 horses (82 Thoroughbreds, 39 Quarter Horses, 16 Arabians, 9 Warmbloods and 15 others of various breeds). There were 53 females and 108 males. Twenty-two horses were 1 year of age at the time of surgery, 68 were yearlings, 36 were 2-year-olds, 21 were 3-year-olds, and 14 were > or = 4 years old. Ninety-one had bilateral involvement and 70 had unilateral disease. Follow-up information was obtained on 134 horses, including 79 racehorses and 55 non-racehorses: 86 (64%) of these...
Arthroscopic removal of a palmar radial osteochondroma causing carpal canal syndrome in a horse. A 5-year-old Arabian stallion with moderate effusion in the right carpal canal and intermittent lameness in this limb was diagnosed to have an osteochondroma projecting from the distal portion of the radius into the carpal canal. oral phenylbutazone treatment over the next 3 years allowed the stallion to continue its show career. Right forelimb lameness returned at that time, and ultrasonography revealed the osteochondroma impinging on the dorsal surface of the deep digital flexor tendon. The owner elected to have the osteochondroma surgically removed. The horse was anesthetized, and the carpa...
Repair of a supraglenoid tuberosity fracture in a horse. A 14-month-old Arabian colt was admitted for treatment of an articular fracture of the supraglenoid tubercle of the right forelimb. Successful repair was achieved by use of three 5.5-mm cortical screws placed in lag fashion across the fracture line. In other reports of supraglenoid tubercle fractures in horses, investigators have preferred conservative management or surgical removal of the fragment, because of limited success with internal fixation. Use of three 5.5-mm screws placed in lag fashion may offer an alternative method of treatment in selected cases of supraglenoid tubercle fractures...
Unusual selective immunoglobulin deficiency in an Arabian foal. A 10-month-old Arabian foal was evaluated for a suspected immunoglobulin (Ig) M deficiency. Decreased to nondetectable concentrations of IgM, IgA, and IgG (T), and a normal concentration of IgG, were present. Results of in vitro testing of the blood lymphocyte blastogenesis showed a weak response to the B-cell mitogen, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), but normal responses to T-cell mitogens. Results of postmortem examination showed synovitis of the left tibiotarsal and both scapulohumeral joints. Atrophy and edema of the lymph nodes and lymphocyte depletion in the thymus and spleen were seen. A subac...
Septic metritis secondary to torsion of a pedunculated uterine fibroleiomyoma in a filly. A 2-year-old Arabian filly was referred for evaluation of a serosanguineous vaginal discharge. Palpation per rectum revealed a large, fluid-filled uterus and a uterine mass. The filly developed septic metritis and secondary laminitis as a result of torsion and necrosis of a pedunculated uterine mass. Ovariohysterectomy was performed. The entire cervix was removed with the uterus. Gross examination of the excised uterus revealed 3 intraluminal masses. Histologic evaluation identified the tumors as fibroleiomyoma. The filly recovered completely, and there was no recurrence of the tumor.
Septic cholangitis and peritonitis in a gelding. An 8-year-old Arabian gelding with septic cholangitis and peritonitis was successfully treated with trimethoprim/sulfadiazine. The gelding was referred for evaluation of signs of abdominal pain, icterus, fever, and weight loss. Peritoneal fluid analysis revealed septic and suppurative peritonitis. Culture of the peritoneal fluid yielded Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, which were sensitive to trimethoprim/sulfadiazine. On the basis of results of hepatic ultrasonography, a diagnosis of septic cholangitis also was made. The horse was treated with 30 mg of trimethoprim/sulfadiazine/kg,...
Factors associated with the risk of developing sarcoid tumours in horses. A retrospective case-control study was conducted to identify risk factors in horses associated with the development of the common skin tumours known as sarcoids. The study involved 503 sarcoid cases diagnosed (January 1980-December 1989) at New York State College of Veterinary Medicine and a similar number of controls (non-sarcoid cases). Data on age, breed and sex of cases and controls were obtained from computerised records. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors. Separate data were obtained for the same 10-year period from the Veterinary Medical Data Program...
Skeletal muscle fiber size in untrained and endurance-trained horses. The mean area and minimal diameter of 3 histochemically determined myofiber types (1, 2A, and 2B; myosin ATPase in acid buffer) were calculated in middle gluteal muscle biopsy specimens from 62 stallions, 47 Andalusians and 15 Arabians, ranging in age from 6 to 12 years. Fourteen Andalusians and 7 Arabians were untrained, and the remainder were actively endurance-trained. The 6-month training schedules involved walking, slow trotting, and cantering. Fourteen Andalusians were moderately endurance-trained, whereas the other 19 Andalusians and 8 Arabians were strongly endurance-trained. Significa...
Anesthetic management of an incisional dehiscence in recovery following exploratory laparotomy in a horse. A 5-year old Arabian mare fell during recovery from general anesthesia after an exploratory laparotomy. This fall resulted in dehiscence of the abdominal closure, and a substantial amount of intestines were exteriorized. Chemical and manual restraints were rapidly used to prevent trauma to the exposed intestines. A second general anesthesia was initiated to clean the intestines and close the incision. Multiple anesthetic problems were encountered, including arterial hypotension and hypoxemia. The horse recovered from the second general anesthesia and surgery, and all complications gradually re...
Factors that influence passive transfer of immunoglobulins in foals. Effects of farm management, breed, mare age, gestation duration, and climatologic factors on colostral specific gravity, colostral IgG concentration, and foal serum IgG concentration were evaluated. Climatologic variables measured were daily maximal, minimal, and mean air temperature, precipitation, average relative humidity, and total solar radiation. Presuckle, postpartum colostrum samples were collected from 140 Standardbred, 94 Thoroughbred, and 59 Arabian mares from January through June during 1985 and 1986. Thoroughbred (farm A, n = 61; farm B, n = 33) and Arabian (farm C, n = 45; farm D...
Free fatty acids in exercising Arabian horses fed two common diets. Four Arabian geldings were used in a randomized, repeated measure design to study the effect of two different diets on plasma free fatty acids at rest and during exercise. On each of four sampling days, two horses were fed one of two isoenergetic diets, either 100% corn or 100% alfalfa, at 22% of their estimated daily energy requirement. Two hours after the consumption of the diet, each horse participated in a submaximal standard exercise test consisting of three consecutive 10-min runs of increasing intensity at heart rates of 132, 140 and 147 beats/min, respectively. There were no significan...
DNA fingerprinting in horses using a simple (TG)n probe and its application to population comparisons. A synthetic polynucleotide (TG)n was hybridized to equine DNA digested with HinfI and hypervariable hybridization patterns were obtained. Mendelian inheritance of these DNA fingerprinting patterns was confirmed by pedigree analysis. Estimates of the probabilities of identical band patterns in unrelated individuals of different breeds (Swedish Trotters, North Swedish Trotters, Thoroughbreds and Arabians) were in the range 1 x 10(-4) - 7 x 10(-6). The variability derived with the (TG)n probe in horses was higher than what we obtained with several other commonly used probes for DNA fingerprinting...
Spermatozoal head defect as a cause of infertility in a stallion. A 9-year-old Arabian stallion with a 3-year history of infertility was evaluated for breeding soundness. Both testes were small. Ultrasonography revealed a small amount of free fluid between the tunics of both testes. Results of cytologic examination of the fluid were unremarkable. On semen examination, progressive motility was 10%, and total number of spermatozoa in the ejaculate was 6.6 x 10(9), of which 92% were abnormal. Predominant abnormalities were head defects (75%): 57% of the heads had single or multiple vacuoles, and 60% also had midpiece swelling or bending.
[Survey of the reproductive features and insemination/mating results in full blood Arabian and Haflinger mare herds on stud farms in west and middle Anatolia]. Within a German-Turkish university partnership documentation of reproductive data of brood-mares was performed as a part project of the cooperation contract. In the study Arab, Haflinger and cross-breed mares were included. The mares mainly were housed in big studfarms and a smaller part was kept under small private farms. Almost three quarters of both the Arab and Haflinger mares exhibited an estrous length of 1-4 days, whereas the others showed a heat duration of a period of 5-10 days. In the same group of probands a mean length of sexual cycle of 18-24 days could be observed in 38.2% of the...
Excision of oral squamous cell carcinoma in a horse. A large oral squamous cell carcinoma in a 27-year-old Arabian stallion was removed by partial excision of the incisive bone. There was no gross evidence of recurrence or metastasis 5 months later.
