Equine health encompasses the study and management of diseases, disorders, and overall well-being of horses. It involves understanding various physiological systems, preventive care, and treatment strategies to maintain optimal health in equine populations. Common areas of focus include nutrition, infectious diseases, orthopedic conditions, and reproductive health. Research in equine health aims to advance knowledge on diagnostic methods, therapeutic interventions, and management practices that improve horse welfare and performance. This page collects peer-reviewed research studies and scholarly articles that explore the diverse aspects of equine health, offering insights into current findings and advancements in the field.
Loy RG, Swan SM.Progesterone in oil solution injected into mares intramuscularly in midcycle blocked estrus and ovulation at levels of 100 mg. per day or higher. Fifty milligrams per day prevented estrus but not ovulation. The interval from end of treatment to estrus appeared to depend upon dosage, and the effects on subsequent cyclic patterns were confounded by season of the year. Neither 50 nor 100 mg. per day stopped estrus or blocked ovulation when treatment was started on day 1 of estrus. Injection of 100 mg. per day of progesterone in oil delayed postpartum estrus and ovulation, but 50 mg. per day did n...
Weir RC, Porter RR.A study of the chemical structure of the horse immunoglobulins IgG and IgA(T) has shown that the amino acid contents of the peptide chains are very similar. These globulins differ most markedly in the products of papain digestion. IgG gives 3.5s products, whereas IgA(T) gives a 5s fraction and smaller components. This difference appears to be associated with the presence of an additional easily reducible disulphide bond in the Fd fragment of the heavy chain. There is two to three times as much carbohydrate in IgA(T) as in IgG. In both, this is in the heavy chain and in IgA(T) more than half is...
Darlington RW, James C.Darlington, R. W. (St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tenn.), and C. James. Biological and morphological aspects of the growth of equine abortion virus. J. Bacteriol. 92:250-257. 1966.-The growth of equine abortion virus (EAV) was studied by bioassay and electron microscopy in L-cell monolayer and suspension cultures, and in HeLa and BHK 21/13 cell monolayers. Results of virus assay (plaque-forming units) indicated that production of cell-associated virus (CAV) began at 6 to 9 hr after infection in all of the cell strains used. Virus release occurred 1 to 2 hr later. By 15 to 20 h...
Gunson DE.Despite being a very widespread protein, collagen is an unusual molecule possessing a great tensile strength conferred by a rope-like structure and intermolecular crosslinks. Our current knowledge of the biosynthesis of collagen is providing some insights into certain diseases of connective tissue and is also helping us to understand the healing processes of wounds and diseased tissues.
Gronwall R.Endogenous creatinine clearance and renal excretion of phenylbutazone, osmotically active material, and compounds contributing to the urinary refractive index were studied in 12 Thoroughbred mares after no treatment, after water administration, or after furosemide administration. Urine was quantitatively collected, using urinary bladder catheters. On average, urine flow of the mares was 9 microliters/min/kg without treatment and increased to about 50 microliters/min/kg after water administration and to about 70 microliters/min/kg after furosemide administration. Water administration increased ...
Sanford J.The usefulness of an antibiotic depends not only upon its antibacterial potency and spectrum but also on the prevalence of resistant organisms and the extent and severity of the adverse reactions to which it may give rise. Variations in formulation of the same compound are reflected in differences in bioavailability. These may be intentional, as in the development of long-acting preparations, but may also be unexpected following differences in drug purity, content and gastro-intestinal absorption. Individual and species differences in treated animals also result in variations in bioavailabilit...
Timoney PJ, Dillon PB, Geraghty VP, McArdle JF.Aspects of experimental transmission of the causal bacterium of contagious equine metritis (CEM) to albino Swiss mice were investigated. Whereas infection was established in the majority of female mice, the organism was recovered from only a limited number of male mice after challenge. No clinical evidence of infection was observed in the experimental mice. There was only one instance of presumptive venereal transmission of the CEM bacterium. One third of infected females conceived and had normal litters.
Shand N, Irvine CH, Turner JE, Alexander SL.Jugular blood samples were collected at 4 h intervals from six mares during an oestrous cycle to study the hormonal events that occur around the time of luteolysis. Blood samples from day 10 (day 0 = ovulation) until day 3 of oestrus were assayed for prostaglandin metabolite 13,14-dihydro-15-keto PGF2alpha (PGFM), oxytocin, prolactin, progesterone and oestrogen conjugates. PGF2alpha (0.5 or 1.5 mg) was administered to six mid-dioestrous mares and the oxytocin and prolactin responses were measured. One to five large (peak > or =2 x nadir) pulses of PGFM, oxytocin and prolactin were detected ...
Moslemi S, Silberzahn P, Gaillard JL.19-Norandrostenedione was synthesized in vitro from dehydroepiandrosterone by explants of equine full-term placenta. The synthesis of 19-norandrostenedione was inhibited by two specific aromatase inhibitors, 4-hydroxyandrostenedione and fadrozole.
Cermák O.An attempt was made to express the relationship of spermiological characteristics with the fertility on the basis of seasonal variability of the fertility of stallions and of the ejaculate quality. A positive correlation between the activity of spermatozoa and the fertility ensues from the values of correlation coefficients. There is a negative correlation between the fertility and the concentration of citric acid. In the other characteristics, i.e. in the production of spermatozoa, volume of gel substance, pH, ergothioneine concentration, polarographic and hemolytic activity, the correlation ...
Pal AK, Gupta T, Chatterjee A.A single consistent luteolytic dose of 10 IU PMSG given on day 5 of pregnancy caused complete resorption of foetuses and placentae associated with a polyfollicular ovarian state in rats. Concomitant treatment with progesterone or prolactin given concurrently with PMSG was found to overcome the antifertility efficacy of PMSG and maintained the endocrine balance favouring pregnancy maintenance. It was postulated that the PMSG-induced ovarian polyfolliculogenesis might be responsible for luteolysis of the corpus luteum gravidarum.
Berndtson WE, Jones LS.Testes were obtained from 47 1-20-year-old stallions during the natural breeding season. Total testicular testosterone and testosterone/g testis increased with age (P less than 0.005), and total testicular testosterone was associated with larger testis size (P less than 0.05). Neither testosterone per gram nor per paired testes were related to total Sertoli cell number (P greater than 0.05), but greater testosterone per paired testes was associated with fewer Sertoli cells per unit of seminiferous tubule length (P less than 0.005) or basement membrane area (P less than 0.02) and with a higher ...
Breuil MF, Joseph M, Petry S.The gold standard method to isolate and identify Taylorella equigenitalis, the contagious agent of equine metritis, is the culture method according to the World Organisation for Animal Health Terrestrial Manual. No selective T. equigenitalis chocolate agar medium has been developed since the 1980s and the existing media show limited performances due to the fastidious nature of T. equigenitalis and the presence of interfering bacteria in the genital tract of equines. Here, the growth rates of 6 T. equigenitalis strains and 7 non-T. equigenitalis strains were compared on Timoney's selective medi...
Simon O, Laverty S, Bouré L, Marcoux M, O Szöke M.To describe the outcome after arthroscopic electrosurgical excision of axial osteochondral (OC) fragments of the proximal plantar aspect of the 1st phalanx (P1) in horses. Methods: Retrospective study. Methods: Twenty-three Standardbred racehorses. Methods: Medical records of Standardbred racehorses that had arthroscopic dissection of axial OC fragments of the proximal plantar aspect of P1 with electrocautery probes were reviewed. Horses were positioned in dorsal recumbency; a 1.5% glycine solution was used to maintain joint distension. The arthroscope portal was in the proximal plantar joint ...
