Medical procedures in horses encompass a wide range of interventions performed to diagnose, treat, or prevent health issues in equine patients. These procedures can include diagnostic imaging, surgical interventions, dental care, reproductive techniques, and emergency treatments. Each procedure is designed to address specific health concerns and is carried out by trained veterinary professionals. Diagnostic imaging, such as radiography and ultrasonography, is used to visualize internal structures and identify abnormalities. Surgical procedures may be performed to correct injuries, remove tumors, or address congenital defects. Dental procedures focus on maintaining oral health, which is vital for proper nutrition and overall well-being. Reproductive techniques, including artificial insemination and embryo transfer, assist in managing breeding programs. Emergency treatments are critical for addressing acute conditions such as colic or traumatic injuries. This page compiles peer-reviewed research studies and scholarly articles that explore the methodologies, advancements, and outcomes associated with various medical procedures in equine care.
McCullagh KG, Silver IA.The historical development of "firing" as a treatment for various complaints in animals and man is followed from the first surviving written account by Vegetius (approximately AD 500) to the present day. Changing concepts as to the mechanism of action of the actual cautery are examined in relation to physiological understanding at various times and conflicting views and evident fallacies are discussed. It is of particular interest that firing of "sinewes" (tendons and ligaments) was expressly forbidden until the 18th century. It is concluded that "firing" is an outmoded practice for which ther...
British medical journalSeptember 13, 1980
Volume 281, Issue 6242 699-702 doi: 10.1136/bmj.281.6242.699
English TA, Cooper DK, Cory-Pearce R.The major factors contributing to the recommencement of clinical heart transplantation in the United Kingdom last year were the steadily improving results from Stanford University, the clarification of the diagnosis of brain death, and advances in preserving donor hearts. Twelve men aged 16 to 52 years received heart transplants at Papworth Hospital from January 1979 to July 1980. Six had cardiomyopathies and six ischaemic heart disease. The donors were aged 16 to 35 (mean 21) years. A combination of road and air transport was used to transport the heart to Papworth in seven cases. The total d...
Najarian JS, Simmons RL, Condie RM, Thompson EJ, Fryd DS, Howard RJ, Matas AJ, Sutherland DE, Ferguson RM, Schmidtke JR.Antibody of the IgGab type can be isolated from horses immunized with cultured human lymphoblasts plus complete Freund's adjuvant. The essential steps for the production of a safe, potent anti-human lymphoblast globulin (ALG) are: A) the use of early bleedings after immunization to reduce the titer of antibodies which react with red blood cells and platelets; B) careful absorption with human red blood cell stroma and platelets; C) stabilization with non-crystalline silica dioxide; D) chromatography through QAE sephadex to remove pyrogens, microaggregates and possible inhibitors of ALG activity...
Phillips AW, Courtenay JS, Ruston RD, Moore J, Baker C, Epps HB.A simple apparatus is described for the collection of plasma from horses while maintaining their blood in extracorporeal circulation. Using this device, nearly 2.5 kg of plasma protein was collected from a horse during a period of 3 weeks without any obvious adverse effect upon the animal. The blood’s packed cell volume showed little variation throughout this period, although its content of plasma protein was found to fall. The normal plasma protein level was almost completely re-established after 3 weeks rest. A horse immunized with tetanus toxoid and subjectcd to repeated cycles of plasmap...
Figueras F, Castelo-Branco C, Pons F, Sanjuán A, Vanrell JA.The aim of the present study was to determine whether assignment to continuous estrogen-progestin therapy is more effective in protecting against bone loss than assignment to a sequential regimen. Methods: A total of 104 postmenopausal women were randomly assigned to one of two groups of treatment, Conjugated Equine Estrogens and Medroxyprogestin without interruption (continuous group) and Conjugated Equine Estrogens over 25 days with Medroxyprogestin beyond the 14th day (sequential group). Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured at inclusion, 12 and 24 months later by dual energy X-ray absorp...
McCullagh KG, Silver IA.The historical development of "firing" as a treatment for various complaints in animals and man is followed from the first surviving written account by Vegetius (approximately AD 500) to the present day. Changing concepts as to the mechanism of action of the actual cautery are examined in relation to physiological understanding at various times and conflicting views and evident fallacies are discussed. It is of particular interest that firing of "sinewes" (tendons and ligaments) was expressly forbidden until the 18th century. It is concluded that "firing" is an outmoded practice for which ther...
Bienzle D.This article describes the indications for sampling of bone marrow, the technical aspects of obtaining marrow core biopsies and aspirates, and the preparation of marrow smears. All aspects are illustrated with clinical cases. The information that can be expected from the pathologist's report of marrow samples is outlined, and the clinical features and prognosis of different types of leukemia are detailed.
Bertone AL.The decision to perform a procedure in the standing patient rather than in a completely anesthetized patient depends on many factors, such as patient health, cost, time, facilities, and anesthetic expertise. Although the procedure often is technically easier to perform if the patient is anesthetized, cost and patient risk considerations may result in a decision to do the surgery standing. Surgical experience in performing procedures standing is important for a successful outcome.
Khor TH.The Lecture covers the author's personal experience in brachytherapy in radiation oncology, beginning with low-dose rate (LDR) treatments using 226Ra "hot" sources, in the 1960s and early 1970s, through manual afterloading for treating gynaecological cancers with the same sources in the 1970s and 1980s, to high-dose rate (HDR) remote afterloading on a microSelectron HDR machine, from 1989 on. This progression in brachytherapy is discussed, and specific applications to various tumour sites are presented, including long-term results of a personal series of 106 patients with cancer of the uterine...
Qin SH, Sun L, Zheng XJ.To explore the Ilizarov mini-invasive distraction technique for the treatment of severer ankle and foot deformities secondary to ischemic contracture of the leg. Methods: Based on the tension-stress low of Ilizarov, a serial of adjustable three dimensions external distractive instrument was developed in our department. From April 2002 to March 2004, 8 patients with ankle and foot deformities secondary to ischemic contracture of the leg induced by trauma and fracture were treated with the distractive instrument. Of them, 4 patient were male and 4 female, aged from 13 to 31 years with an average...
Geddes LA.The benchmarks in cardiac pacing are identified, beginning with F. Steiner (1871), who rhythmically stimulated the chloroform-arrested hearts of 3 horses, 1 donkey, 10 dogs, 14 cats, and 8 rabbits. The chloroform-arrested heart in human subjects was paced by T. Greene in the following year (1872) in the UK. In 1882, H. Ziemssen in Germany applied cardiac pacing to a 42-year old woman who had a large defect in the anterior left chest wall subsequent to resection of an enchondroma. Intentional cardiac pacing did not occur until 1932, when A.A. Hyman in the US demonstrated that cardiac pacing cou...
Chans-Veres J, Albiñana-Cunningham J, Quintela JM, Pereira E, Tejero S.Surgery for severe equine cavo-varus is complex and must be individualized. The interindividual phenotypic variability demands a personalized planning of each foot to be operated. The study's primary goal was to evaluate the function and satisfaction of a series of patients with severe equinus cavo-varus deformity who underwent a triplanar tarsectomy and transposition of the posterior tibial tendon in a single stage surgery after a patient specific 3D biomodel planning. A series of 12 feet (5 patients bilaterally) operated with this technique was analyzed. The cohort comprised 2 females (28.5 ...
Gonzalez-Cantero JL, Del Valle Diéguez M, Monteserín Matesanz C, Saura Lorente J, Villoria Medina F, Fortea Gil F, Castro Reyes E.We report a case of traumatic intracranial carotid artery pseudoaneurysm treated with an equine pericardium-covered stent. The patient was admitted to the Emergency Department after sustaining severe polytrauma in a motor vehicle accident. A cavernous carotid pseudoaneurysm was detected after an episode of massive epistaxis that required emergent nasal packing. Treatment with parent vessel sacrifice was ruled out after an unfavourable balloon test occlusion. We opted for an equine pericardium-covered stent as a means to immediately seal the wall defect in the setting of massive bleeding second...
Adams LG, Senior DF.The literal meaning of lithotripsy is the "act of breaking stones." There are two forms of lithotripsy available for use in veterinary medicine: electrohydraulic shock-wave lithotripsy (EHL) and extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL). With EHL, a shock-wave is generated immediately adjacent to a urolith within the urinary bladder. In dogs, nephroliths or ureteroliths can be successfully treated with ESWL. With ESWL, the shock-waves are generated outside the body and directed toward the urolith.
Norton JL, Nolen-Walston RD, Underwood C, Slack J, Boston R, Dallap BL.Central venous pressure (CVP) customarily has been measured in veterinary patients with water manometry. However, many institutions are now using stallside electronic monitors in both anesthesia and intensive care units for many aspects of patient monitoring. Objective: Electronic stall side monitoring devices will agree with water manometry for measurement of CVP in horses. Methods: Ten healthy adult horses from the university research herd. Methods: Central venous catheters were placed routinely, and measurements were obtained in triplicate with each of the 3 methods every 12 hours for 3 day...
