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Topic:Veterinary Care
Veterinary care in horses encompasses the medical and preventive measures taken to maintain and improve the health and well-being of equine patients. It includes a wide range of practices such as routine health examinations, vaccinations, dental care, parasite control, and management of injuries and diseases. Veterinary care also involves diagnostic procedures, surgical interventions, and therapeutic treatments tailored to the specific needs of horses. This page gathers peer-reviewed research studies and scholarly articles that explore various aspects of equine veterinary care, including advancements in diagnostic techniques, treatment protocols, and health management strategies to support the well-being and performance of horses.
Neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser treatment of cystic granula iridica in horses: eight cases (1988-1996). To determine clinical features of cystic granula iridica in horses and outcome of horses treated with an ophthalmic neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser. Methods: Retrospective study. Methods: 8 horses. Methods: An ophthalmic Nd:YAG laser was used to deflate cysts in all horses. Results: Horses were examined because of visual impairment (n = 5), decreased jumping performance (2), or head shaking (1). Clinical signs associated with cysts resolved in all horses after treatment. Short- and long-term complications did not develop, and cysts did not recur. Conclusions: Cystic granula ir...
Overwhelming strongyloidosis in a foal. A 6-month-old foal was evaluated because of weakness, weight loss, and inappetence of 3 weeks' duration. On initial examination, the foal was weak, poorly responsive, and emaciated. Clinicopathologic abnormalities included anemia and hypoproteinemia. Because of its severe debilitation, the foal was euthantized. Necropsy revealed marked infection of the small intestine with Strongyloides westeri and severe edema of the entire gastrointestinal tract. The foal had been orphaned when it was 6 hours old and raised in isolation from other horses. We believe that this foal developed overwhelming stro...
[Separation techniques ro achieve vital and reproduction competent equine spermatozoa populations–a survey]. Equine ejaculates are significantly characterized by widely varying parameters especially in those of practical relevance for equine Al. Therefore it is of interest for practical purposes to get subpopulations of concentrated, vital, and competent spermatozoa from the origin ejaculates. Special preparation of the donor stallions will stabilize sperm output. Fractionated semen collection from stallions supplies sperm enriched seminal fractions very useful to work with further in semen preservation. Most important to achieve a concentrated sperm subpopulation are semen manipulations post ejacula...
Adjunctive methods in equine gastrointestinal surgery. The medical management of postoperative abdominal disorders remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for the equine clinician. Recent advances in the development of techniques and medications to offset or attenuate ischemia-reperfusion injury, endotoxemia, and ileus are encouraging and potentially will decrease the incidence of additional complications.
Sepsis of the common digital extensor tendon sheath secondary to hemicircumferential periosteal transection in a foal. A 4-month-old Quarter Horse was admitted for evaluation of infection that developed following bilateral hemicircumferential periosteal transection and elevation. Sepsis of the common digital extensor tendon sheath was diagnosed. Treatment included lavage of the tendon sheath, placement of an indwelling drain for lavage after surgery, establishment of drainage, and administration of antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory drugs. Three months after treatment, the foal was clinically normal.
Epidemiology of colic. Understanding the epidemiology of equine colic is directly relevant to the management of individual horses with colic. In this article, the epidemiology of colic is reviewed with emphasis on epidemiologic studies that have identified specific factors associated with increased risk of colic and epidemiologic studies that are designed to predict the need for surgery and prognosis in horses with colic. Despite the magnitude of the problem of equine colic, much remains to be learned about the epidemiology of this disease.
Surgical treatment of progressive ethmoidal hematoma aided by computed tomography in a foal. A progressive ethmoidal hematoma (PEH) was treated successfully in a 4-week-old Belgian filly by surgical removal, using a frontonasal bone flap. The filly had respiratory stridor, epistaxis, and facial enlargement over the left paranasal sinuses, which had progressively increased in size since birth. Computed tomographic images of the head obtained with the foal under general anesthesia were useful in determining the extent and nature of the soft-tissue mass and planning surgical intervention. On the basis of the histologic appearance of the mass, a diagnosis of PEH was made. Twelve months af...
Abdominal surgery in foals. Foals are good candidates for abdominal surgery because their smaller size permits a more complete abdominal exploration and frequently definitive procedures in many cases. The use of rectal examination is replaced with alternative diagnostic modalities such as barium contrast radiography and ultrasonography. With the advancements in these technologies they can distinguish common gastrointestinal lesions and, in most cases, provide sufficient information to guide surgical intervention. The unique aspects of diagnosis and surgical management of gastrointestinal disorders of the foal are discuss...
Caecal disease in equids. To review the breed, age, gender, clinical and laboratory findings, treatment and outcome of horses with caecal disease presented to a referral centre. Methods: Retrospective study of 96 cases. Methods: The breed, age, and gender of the study population were compared with the corresponding hospital population for the same period. The means (+/- SD) for clinical and laboratory findings were recorded for each caecal disorder. Treatment was categorised as medical or surgical, and outcome was recorded. Results: Caecal diseases included impaction (40% of total cases), rupture associated with concur...
[Endoparasitic fauna and incidence of species in yearling and adult horses in Upper Bavarian breeding farms with regular anthelmintic prophylaxis lasting for many years]. In this epidemiological study 127 horses from five breeding farms in Upper Bavaria were included. The horses were coproscopically examined in intervals of four weeks over a 16-month period. Since 1992 in all farms regular prophylactic treatments with anthelmintics have been carried out. In 127 horses at least five species were established, such as Parascaris equorum, Anoplocephala perfoliata, Gasterophilus intestinalis and small strongyles, whose third stage larvae were characterized by eight or twelve intestinal cells. Infections with small strongyles occurred most frequently, followed by G. ...
Age-related changes in the pharmacokinetic disposition of diazepam in foals. To evaluate changes in the pharmacokinetic disposition of diazepam in foals from 4 to 84 days of age. Methods: 4 male and 2 female full-term mixed-breed foals. Methods: Diazepam terminal half-life, volume of distribution, clearance, free fraction, unbound volume of distribution, free clearance, peak desmethyldiazepam concentration, and area under the desmethyldiazepam concentration-time curve were determined after i.v. administration of 0.25 mg of diazepam/kg of body weight to foals at 4, 21, 42, and 84 days of age. Results: Disposition of diazepam was best described using a two-compartment mo...
Evaluation of itraconazole-dimethyl sulfoxide ointment for treatment of keratomycosis in nine horses. To evaluate the efficacy of itraconazole-dimethyl sulfoxide ointment for treatment of keratomycosis in horses in the northeastern United States. Methods: Prospective clinical trial. Methods: 9 horses (10 affected eyes). Methods: All horses treated for keratomycosis at Cornell University between July 1994 and July 1996 were included in the study. The diagnosis of keratomycosis was confirmed by cytologic examination, and all horses were treated with 0.25 ml of a 1% itraconazole-30% dimethyl sulfoxide petrolatum-based ointment, applied to the affected eye every 4 hours. Results: Topical applicati...
Surgical treatment of a comminuted articular fracture of the accessory carpal bone in a thoroughbred horse. The clinical, radiographic and ultrasonographic findings in a case of a comminuted articular fracture of the accessory carpal bone of a thoroughbred chaser are described, and its surgical treatment and aftercare are detailed. The horse made an uneventful recovery and successfully returned to racing.
Ageing draft and trotter horses by their dentition. The accuracy of ageing horses by their dentition was assessed by comparing the dental features with the known dates of birth of 212 trotter horses and 189 Belgian draft horses. The horses ranged in age from two to 25 years. In both breeds it was observed that the shedding of the incisors and the appearance of the dental stars were the most reliable features for age determination. In young animals, the dental configuration was similar in both breeds. With increasing age the incisor teeth of draft horses were more liable to abrasion than those of trotter horses. The sequential changes in appeara...
Modeling study of compensatory head movements in lame horses. To study the role of head movements in lame horses. Methods: 11 Dutch Warmblood horses. Methods: A 2-segment 2-dimensional inverse dynamic model of trotting horses was developed: trunk and head/neck segment joined in a neck joint. Model input consisted of averaged segmental inertial properties and averaged kinematic data, taken from 11 horses, trotting on a treadmill (3.5 m/s) in 3 conditions of induced lameness: sound, mildly lame, and moderately lame. Dynamic and static effects were analyzed. Results: Dynamic effects were found to be considerably larger than static effects. In the moderately...
Nasal septoplasty for correction of septal deviation in a foal. This article reports an alternative to septal resection in nasal septal deviations involving the rostral 7 to 10 cm of the nasal septum. Methods: Case report. Methods: One client-owned foal. Methods: A nasal approach with mucosal elevation was used to gain access to the cartilaginous portion of the nasal septum. Once exposed, a series of parasagittal incisions in the cartilage allowed the septum to be repositioned while providing some intrinsic stabilization. Results: The nasal approach provided good access to the rostral 7 cm of the nasal septum. The technique resulted in minimal hemorrhage f...
Subdural injection of contrast medium during cervical myelography. Three patients (1 dog, 2 horses) are described where myelography was complicated, purportedly by injection of contrast medium into the meninges superficial to the subarachnoid space. Contrast medium injected in this location in a cadaver tended to accumulate dorsally within the vertebral canal, deep to the dura mater but superficial to the subarachnoid space. The ventral margin of the pooled contrast medium had a wavy or undulating margin and the dorsal margin was smooth. Pooled contrast medium was believed to be sequestered within the structurally weak dural border cell layer between the dura...
Prostaglandin F2alpha release associated with an embryo transfer procedure in the mare. The pattern of the main metabolite of prostaglandin (PG) F2alpha was recorded following a nonsurgical embryo transfer technique in 9 mares under field conditions in Estonia. Three patterns were observed. Two of them were characterised by PG release, thereas the third was not. A tendency towards a shortened cycle was seen in 3 mares. Observations were made regarding the manipulation of the uterus as being normal or difficult to perform. In general, mares where the procedure was considered difficult were also found to have a PG release.
