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Topic:Veterinary Science
Veterinary science and horses encompass the study and application of medical, surgical, and therapeutic practices to maintain and improve the health and welfare of equines. This field addresses a wide range of topics, including disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, as well as nutrition, reproduction, and behavior. Research in veterinary science for horses often involves understanding the pathophysiology of equine-specific diseases, developing advanced diagnostic techniques, and improving treatment protocols. This page gathers peer-reviewed research studies and scholarly articles that explore various aspects of veterinary science related to horses, providing insights into the latest advancements and methodologies in equine healthcare.
Isolation and characterization of antibodies to Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin from hyperimmune horse serum. Antibodies against epsilon toxin were isolated from hyperimmune horse serum by affinity chromatography. Purified epsilon prototoxin covalently bound to Affigel 202 was used as immunosorbent, and antibodies were eluted with 6.0 M guanidine chloride. In a single run 80 mg of antibody could be recovered from a 20 microliter column of immunosorbent. The antibody was shown to belong to the IgG(T) class of immunoglobulins.
Occurrence of Leu-Lys-bradykinin and histidine-rich peptide in high-molecular-weight kininogen isolated from horse plasma. On incubation of purified horse plasma high-molecular-weight kininogen with purified plasma kallikrein, three new peptides, named fragment 1.2, fragment 1 and fragment 2, were released, in addition to the vasopeptide, bradykinin. Fragment 2 contained an extremely high level of histidine, in which eleven residues out of the total 48 residues were characterized. Thus the result proves the existence of the histidine-rich region in horse high-molecular-weight kininogen, which is similar to the region previously identified in bovine high-molecular-weight kininogen. Moreover, we have identified a ne...
Ultrastructure of the pigment epithelium and the photoreceptors in the retina of the horse. An electron microscopic description was given of the pigment epithelium and the photoreceptors of the horse retina. Duplicity (rods-cones) of the horse retina was proven histologically; the retina was classified as an "E" retina, which indicates predominance of the rod system.
Evolutionary conservation of equine gc alleles and of Mammalian gc/albumin linkage. Ancient origin of the equine vitamin D binding protein (Gc) polymorphism is suggested by the finding of two alleles, Gc(F) and Gc(S), in each of three equine subgenera, Equus, Asinus and Hippotigris. The equine Gc and albumin loci are closely linked (lod score = 6). Although no recombinants were observed, the data are not inconsistent with a map distance similar to the 2 centimorgans reported for the human albumin/Gc linkage relationship. Gametic association between the Gc(F) and Alb(F) alleles appears probable in the American Standardbred horse, perhaps as a result of population structure. Si...
Improved measurements of shear modulus and pleural membrane tension of the lung. The continuum solution for the deformation of an elastic half space covered by a membrane is used to interpret measurements of the indentation of lung lobes under a column of fluid. The shear modulus mu of the underlying parenchyma is found to be approximately 0.7 times transpulmonary pressure, independent of species size. The tension in the pleural membrane T increases rapidly with increasing membrane area. For dog lungs, the value of T is 10(3) to 10(4) dyn/cm. For the larger species tested, pigs and horses, T is larger. The continuum solution shows that a concentrated force applied to the p...
Total fibre numbers in cross sections of the semitendinosus in athletic and non-athletic horses and dogs. The numbers of fibres in the complete cross section of the semitendinosus were estimated in 58 equines and 59 canines of differing types. Animals selected for swiftness--thoroughbred horses and greyhounds--have a greater number of fibres in a cross section of their semitendinosus than other members of their species, whether as neonates or as adults. The numbers of fibres in the cross section increases during growth in both types of animal in each species.
Immunochemical studies on beta-lactoglobulins. precipitin reactions of sow’s and mare’s mammary secretions against anti – bovine beta – lactoglobulin antiserum. By double diffusion in agarose gel, in well defined experimental conditions, cross reactions were observed between porcine beta-lactoglobulins and anti-bovine beta-lactoglobulin antisera. The immunological reactivity between these beta-lactoglobulins from a monogastric and the ruminant anti beta-lactoglobulin antiserum thus implies a certain degree of similarity between the monomeric beta-lactoglobulins examined and the dimeric of the ruminants. With the same antisera it also proved possible to demonstrate the presence of beta-lactoglobulins in the mammary secretions of another monogastric, na...
Studies related to the metabolism of anabolic steroids in the horse: testosterone. 1. After intramuscular administration of [4-14C]testosterone to two cross-bred gelded horses, 45% of the radioactivity was excreted in urine in 96 h. Small amounts of urinary activity could still be detected at 200 h. 2. Neutral metabolites obtained after both enzyme and acid hydrolysis of urine samples have been investigated by g.l.c.-mass spectrometry. 3. 5 alpha-Androstane-3 beta, 17 alpha-diol was found only in the enzyme-hydrolysable extract and testosterone only in the acid-hydrolysable extract. 5 alpha-Androstane-3 beta, 17 beta-diol and 3 beta-hydroxy-5 alpha-androstan-17-one were foun...
A serological survey of Leptospira interrogans serotype pomona in Saskatchewan horses. Leptospira interrogans serotype pomona antibody titres of 1:100 or greater were detected in 12.8% of 408 adult horses from seven of eight sampled herds in Saskatchewan. The geographical distribution of the seropositive horses was widespread throughout the agricultural area of the province. The geographical distribution and the cumulative increase in prevalence with age suggested that serotype pomona is enzootic in the equine population of Saskatchewan.
Electrocardiography, Heart Score, and Hematology of Horses Competing in an Endurance Ride. Thirty-one horses competing in a 100 kilometre endurance ride had electrocardiograms recorded before and after the ride from which the heart score of each horse was calculated. Blood was also taken to determine the packed cell volume (PCV) and total plasma protein (TPP) before the ride, after 60 kilometres (mid-ride) and at completion of the ride. Statistical analysis of the heart scores showed that a faster group of horses had significantly higher heart scores than either a slower group or those eliminated due to inadequate recovery of heart rate. No horses developed electrocardiogram abnorma...
Variability in erythrocyte deformability among various mammals. Deformability is an important aspect of erythrocyte physiology and has been extensively studied using human red cells. We have studied erythrocytes from 25 different animals using a viscometric technique. Erythrocyte diameters ranged from 3.3 microns in the goat to 11.4 microns for the elephant seal. Erythrocytes from most species deformed readily when a fluid shear stress was applied. A deformability index of the stressed cell defined as (length - width)/(length + width) correlated with cell size. The erythrocytes of four animals (pygmy goat, goat, Batanga horse, and miniature horse) deformed...
Molecular cytogenetics of the Equidae. I. Purification and cytological localization of a (G + C)-rich satellite DNA from Equus przewalskii. A (G + C)-rich density satellite DNA (rho = 1.713 gm/cc) has been purified from splenic DNA of Przewalski's horse, Equus przewalskii, by successive equilibrium density gradient centrifugations. The purified satellite, which may comprise as much as 29% of the total DNA, renatures rapidly; however, analyses of native, single-stranded, and reassociated molecules by analytical ultracentrifugation and melting properties suggest that some sequence heterogeniety exists in the 1.713 gm/cc satellite. Complementary RNA (cRNA) transcribed from satellite DNA has been utilized for in situ hybridization stu...
