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Biomolecules2022; 12(8); 1039; doi: 10.3390/biom12081039

Astaxanthin Carotenoid Modulates Oxidative Stress in Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells Isolated from Equine Metabolic Syndrome Affected Horses by Targeting Mitochondrial Biogenesis.

Abstract: Astaxanthin is gaining recognition as a natural bioactive component. This study aimed to test whether astaxanthin could protect adipose-derived stromal stem cells (ASCs) from apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. was used to extract astaxanthin, whose biocompatibility was tested after 24, 48 and 72 h of incubation with the cells; no harmful impact was found. ASCs were treated with optimal concentrations of astaxanthin. Several parameters were examined: cell viability, apoptosis, reactive oxygen levels, mitochondrial dynamics and metabolism, superoxide dismutase activity, and astaxanthin's antioxidant capacity. A RT PCR analysis was performed after each test. The astaxanthin treatment significantly reduced apoptosis by modifying the normalized caspase activity of pro-apoptotic pathways (p21, p53, and Bax). Furthermore, by regulating the expression of related master factors SOD1, SOD2, PARKIN, PINK 1, and MFN 1, astaxanthin alleviated the oxidative stress and mitochondrial dynamics failure caused by EMS. Astaxanthin restored mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation by stimulating markers associated with the OXPHOS machinery: COX4I1, COX4I2, UQCRC2, NDUFA9, and TFAM. Our results suggest that astaxanthin has the potential to open new possibilities for potential bio-drugs to control and suppress oxidative stress, thereby improving the overall metabolic status of equine ASCs suffering from metabolic syndrome.
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Publication Date: 2022-07-27 PubMed ID: 36008933PubMed Central: PMC9405637DOI: 10.3390/biom12081039Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

Astaxanthin, a naturally available component, has demonstrated potential in maintaining cell health and mitigating oxidative stress in adipose-derived stromal stem cells (ASCs) taken from horses with equine metabolic syndrome in this research.

Objective and methodology

In this study, researchers examined whether astaxanthin could safeguard ASCs from apoptosis (programmed cell death), mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress. Using a special extraction method, astaxanthin was isolated and its biocompatibility tested over intervals of 24, 48, and 72 hours, with no harmful impacts found in cells. The researchers then used carefully measured concentrations of astaxanthin to treat the ASCs.

Parameters Examined

  • Cell viability, or how well the cells survived and functioned after being treated with astaxanthin.
  • Apoptosis, or how many cells underwent programmed death.
  • Reactive oxygen levels, which can indicate oxidative stress.
  • Mitochondrial dynamics, or changes in the mitochondrial structure and distribution, and metabolism.
  • Superoxide dismutase activity, an antioxidant defense in nearly all living cells exposed to oxygen.
  • The antioxidant capacity of astaxanthin, or how well it could neutralize the harmful effects of oxidative stress.

A RT PCR analysis was performed after each test to confirm the results.

Results

The outcomes have shown that astaxanthin treatment led to a significant reduction in apoptosis by modulating the normalized caspase activity linked to pro-apoptotic pathways, which drive programmed cell death. This was achieved by regulating the expression of master factors such as SOD1, SOD2, PARKIN, PINK 1, and MFN 1. These factors are connected to cell health and survival. Furthermore, astaxanthin alleviated the oxidative stress and failure in mitochondrial dynamics caused by equine metabolic syndrome. It restored mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, which is a vital cell process responsible for generating the majority of the cell’s energy, by stimulating markers related to this process like COX4I1, COX4I2, UQCRC2, NDUFA9, and TFAM.

Conclusion

The research suggests that astaxanthin may open new avenues for potential bio-drugs which can manage and suppress oxidative stress, yielding an improvement in the general metabolic state of equine ASCs suffering from metabolic syndrome.

Cite This Article

APA
Mularczyk M, Bourebaba N, Marycz K, Bourebaba L. (2022). Astaxanthin Carotenoid Modulates Oxidative Stress in Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells Isolated from Equine Metabolic Syndrome Affected Horses by Targeting Mitochondrial Biogenesis. Biomolecules, 12(8), 1039. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom12081039

Publication

Biomolecules
ISSN: 2218-273X
NlmUniqueID: 101596414
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 12
Issue: 8
PII: 1039

Researcher Affiliations

Mularczyk, Malwina
  • Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
  • International Institute of Translational Medicine, Jesionowa 11, Malin, 55-114 Wisznia Mała, Poland.
Bourebaba, Nabila
  • Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
Marycz, Krzysztof
  • Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
  • International Institute of Translational Medicine, Jesionowa 11, Malin, 55-114 Wisznia Mała, Poland.
Bourebaba, Lynda
  • Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Carotenoids / metabolism
  • Horses
  • Metabolic Syndrome / drug therapy
  • Metabolic Syndrome / metabolism
  • Metabolic Syndrome / veterinary
  • Organelle Biogenesis
  • Oxidative Stress
  • Stromal Cells / metabolism
  • Xanthophylls

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

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