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Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2021; 11(7); 2150; doi: 10.3390/ani11072150

Isothermal Nucleic Acid Amplification Technologies for the Detection of Equine Viral Pathogens.

Abstract: The global equine industry provides significant economic contributions worldwide, producing approximately USD $300 billion annually. However, with the continuous national and international movement and importation of horses, there is an ongoing threat of a viral outbreak causing large epidemics and subsequent significant economic losses. Additionally, horses serve as a host for several zoonotic diseases that could cause significant human health problems. The ability to rapidly diagnose equine viral diseases early could lead to better management, treatment, and biosecurity strategies. Current serological and molecular methods cannot be field-deployable and are not suitable for resource-poor laboratories due to the requirement of expensive equipment and trained personnel. Recently, isothermal nucleic acid amplification technologies, such as loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and insulated isothermal polymerase chain reaction (iiPCR), have been developed to be utilized in-field, and provide rapid results within an hour. We will review current isothermal diagnostic techniques available to diagnose equine viruses of biosecurity and zoonotic concern and provide insight into their potential for in-field deployment.
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Publication Date: 2021-07-20 PubMed ID: 34359278PubMed Central: PMC8300645DOI: 10.3390/ani11072150Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article is about the use of isothermal nucleic acid amplification technologies for quick detection of equine viral diseases, which are crucial for both the economic aspect of the equine industry and human health due to the potential of these diseases to become zoonotic.

Background on Equine Viral Pathogens

  • The equine industry globally contributes significantly to the economy, making around $300 billion every year. This makes the control of viral outbreaks a vital economic concern.
  • Horses are also known to be hosts for multiple zoonotic diseases – ones that can be transmitted to humans from animals, increasing the importance of prompt diagnosis and management.
  • The international and national movement and importation of horses heightens the risk of viral outbreaks, which could cause substantial losses economically and potentially risk human health.

Challenges with Current Diagnostic Methods

  • At present, serological and molecular methods used for diagnosing equine viral diseases are not practical for field use. This is due to the need for expensive equipment and specially trained personnel to operate them.
  • Such complexities make these diagnostic methods unsuitable for resource-poor labs, thus emphasizing the need for simpler and more accessible techniques.

Use of Isothermal Nucleic Acid Amplification Technologies

  • Recently, technologies such as Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) and Insulated Isothermal Polymerase Chain Reaction (iiPCR) have been developed.
  • These new techniques utilize isothermal nucleic acid amplification which is beneficial in detecting equine viral pathogens. They are easier and more practical to operate in-field, and the results can be obtained rapidly – within an hour, making them highly efficient.
  • This article aims to review these isothermal diagnostic techniques currently being used in diagnosing equine viruses of biosecurity and zoonotic concern. The focus will be to understand their potential for quick detection and management in the field.

Cite This Article

APA
Knox A, Beddoe T. (2021). Isothermal Nucleic Acid Amplification Technologies for the Detection of Equine Viral Pathogens. Animals (Basel), 11(7), 2150. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11072150

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 11
Issue: 7
PII: 2150

Researcher Affiliations

Knox, Alexandra
  • Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences and Centre for AgriBioscience La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 2082, Australia.
Beddoe, Travis
  • Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences and Centre for AgriBioscience La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 2082, Australia.

Grant Funding

  • n/a / Cooperative Research Centres Project
  • n/a / Defence Science Institute

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

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