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Equine veterinary journal2026; doi: 10.1002/evj.70189

Mitochondrial dysfunction in equine ageing: Current evidence and clinical implications for geroscience.

Abstract: Ageing is a complex biological process affecting a growing geriatric human and equine population worldwide. Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered one of the hallmarks of ageing, representing a multifaceted process. This review synthesises current findings on mitochondrial dysfunction in aged equines, drawing parallels with human medicine and identifying current knowledge gaps. Integrating findings from human and equine research may bridge existing challenges and offer new opportunities, including the development of novel translational models for ageing research. Furthermore, it highlights the need for mitochondrial research in aged horses to enable accurate prevention strategies, treatment plans, and management of geriatric horses, ensuring their welfare.
Publication Date: 2026-05-11 PubMed ID: 42115133DOI: 10.1002/evj.70189Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Review

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

Overview

  • This research article reviews current evidence about how mitochondria, the energy-producing parts of cells, become dysfunctional as horses age.
  • It compares findings from aged horses with human ageing studies, discussing clinical implications and gaps in knowledge relevant to managing older horses‘ health.

Introduction to Ageing and Mitochondrial Dysfunction

  • Ageing is a complex biological process characterized by progressive decline in physiological functions in both humans and animals, including horses.
  • Mitochondria play a key role in cellular energy production, and their dysfunction is recognized as one of the fundamental hallmarks of ageing.
  • Dysfunctional mitochondria may contribute to increased cellular damage, reduced energy output, and accumulation of harmful byproducts such as reactive oxygen species.

Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Aged Equines

  • Current research suggests that aged horses exhibit signs of mitochondrial decline similar to those documented in older humans.
  • These signs can include impaired mitochondrial biogenesis, reduced efficiency of the respiratory chain, and increased oxidative stress.
  • The decline in mitochondrial function potentially contributes to the common health problems seen in geriatric horses, such as decreased muscle mass, reduced endurance, and slower recovery from injury.

Parallels with Human Medicine

  • Studies in human ageing provide a foundation to understand mitochondrial changes due to ageing, including mechanisms like mitochondrial DNA mutations and impaired mitophagy (mitochondrial quality control).
  • Comparative research shows many molecular pathways involved in mitochondrial ageing are conserved across species, including horses and humans.
  • This allows for translational opportunities where interventions studied in humans might be adapted for equine health management.

Current Knowledge Gaps

  • Despite evidence linking mitochondrial dysfunction to ageing, specific studies focusing on aged horses remain limited.
  • There is a lack of comprehensive data on how mitochondrial decline directly correlates with clinical signs and disease onset in aged horses.
  • Optimal diagnostic tools and targeted therapeutic strategies aimed at mitochondrial health in geriatric horses are currently underdeveloped.

Clinical Implications and Future Directions

  • Understanding mitochondrial changes in ageing horses could improve early detection of age-related diseases and optimize preventive care.
  • Research might enable the development of treatments that improve mitochondrial function, potentially enhancing quality of life and longevity in older horses.
  • There is a call for more integrated studies combining human and equine data to advance geroscience – the study of ageing mechanisms – and translate findings into clinical practice.
  • Improved management strategies for aged horses can ultimately promote better welfare and tailored healthcare protocols.

Conclusion

  • Identifying and addressing mitochondrial dysfunction holds promise for understanding ageing in horses and improving their geriatric care.
  • Bridging gaps between human and equine research can foster novel models, enhance prevention, and guide therapeutic development for ageing populations in veterinary medicine.

Cite This Article

APA
Puchalska M, Witkowska-Piłaszewicz O. (2026). Mitochondrial dysfunction in equine ageing: Current evidence and clinical implications for geroscience. Equine Vet J. https://doi.org/10.1002/evj.70189

Publication

ISSN: 2042-3306
NlmUniqueID: 0173320
Country: United States
Language: English

Researcher Affiliations

Puchalska, Maria
  • Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
Witkowska-Piłaszewicz, Olga
  • Department of Large Animals Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.

Grant Funding

  • Science Development Fund of the Warsaw University of Life Sciences

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