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Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2020; 10(12); 2335; doi: 10.3390/ani10122335

Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction and Metabolic Syndrome in Donkeys.

Abstract: Appropriate medical care for donkeys is challenging despite being important working animals in non-industrialized countries and pets in first world countries. Although the same principles of diagnosis and therapy as in horses are commonly applied, there are differences in reference values and physiologic reaction to dynamic tests. However, donkeys seem to suffer from typical equine diseases, such as metabolic syndrome and pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID). Asinine metabolic syndrome (AMS) comprises obesity, insulin dysregulation, and laminitis. The principles of diagnosis are similar to horses. Donkey-specific reference ranges for insulin and glucose have been evaluated previously. Examinations regarding dynamic testing revealed differences in the intravenous glucose tolerance test and the combined insulin tolerance test compared to horses. The therapy of AMS is based mainly on weight loss and exercise. There are conflicting data regarding the incidence of PPID in donkeys. Laminitis and hypertrichosis were described as the main clinical signs. Species-specific and seasonal reference ranges were defined to diagnose PPID in donkeys. Furthermore, the dexamethasone suppression test, the thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) test and the combined dexamethasone suppression/TRH test were evaluated. Pergolide is commonly recommended for treatment.
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Publication Date: 2020-12-08 PubMed ID: 33302557PubMed Central: PMC7763272DOI: 10.3390/ani10122335Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article focuses on the medical challenges associated with donkeys, especially regarding two specific diseases often found in equines – Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction and Metabolic Syndrome.

Subject and Purpose of Study

  • The article discusses how despite the critical roles played by donkeys, adequate care is often challenging to provide. This is especially prevalent in non-industrialized countries where donkeys are work animals and in first-world nations where they are pets.
  • The main goal of the research is to investigate the nuances of two prevalent equine diseases that also affect donkeys – Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction (PPID) and Metabolic Syndrome – and the complexities of their diagnosis and treatment in donkeys.

Differences Between Donkeys and Horses

  • While many veterinary principles and techniques applied to diagnosis and therapy in horses are used for donkeys too, the article highlight there are several distinct differences in physiological reactions to dynamic tests and reference values that need to be considered.
  • The research outlines the variations in the intravenous glucose tolerance test and the combined insulin tolerance test in donkeys compared to horses. This information highlights the need for a more nuanced approach to medical processes in donkeys.

Donkey-Specific Conditions

  • The study discusses Asinine Metabolic Syndrome (AMS) that involves obesity, insulin regulation issues, and laminitis in donkeys. Although diagnosis principles are similar to horses, the research emphasizes the requirement for unique reference ranges for insulin and glucose tailored for donkeys.
  • The treatment for AMS in donkeys is primarily centered on weight reduction and regular exercise.

Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction (PPID) in Donkeys

  • The paper mentions conflicting data regarding the incidence of PPID in donkeys. However, the two main clinical signs that were identified are laminitis and hypertrichosis.
  • To diagnose PPID in donkeys, the study indicates that species-specific and seasonal reference ranges need to be identified. A trio of tests – the dexamethasone suppression test, the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) test, and the combined dexamethasone suppression/TRH test – were evaluated as part of the research.
  • One of the typically recommended PPID treatments for donkeys is a medication called Pergolide.

Cite This Article

APA
Gehlen H, Schwarz B, Bartmann C, Gernhardt J, Stöckle SD. (2020). Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction and Metabolic Syndrome in Donkeys. Animals (Basel), 10(12), 2335. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10122335

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 10
Issue: 12
PII: 2335

Researcher Affiliations

Gehlen, Heidrun
  • Equine Clinic, Veterinary Department, The Free University of Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany.
Schwarz, Bianca
  • Pferdeinternist Dr. Bianca C. Schwarz, DipECEIM, Bei der Taffingsmühle 1, 66740 Saarlouis, Germany.
Bartmann, Claus
  • Equine Clinic, Veterinary Department, University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
Gernhardt, Jennifer
  • Equine Clinic, Veterinary Department, The Free University of Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany.
Stöckle, Sabita D
  • Equine Clinic, Veterinary Department, The Free University of Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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