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Home / Equine Research Bank / Front Vet Sci / Widespread Environmental Presence of Multidrug-Resistant Sal...
Frontiers in veterinary science2020; 7; 346; doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00346

Widespread Environmental Presence of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella in an Equine Veterinary Hospital That Received Local and International Horses.

Abstract: is a highly infectious microorganism responsible for many outbreaks reported in equine hospitals. Outbreaks are characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates, nosocomial transmission to other patients, zoonotic transmission to hospital personnel, and even closure of facilities. In this study, 545 samples (environmental and hospitalized patients) were collected monthly during a 1-year period from human and animal contact surfaces in an equine hospital that received local and international horses. A total of 22 isolates were obtained from human contact surfaces (e.g., offices and pharmacy) and animal contact surfaces (e.g., stalls, surgery room, and waterers), and one isolate from a horse. Molecular serotyping revealed 18 isolates as Typhimurium and three as Infantis. Nineteen isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial class, and only two isolates were susceptible to all antimicrobials tested. In addition, we identified nine multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates in . Typhimurium, which displayed resistance to up to eight antimicrobials (i.e., amoxicillin/clavulanate, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, gentamicin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) revealed the presence of three PFGE patterns permanently present in the environment of the hospital during our study. The persistent environmental presence of MDR isolates, along with the fact that local and international horses are attended in this hospital, highlights the importance of improving biosecurity programs to prevent disease in horses and the hospital personnel and also for the global dissemination and acquisition of MDR .
Copyright © 2020 Soza-Ossandón, Rivera, Tardone, Riquelme-Neira, García, Hamilton-West, Adell, González-Rocha and Moreno-Switt.
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Publication Date: 2020-07-10 PubMed ID: 32754619PubMed Central: PMC7366320DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00346Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research paper investigates the widespread presence of multidrug-resistant Salmonella, a bacteria causing serious infections, in an equine veterinary hospital that catered to both local and international horses. This was assessed through a year-long study involving environmental and patient samples.

Methodology

  • The study collected 545 samples over a year from various contact surfaces in the horse hospital. This included both animal contact surfaces like stalls, surgery room, and waterers, as well as human contact surfaces such as offices and the pharmacy.
  • The researchers also extracted a single isolate from a horse for the study.

Findings

  • A total of 22 Salmonella isolates were obtained from these various contact points and the horse. Molecular serotyping revealed that majority (18) were Salmonella Typhimurium, while a smaller portion (3) were Salmonella Infantis.
  • Antibiotic sensitivity testing showed that 19 of these isolates were resistant to at least one class of antimicrobial drugs. Only two isolates were susceptible to all antimicrobials tested.
  • Importantly, the team identified nine multidrug-resistant isolates in Salmonella Typhimurium. These showed resistance to as many as eight different antimicrobials, including amoxicillin/clavulanate, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, gentamicin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline.
  • Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, used to differentiate bacterial sub-types, revealed three distinct patterns that appeared constantly in the hospital environment during the study.

Significance

  • The researchers stress the importance of improving biosecurity programs at the hospital. The detection of persistent multidrug-resistant Salmonella strains in the environment indicates potential health risks to both horses and the hospital staff.
  • The fact that the hospital serves international as well as local horses raises concerns about the global spread of such resistant strains. This could potentially lead to more severe disease spread and complications due to limited treatment options.

Cite This Article

APA
Soza-Ossandón P, Rivera D, Tardone R, Riquelme-Neira R, García P, Hamilton-West C, Adell AD, González-Rocha G, Moreno-Switt AI. (2020). Widespread Environmental Presence of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella in an Equine Veterinary Hospital That Received Local and International Horses. Front Vet Sci, 7, 346. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.00346

Publication

Frontiers in veterinary science
ISSN: 2297-1769
NlmUniqueID: 101666658
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 7
Pages: 346
PII: 346

Researcher Affiliations

Soza-Ossandón, Paula
  • Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.
Rivera, Dácil
  • Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.
  • Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research on Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago, Chile.
Tardone, Rodolfo
  • Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.
Riquelme-Neira, Roberto
  • Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.
  • Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research on Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago, Chile.
García, Patricia
  • Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research on Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago, Chile.
  • Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Hamilton-West, Christopher
  • Unidad de Epidemiología Veterinaria, Departamento Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Adell, Aiko D
  • Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.
  • Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research on Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago, Chile.
González-Rocha, Gerardo
  • Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research on Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago, Chile.
  • Laboratorio de Investigación de Agentes Antimicrobianos, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
Moreno-Switt, Andrea I
  • Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.
  • Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research on Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago, Chile.
  • Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.

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