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Topic:Disease
The study of diseases in horses encompasses a wide range of conditions affecting equine health, including infectious diseases, metabolic disorders, and genetic abnormalities. These diseases can impact various systems within the horse, such as respiratory, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal systems, and can lead to significant health challenges. Research in this area focuses on understanding the pathophysiology, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of equine diseases. Common diseases studied include equine influenza, equine herpesvirus, and laminitis. This page provides access to peer-reviewed research studies and scholarly articles that explore the etiology, clinical presentation, and management strategies of diseases in horses, contributing to the advancement of equine veterinary medicine.
Torsion of the uterus–a cause of colic in the mare. A case of uterine torsion in a mare with colic is described in which an early diagnosis was made and the torsion successfully reduced through a standing laparotomy with survival of both the mare and the foal. This case is used to stress the importance of thorough examination of all pregnant mares with colic in order to differentiate uterine torsion from other causes of abdominal pain, thereby avoiding delay in surgical correction and reducing the risk of fetal and/or maternal death. The advantages of the standing laparotomy are presented in support of this method of treatment of torsion of the...
Hereditary multiple exostoses: clinicopathologic features of a comparative study in horses and man. Investigation of hereditary multiple exostoses in horses under controlled research conditions for 10 years and epidemiologic studies that have spanned up to five generations of human families contain notable similarities. The present study demonstrated that a single dominant autosomal gene is responsible for hereditary multiple exostoses in horses and man. Affected individuals transmit this trait to approximately 50% of their progeny, whereas nonaffected individuals do not transmit the condition to their offspring. The tumors in affected horses are most often present at birth. They tend to be ...
Cystic lymphangioma in a colt. A 6-month-old Morgan colt was examined because of preputial edema and multiple nodular masses in the left inguinal region. A tentative diagnosis of lymphatic hamartoma was made on the basis of initial biopsy findings. The prognosis for surgical excision was poor due to the progressive expansile growth of the tumor. Secondary infectious complications developed, and the colt was euthanatized at the owner's request. An abdominal and retroperitoneal mass was seen at postmortem examination. The mass was adherent to the left lumbar musculature, the craniodorsal aspect of the pelvic inlet, the midjej...
[The effect of sodium hydroxide-treated roughages in horses: I. Treated lucerne hay as a constituent of a complete ration for foals (author’s transl)]. The possibility of including sodium hydroxide-treated lucerne hay as a constituent in rations for horses was investigated by measuring its effect on the performance and certain bloodcomponents of growing foals. As no adverse effects were found it is concluded that further investigation is necessary to see whether the inclusion of low grade-treated roughages in the ration of horses would be of economic significance.
Leukocyte cytotoxicity in a persistent virus infection: presence of direct cytotoxicity but absence of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in horses infected with equine infectious anemia virus. Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and direct cytotoxicity assays were performed with equine infectious anemia virus-infected target cells, equine leukocytes, and equine anti-equine infectious anemia virus antibody to determine whether these mechanisms play a role in controlling viral replication in equine infectious anemia. Direct cytotoxicity was observed by using peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 7 of 10 infected horses. Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity was not observed. The antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity reaction in horses was then studied by using sheep eryth...
[Congenital tricuspid atresia in a premature foal (author’s transl)]. A case of tricuspid atresia in a premature foal associated with large atrial septal and ventricular septal defects is reported. This anomaly is compared with other cases in horses as reported in the literature. As tricuspid atresia in horses is usually not diagnosed so that relatively few cases have been reported, a classification similar to that of human anomalies is not possible. It is suggested that the present malformation is due to abnormal development of the atrioventricular canal. The factors involved in the pathogenesis of this abnormal development are obscure.
Immunochemical studies on beta-lactoglobulins. precipitin reactions of sow’s and mare’s mammary secretions against anti – bovine beta – lactoglobulin antiserum. By double diffusion in agarose gel, in well defined experimental conditions, cross reactions were observed between porcine beta-lactoglobulins and anti-bovine beta-lactoglobulin antisera. The immunological reactivity between these beta-lactoglobulins from a monogastric and the ruminant anti beta-lactoglobulin antiserum thus implies a certain degree of similarity between the monomeric beta-lactoglobulins examined and the dimeric of the ruminants. With the same antisera it also proved possible to demonstrate the presence of beta-lactoglobulins in the mammary secretions of another monogastric, na...
Intracecal endotoxin and lactate during the onset of equine laminitis: a preliminary report. Cecal fluid from two adult horses was assayed by the limulus amebocyte lysate system for endotoxin before and after carbohydrate overload of the gastrointestinal tract. There were increases in cecal fluid endotoxin concentrations at the 3-, 6-, and 12-hour samplings when compared with base-line values. Concomitant cecal fluid lactate concentrations and pH values increased and decreased, respectively. Both horses subsequently developed clinical signs of acute laminitis.
Equine herpesvirus 1 infection in mares vaccinated with a live-virus rhinopneumonitis vaccine attenuated in cell culture. Vaccination, in July and again in either November or December 1976, of 55 pregnant Standardbred mares with a live-virus rhinopneumonitis vaccine attenuated in cell culture failed to protect some mares from infection with equine herpesvirus 1. From 1976-12-08 to 1977-03-08, 33 mares foaled healthy foals, 16 mares foaled dead foals or live foals which died usually within 48 hours and six mares aborted. Gross and histological examinations and virus isolation studies confirmed that equine herpesvirus 1 caused 18 of the 22 neonatal deaths, stillbirths or abortions.
The development of immunity to Parascaris equorum infection in the foal. Following infection with 8000 Parascaris equorum eggs in two- to four-week-old foals reared under worm-free conditions a high percentage of the infective dose completed its tissue migration and returned to the small intestine. Patent infections were establisehd between 81 and 104 days after infection and high faecal egg counts were recorded. A group of six- to 12-month-old foals, which had been either reared under worm-free conditions or exposed to natural ascarid and strongyle infections on pasture, received a similar infection of 8000 P equorum eggs. Compared with the younger foals there was...
Chemical mediators of immediate hypersensitivity reactions. The investigation of the mast cell-basophil products has progressed from studies directed solely at implicating histamine or serotonin in allergic diseases to molecular definitions of pathways to target cell activation and mediator release. In addition, within the last several years the detection and molecular characterization of the many other mediators of immediate hypersensitivity have begun. This area should continue to prove a fruitful arena in the future. Identification of the physiologic importance of these mediators in the heaves syndrome or other potential equine allergic syndromes ma...
