Equine health encompasses the study and management of diseases, disorders, and overall well-being of horses. It involves understanding various physiological systems, preventive care, and treatment strategies to maintain optimal health in equine populations. Common areas of focus include nutrition, infectious diseases, orthopedic conditions, and reproductive health. Research in equine health aims to advance knowledge on diagnostic methods, therapeutic interventions, and management practices that improve horse welfare and performance. This page collects peer-reviewed research studies and scholarly articles that explore the diverse aspects of equine health, offering insights into current findings and advancements in the field.
Littlejohn A.The mortality following operations for intestinal obstructions in horses decreased from 80 per cent during the period 1849-1913 to 22 per cent during the period 1934-1964. Mortality following operations for high intestinal obstructions was greater than for low intestinal obstructions, and the mortality following operations for strangulating obstructions was more than twice as great as the mortality following simple obstructions. The most frequent cause of death following operations was failure to correct the causal condition, or subsequent impaction.
The anaesthesia techniques most frequently...
Holland RA.Using a double beam stopped-flow apparatus, measurements were made of the velocity constant of the reaction CO + Hb --> COHb in solution and in the red cells of human beings, rabbits, horses, and goats. The solution constant (l') at 37 degrees C for human beings was 362 mM(-1) sec.(-1); in other species l' was somewhat lower. Two rabbits, despite having apparently identical hemoglobins had significantly different values for l'. The energy of activation (E) of l' was between 8 and 11 kcal/mole in all cases. The cell reaction constant (l'(c)) at 37 degrees was between 61 and 73 mM(-1) sec.(-1...
Leblová S, Galociová J, Cerovská N.The studied herbicides (terbutylazine, simazine) inhibit the activity of plant, animal, and yeast alcohol dehydrogenases. The inhibition constant Ki for alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) isolated from peas and bakers' yeast equals approximately 10(-4) M, and that for ADH isolated from horse liver is of the order of 10(-5) M. The character of inhibition for all the herbicides studied for the reaction catalyzed by pea, liver, and yeast ADH is always noncompetitive toward ethanol and competitive with respect to NAD. The inhibition constants for the enzyme isolated from peas are pH independent. The inte...
Adeyefa CA, McCauley JW, Tomori O.The complete amino acid sequences of the hemagglutinin (HA) glycoprotein of three equine-2 influenza viruses from tropical Africa are presented in comparison with that of a well characterized European equine-2 virus (Suffolk/89) and a consensus sequence from the database. The sequences of the tropical African viruses were deduced from the complete nucleotide sequences of their HA genes reported earlier. Mutational changes in the nucleotide sequences resulted in amino acid changes in the HA which led to the introduction of a new asparagine-linked (N-linked) glycosylation site in two viruses. Th...
Gillis JP, Zardiackas LD, Gilbert JA, St John KR.Paired equine third metacarpal bones were drilled and tapped for 4.5 mm and 5.5 mm cortical screws. Tapping was done by hand or with an air-driven reversible orthopedic drill. Screws were inserted and subjected to extraction forces to failure of the osseous threads or the screws. There was no difference in holding power of either screw size between hand-tapped and power-tapped holes.
Sloet van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan MM, Binkhorst GJ.The differences in aetiology, symptomatology, pathomorphology, diagnosis and therapy between the nervous form (paralytic form) of Equine Herpes Virus, type 1, and Neuritis Caudae Equinae are reviewed. The conclusion is that in most cases it is possible to differentiate between these two clinical syndromes.
Gürelli G, Göçmen B.Blepharocorys curvigula Gassovsky, 1919 found in the intestine of domestic horses (Equus caballus Linnaeus, 1758), living in the vicinity of Izmir was investigated. It was seen in nine of the thirteen horses examined (69%). This study reports the presence of Blepharocorys curvigula in the intestine of Equids for the first time in Turkey. Specimens were found to be similar to the original descriptions on the basis of morphological characters and biometric data.
Miller CL, Todhunter R.Osteochondrosis affecting the acetabula in horses is rarely reported. Osteochondrosis dissecans in foals only a few weeks old is also an uncommon finding. Lesions compatible with osteochondrosis dissecans in the acetabulum were found to be the cause of a chronic coxofemoral lameness in a 3-week-old Arabian filly. The history, physical examination findings, joint fluid analysis, gross pathologic and histopathologic findings are described.
Meister D, Tschudi P, Hermann M, Lutz H.The QBC V hematology system was tested with respect to its application in veterinary medicine. PCV's and counts of total leukocytes, granulocytes, lympho/monocytes and platelets collected from 435 horses, dogs and cats were determined and compared with conventionally measured values. Precision and accuracy were found to be good for the majority of parameters. In the authors' opinion the QBC V hematology system is well suited for use in veterinary practice.
Bowling AT, Ewalt-Evans R.Family data are presented for a new allele (Aabdg) in the A system of horse erythrocyte alloantigens which includes factors Aa and Ab traditionally thought to be products of allelic genes. Evidence for incorrect assignment of the codominant factor Ae in the presence of Ab and Ac and the absence of Aa is discussed.
Hallebeek JM, Beynen AC.The hypothesis was tested that feeding ponies a diet containing medium-chain triacylglcyerols (MCT) instead of soya bean oil causes an increase in the production of plasma triacylglycerols, which, under steady-state conditions, is associated with an increased clearance of triacylglycerols. Six ponies were fed rations containing either MCT or an isoenergetic amount of soya bean oil according to a cross-over design. The concentration of MCT in the total dietary dry matter was about 13%. When the ponies were fed the diets for 3 weeks, plasma triacylglycerol concentrations were 0.42 +/- 0.09 and 0...
Shaw FD, Morton H.The developing embryo/fetus bears antigens which are foreign to the mother and it could be expected that immune rejection of the conceptus would occur. One of the reasons why the fetus is not rejected is because a depression of the maternal immune response takes place during pregnancy. Serum from pregnant animals of several species has been shown to contain a factor, early pregnancy factor (EPF), which is immunosuppressive. EPF has been detected as early as six hours after mating and its detection could aid diagnosis of early pregnancy in all species.
Warren LK, Whelen A.The gruelling race schedules maintained by horses competing in chuckwagon racing raises concern for the horses' ability to recover quickly and continue to perform at a high level. The amount of bodyweight lost and the time required for recovery of this weight loss have been used to assess the level of stress imposed on horses competing in various multiple-day events. In this study, bodyweights were obtained from 40 Thoroughbred geldings (mean +/- s.e.; bodyweight 521.5 +/- 4.4 kg) before and after racing during a 5 day chuckwagon race meet. Body condition score (BCS) was determined on the firs...
Stolk PW, Firth EC.Eight metatarsophalangeal (fetlock) joints were studied in anaesthetized young ponies. Pressure measurements were made in the joint and at various sites in the marrow cavity of the third metatarsal bone with simultaneous measurement of systemic arterial and venous blood pressures. Fetlock joint flexion was always associated with a statistically significant initial decrease in intra-articular pressure (p < 0.05) followed by a marked increase in pressure (p < 0.05). Subsequent extension was accompanied by a similar pressure pattern, although there appeared to be a hysteretic relationship. ...
Reglero A, Hueso P, Rodrigo M, García-Alonso J, Llanillo M, Cabezas JA.The ganglioside patterns of the forebrain, cerebellum and brain stem from horse, donkey, mule and goat have been determined by thin-layer chromatography. GM1, GD1a, GD1b and GT1b are the four major brain gangliosides. N-acetylneuraminic acid as the predominant sialic acid (congruent to 97%) and traces of N-glycolyneuraminic acid were found. The four above mentioned major gangliosides were also found in the forebrain, cerebellum and brain stem of adult rats. This pattern is not modified in rats under stress situation (at 4 degrees C for 3 months). In other extraneural organs from rats such as l...
Orlov VK, Servetnik-Chalaia GK.Physicochemical properties of fat and fatty-acid composition of mare's milk and shubath (sour milk product obtained from camel's milk) depend on the season. During summer these products show a higher content of fat and increased level of polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly in mare's milk lipids. It has been shown that in mare's milk lipids 90% is due to acids with a carbon chain of C14-18, while shubath lipids contain almost 96% of such acids.
