Peroxidase enzymes in horses are a group of oxidative enzymes that play a role in various physiological processes, including the metabolism of reactive oxygen species and the modulation of immune responses. These enzymes are involved in the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide, thereby protecting cells from oxidative damage. Peroxidases are present in different tissues and fluids in horses, including blood and saliva, and can be used as markers for oxidative stress. This page compiles peer-reviewed research studies and scholarly articles that explore the functions, regulation, and potential diagnostic applications of peroxidase enzymes in equine health.
Bujok J, Pavľak A, Walski T, Zigo F, Trochanowska-Pauk N, Bohara R, Miśta D.Combat training of police horses, involving physical activity in the presence of environmental stressors, poses a risk of oxidative stress. This study compared the oxidative imbalance after combat training in horses in the regular police service and in horses that had just been schooled. Blood collection was performed immediately after training and after 16 h rest. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant status (TAS) were determined as the markers of enzymatic antioxidant defence. At the same time, lipid peroxidation (TBAR...
Catalán J, Yánez-Ortiz I, Torres-Garrido M, Ribas-Maynou J, Llavanera M, Barranco I, Yeste M, Miró J.Cryopreservation is a stressful process for sperm, as it is associated with an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Elevated ROS levels, which create an imbalance with antioxidant capacity, may result in membrane lipid peroxidation (LPO), protein damage and DNA fragmentation. This study aimed to determine whether the membrane LPO and DNA fragmentation of frozen-thawed horse sperm relies upon antioxidant activity, including enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT) and paraoxonase type 1 (PON1)); non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity (Trolo...
Li X, Ma J, Li H, Li H, Ma Y, Deng H, Yang K.The objective of this study was to examine the effects of supplemental β-alanine feeding on the athletic performance of Yili horses involved in speed racing, focusing on alterations in plasma free amino acid patterns pre and post exercise. Additionally, the research aimed to evaluate the effects of carnosine on the plasma acid-base buffering capacity and antioxidant levels in these horses. Twelve Yili horse stallions, averaging 3 years in age and 346.50 ± 21.39 kg in weight, were chosen and randomly divided into two groups: a control group and a test group, each comprising six horses...
Riccio AV, Costa BK, Alonso MA, Affonso FJ, França DS, Nichi M, Belli CB, McLean AK, Boakari YL, Fernandes CB.After parturition, a rapid transition occurs from the intrauterine to the extrauterine milieu, exposing neonates to physiological circumstances characterized by oxidative conditions that instigate the generation of reactive oxygen species. These free radicals play pivotal roles in physiological processes; however, an imbalance between their production and the removal of antioxidants can result in severe cellular damage. The main objective of this study was to compare the oxidative and antioxidant profiles in mule and horse neonates immediately post-parturition, as well as at subsequent time po...
Salgado CRS, Silva ADNE, Arruda IF, Millar PR, Amendoeira MRR, Leon LAA, Teixeira RBC, de Lima JTB, Chalhoub FLL, Bispo de Filippis AM, Fonseca ABM....Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection has been demonstrated in various animal species; those recognized as potential zoonotic reservoirs pose a considerable risk to public health. In Brazil, HEV-3 is the only genotype identified in humans and swine nationwide, in a colony-breeding cynomolgus monkey and, recently, in bovines and capybara. There is no information regarding HEV exposure in the equine population in Brazil. This study aimed to investigate anti-HEV antibodies and viral RNA in serum samples from horses slaughtered for meat export and those bred for sport/reproduction purposes. We used a ...
Guo K, Guo W, Liu D, Zhang W, Yang Y, Zhang Z, Li S, Wang J, Chu X, Wang Y, Hu Z, Wang X.The high abortion rate associated with Abortusequi (. Abortusequi) infection in equids has re-emerged over the past 10 years and has caused serious economic losses to China. Our previous studies showed that the flagellin FljB gene could distinguish . Abortusequi from most serotypes. In this study, the flagellin antigen was used to develop a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) that could be used to detect both horse and donkey serum samples using a monoclonal antibody (MAb) that was found to bind to FljB. A cELISA was established using the purified MAb coating of the plate ...
Shi J, Zhao G, Huang X, Li X, Ma Y, Yang K.This study aimed to explore the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) supplementation on the growth performance, immune function, and antioxidant capacity of foals. Fifteen newborn foals with similar birth weight (51.67 ± 6.07 kg) and good health were randomly assigned to three groups: control group and test groups I and II, which were supplemented with 5.0 × 10 CFU/day and 1.0 × 10 CFU/day LGG, respectively, for 150 days. LGG intake increased the daily body height (P < .01) and weight (P < .01) gain of foals aged 120 to 150 days. The foals' IgA (P < .05) and IgG...
Ozaydın T, Celik I, Sur E, Oznurlu Y, Uluısık D.We attempted to characterize the cytochemical staining patterns of leukocytes and to determine the percentages of alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) and acid phosphatase (ACPase) positive lymphocytes in peripheral blood of thoroughbred foals at different ages. Blood samples were obtained from the jugular veins of 60 healthy thoroughbred foals, 1 day, 3 days and 1 year old. Each age group included 10 male and 10 female animals. Peroxidase (PO) activity was detected in neutrophils, eosinophils and monocytes. Lymphocytes were negative for PO staining. Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining was o...
Ceusters JD, Mouithys-Mickalad AA, de la Rebière de Pouyade G, Franck TJ, Votion DM, Deby-Dupont GP, Serteyn DA.To culture equine myoblasts from muscle microbiopsy specimens, examine myoblast production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in conditions of anoxia followed by reoxygenation, and assess the effects of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) on ROS production. Methods: 5 healthy horses (5 to 15 years old). Methods: Equine skeletal myoblast cultures were derived from 1 or 2 microbiopsy specimens obtained from a triceps brachii muscle of each horse. Cultured myoblasts were exposed to conditions of anoxia followed by reoxygenation or to conditions of normoxia (control cells). Cell p...
White IG.When sperm of the ram, bull, boar and stallion are cold-shocked by rapid cooling to near freezing point, motility and metabolic activity are irreversibly depressed and the acrosome and plasma membrane disrupted. Ram sperm become susceptible to cold shock in the proximal corpus region of the epididymis when the cytoplasmic droplet has moved backwards to the distal portion of the sperm midpiece. The membrane constituents phospholipids and cholesterol are important in cold shock which causes loss of lipid from sperm. The susceptibility of sperm to cold shock is linked with a high ratio of unsatur...
Matsuki N, Tamura S, Ono K, Watari T, Goitsuka R, Yamanobe A, Hiraga A, Kubo K, Takagi S, Hasegawa A.To understand the pathogenesis of equine exercise-induced myopathies and hemolysis, changes of phospholipid peroxidation products in the equine middle gluteal muscle and erythrocytes following the high-speed treadmill exercise were studied. In the skeletal muscle, the peroxidized phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) were increased at 24 hours after the exercise. The malondialdehydes (MDAs) were also increased as the protein-bound MDAs following exercise. In the erythrocytes, the peroxidized PE were significantly decreased at 24 hours after the exercise. The protein-bound MDAs were significantly incre...
Blue MG, Brady AA, Davidson JN, Kenney RM.Forty uterine fluid samples were obtained during oestrus and dioestrus of successive cycles from 4 mares classified as resistant to bacterial infection of the uterus. The flushings were assayed for peroxidase activity and ability to influence phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear neutrophils. Uterine fluid volumes and protein concentrations and serum oestrogen values were similar during oestrus and dioestrus. Serum progesterone concentrations were depressed during oestrus. Equine neutrophils adherent to glass slides were exposed to a genital strain of Streptococcus zooepidemicus suspended in salin...
Shibata N, Tatsumi N, Tanaka K, Okamura Y, Senda N.The intracellular location of the binding site of antibody against purified myosin prepared from equine leucocytes was investigated in neutrophils and lymphocytes by electron microscopy using peroxidase-labelled antibody method. The myosin extracted from equine leucocytes could bind skeletal muscle F-actin and the formed complex showed the biophysical and biochemical properties and electron microscopic appearance of actomyosin. On immunodiffusion, the leucocyte myosin formed a single precipitin line with its antibody prepared in rabbits. The antibody also formed single precipitin lines with my...
Shibata N, Tatsumi N, Tanaka K, Okamura Y, Senda N.The intracellular location of the binding site of antibody against purified myosin prepared from equine leucocytes was investigated in neutrophils and lymphocytes by electron microscopy using peroxidase-labelled antibody method. The myosin extracted from equine leucocytes could bind skeletal muscle F-actin and the formed complex showed the biophysical and biochemical properties and electron microscopic appearance of actomyosin. On immunodiffusion, the leucocyte myosin formed a single precipitin line with its antibody prepared in rabbits. The antibody also formed single precipitin lines with my...
Matsuki N, Tamura S, Ono K, Watari T, Goitsuka R, Yamanobe A, Hiraga A, Kubo K, Takagi S, Hasegawa A.To understand the pathogenesis of equine exercise-induced myopathies and hemolysis, changes of phospholipid peroxidation products in the equine middle gluteal muscle and erythrocytes following the high-speed treadmill exercise were studied. In the skeletal muscle, the peroxidized phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) were increased at 24 hours after the exercise. The malondialdehydes (MDAs) were also increased as the protein-bound MDAs following exercise. In the erythrocytes, the peroxidized PE were significantly decreased at 24 hours after the exercise. The protein-bound MDAs were significantly incre...
Ceusters JD, Mouithys-Mickalad AA, de la Rebière de Pouyade G, Franck TJ, Votion DM, Deby-Dupont GP, Serteyn DA.To culture equine myoblasts from muscle microbiopsy specimens, examine myoblast production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in conditions of anoxia followed by reoxygenation, and assess the effects of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) on ROS production. Methods: 5 healthy horses (5 to 15 years old). Methods: Equine skeletal myoblast cultures were derived from 1 or 2 microbiopsy specimens obtained from a triceps brachii muscle of each horse. Cultured myoblasts were exposed to conditions of anoxia followed by reoxygenation or to conditions of normoxia (control cells). Cell p...
Blue MG, Brady AA, Davidson JN, Kenney RM.Forty uterine fluid samples were obtained during oestrus and dioestrus of successive cycles from 4 mares classified as resistant to bacterial infection of the uterus. The flushings were assayed for peroxidase activity and ability to influence phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear neutrophils. Uterine fluid volumes and protein concentrations and serum oestrogen values were similar during oestrus and dioestrus. Serum progesterone concentrations were depressed during oestrus. Equine neutrophils adherent to glass slides were exposed to a genital strain of Streptococcus zooepidemicus suspended in salin...
Ozaydın T, Celik I, Sur E, Oznurlu Y, Uluısık D.We attempted to characterize the cytochemical staining patterns of leukocytes and to determine the percentages of alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) and acid phosphatase (ACPase) positive lymphocytes in peripheral blood of thoroughbred foals at different ages. Blood samples were obtained from the jugular veins of 60 healthy thoroughbred foals, 1 day, 3 days and 1 year old. Each age group included 10 male and 10 female animals. Peroxidase (PO) activity was detected in neutrophils, eosinophils and monocytes. Lymphocytes were negative for PO staining. Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining was o...
White IG.When sperm of the ram, bull, boar and stallion are cold-shocked by rapid cooling to near freezing point, motility and metabolic activity are irreversibly depressed and the acrosome and plasma membrane disrupted. Ram sperm become susceptible to cold shock in the proximal corpus region of the epididymis when the cytoplasmic droplet has moved backwards to the distal portion of the sperm midpiece. The membrane constituents phospholipids and cholesterol are important in cold shock which causes loss of lipid from sperm. The susceptibility of sperm to cold shock is linked with a high ratio of unsatur...
Shi J, Zhao G, Huang X, Li X, Ma Y, Yang K.This study aimed to explore the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) supplementation on the growth performance, immune function, and antioxidant capacity of foals. Fifteen newborn foals with similar birth weight (51.67 ± 6.07 kg) and good health were randomly assigned to three groups: control group and test groups I and II, which were supplemented with 5.0 × 10 CFU/day and 1.0 × 10 CFU/day LGG, respectively, for 150 days. LGG intake increased the daily body height (P < .01) and weight (P < .01) gain of foals aged 120 to 150 days. The foals' IgA (P < .05) and IgG...
Guo K, Guo W, Liu D, Zhang W, Yang Y, Zhang Z, Li S, Wang J, Chu X, Wang Y, Hu Z, Wang X.The high abortion rate associated with Abortusequi (. Abortusequi) infection in equids has re-emerged over the past 10 years and has caused serious economic losses to China. Our previous studies showed that the flagellin FljB gene could distinguish . Abortusequi from most serotypes. In this study, the flagellin antigen was used to develop a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) that could be used to detect both horse and donkey serum samples using a monoclonal antibody (MAb) that was found to bind to FljB. A cELISA was established using the purified MAb coating of the plate ...
Salgado CRS, Silva ADNE, Arruda IF, Millar PR, Amendoeira MRR, Leon LAA, Teixeira RBC, de Lima JTB, Chalhoub FLL, Bispo de Filippis AM, Fonseca ABM....Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection has been demonstrated in various animal species; those recognized as potential zoonotic reservoirs pose a considerable risk to public health. In Brazil, HEV-3 is the only genotype identified in humans and swine nationwide, in a colony-breeding cynomolgus monkey and, recently, in bovines and capybara. There is no information regarding HEV exposure in the equine population in Brazil. This study aimed to investigate anti-HEV antibodies and viral RNA in serum samples from horses slaughtered for meat export and those bred for sport/reproduction purposes. We used a ...
Riccio AV, Costa BK, Alonso MA, Affonso FJ, França DS, Nichi M, Belli CB, McLean AK, Boakari YL, Fernandes CB.After parturition, a rapid transition occurs from the intrauterine to the extrauterine milieu, exposing neonates to physiological circumstances characterized by oxidative conditions that instigate the generation of reactive oxygen species. These free radicals play pivotal roles in physiological processes; however, an imbalance between their production and the removal of antioxidants can result in severe cellular damage. The main objective of this study was to compare the oxidative and antioxidant profiles in mule and horse neonates immediately post-parturition, as well as at subsequent time po...
Bujok J, Pavľak A, Walski T, Zigo F, Trochanowska-Pauk N, Bohara R, Miśta D.Combat training of police horses, involving physical activity in the presence of environmental stressors, poses a risk of oxidative stress. This study compared the oxidative imbalance after combat training in horses in the regular police service and in horses that had just been schooled. Blood collection was performed immediately after training and after 16 h rest. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant status (TAS) were determined as the markers of enzymatic antioxidant defence. At the same time, lipid peroxidation (TBAR...
Li X, Ma J, Li H, Li H, Ma Y, Deng H, Yang K.The objective of this study was to examine the effects of supplemental β-alanine feeding on the athletic performance of Yili horses involved in speed racing, focusing on alterations in plasma free amino acid patterns pre and post exercise. Additionally, the research aimed to evaluate the effects of carnosine on the plasma acid-base buffering capacity and antioxidant levels in these horses. Twelve Yili horse stallions, averaging 3 years in age and 346.50 ± 21.39 kg in weight, were chosen and randomly divided into two groups: a control group and a test group, each comprising six horses...
Catalán J, Yánez-Ortiz I, Torres-Garrido M, Ribas-Maynou J, Llavanera M, Barranco I, Yeste M, Miró J.Cryopreservation is a stressful process for sperm, as it is associated with an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Elevated ROS levels, which create an imbalance with antioxidant capacity, may result in membrane lipid peroxidation (LPO), protein damage and DNA fragmentation. This study aimed to determine whether the membrane LPO and DNA fragmentation of frozen-thawed horse sperm relies upon antioxidant activity, including enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT) and paraoxonase type 1 (PON1)); non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity (Trolo...
