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Topic:Veterinary Care
Veterinary care in horses encompasses the medical and preventive measures taken to maintain and improve the health and well-being of equine patients. It includes a wide range of practices such as routine health examinations, vaccinations, dental care, parasite control, and management of injuries and diseases. Veterinary care also involves diagnostic procedures, surgical interventions, and therapeutic treatments tailored to the specific needs of horses. This page gathers peer-reviewed research studies and scholarly articles that explore various aspects of equine veterinary care, including advancements in diagnostic techniques, treatment protocols, and health management strategies to support the well-being and performance of horses.
Radiographic examination of the equine foot. A complete radiographic examination of the equine foot consists of properly exposed, processed, and positioned radiographs. For radiographic interpretation, in addition to knowing radiographic signs of disease, a knowledge of normal radiographic anatomy and possible insignificant anatomic variations is necessary.
Diagnosis and treatment of the navicular syndrome in horses. Navicular syndrome can be treated in a variety of ways. This is related to the fact that it has a variety of causes. Prognostically, most horses will improve with treatment. One can expect about 50 per cent of the horses to become useably sound for 1 year, no matter what treatment is used. The disease is progressive, and affected horses eventually will need to be retired because of lameness. The author's therapeutic approach is to utilize shoeing as the primary therapy. Shoeing is performed to correct structural problems and to ensure that shoeing is physiologically sound. Nonsteroidal anti-in...
[Micronema deletrix as the cause of a granulomatous nephritis in a horse]. Infections with Micronema deletrix are described sporadically in humans and horses. This case report describes the infection with Micronema deletrix in a horse. The animal was sent to the clinic because of recurrent colic. On rectal palpation a mass was detected in the area of the right kidney and the horse was destroyed on its owners request. At slaughter a greatly enlarged right kidney interspersed with numerous white nodules was found. Histological examination revealed a granulomatous nephritis with numerous sections of nematodes. Based on their morphology and size, they were identified as ...
Conditions of the interphalangeal joints. The various conditions of the interphalangeal joint are presented; these include degenerative joint disease and osteochondral chip fractures of the proximal interphalangeal joint, fractures of the middle phalanx affecting proximal and/or distal interphalangeal joints, subluxation and osteochondrosis of the proximal interphalangeal joint, and arthrosis of the distal interphalangeal joint.
Miscellaneous conditions of the equine foot. The etiology, clinical presentation, radiographic findings, diagnostic criteria, differential diagnoses, treatment, and prognosis are reviewed for several clinically important conditions of the equine foot. These include pedal osteitis, sheared heels, distal sesamoid bone (navicular) fractures, subchondral bone cyst of the distal phalanx, distal interphalangeal joint subluxation, congenital phalangeal hypoplasia, bipartite and tripartite distal sesamoid bones, keratoma, ossification of the cartilages of the distal phalanx (sidebones), necrosis of the cartilages of the distal phalanx (quittor),...
Distribution of histological lesions in the equine endometrium. The distribution of histopathological lesions in the equine endometrium was examined to investigate the representativeness of a single biopsy specimen in terms of the whole endometrium. Five sections from each of 110 uteri obtained from slaughtered mares were evaluated microscopically and classified according to a four-category grading system used for endometrial biopsies. Depending on the extent of agreement between the categories of the homologous sections, the uteri were considered to show either good agreement (81 uteri; 73.6 per cent), moderate agreement (26 uteri; 23.6 per cent) or poor ...
Evaluation of total plasma bile acid concentrations for the diagnosis of hepatobiliary disease in horses. Plasma bile acid concentrations were measured in normal horses. There was no diurnal variation in values, and age and sex had no effect. There was no significant difference between serum and plasma bile acid concentrations in clinically normal horses. Plasma bile acids were stable on storage for one month at -20 degrees C. The total plasma bile acid concentrations together with total and direct bilirubin concentrations and plasma activities of aspartate aminotransferase, glutamate and iditol dehydrogenase were evaluated in horses with various types of hepatobiliary disease (hepatic necrosis, l...
Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT). Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT), developed in 1984, was the result of further studies on in vitro fertilization (IVF). Since that time many nurses have worked in settings near in vitro fertilization centers and, therefore, have a basic understanding of the technology. An overview is given of the GIFT procedure to prepare nurses to advise and refer couples who may qualify for GIFT and to highlight the shift in the fertility program nurse coordinator's functions toward the positions of administrator and consultant.
Predictive utility of pre-partum temperature changes in the mare. Rectal temperature was recorded from 22 mares at 0700, 1500 and 2300 h daily for seven days pre-partum and one day post partum. A circadian variation in rectal temperature was present with the lowest temperature recorded at 0700 h. Because of this, the mares were divided into three groups based on time of parturition; those foaling between 0700 and 1500 h (n = 2); between 1500 and 2300 h (n = 13); and between 2300 and 0700 h (n = 7). On the day prior to delivery (Day -1) the circadian pattern was absent because the nocturnal increase did not occur. A significant decrease in temperature was rec...
People and Horses: The Risks of Riding. Horseback riding carries several risks, some of which can be minimized if riders take riding lessons, wear proper headgear and footgear, and remember that they are on top of a large, willful animal.
Sustained supraventricular tachycardia in a horse. A case of sustained supraventricular tachycardia of unknown aetiology in a two-year-old Thoroughbred filly is reported. The cardiac dysrhythm was successfully treated by the oral administration of quinidine sulphate. Conversion of the dysrhythm to sinus rhythm occurred approximately 80 min after the initial dose of 5 g of quinidine sulphate. The horse returned to training approximately 2 months after treatment and has since successfully returned to racing.
Small-colon rupture attributable to granulosa cell tumor in a mare. A large granulosa cell tumor was believed to be responsible for causing obstruction and subsequent rupture of the small colon in a 10-year-old Quarter Horse mare. Two months earlier, a mass, tentatively diagnosed as granulosa cell tumor of the left ovary, had been identified by means of rectal palpation and ultrasonography. The mare was evaluated for clinical signs of acute, severe, abdominal pain, increased heart rate, cyanotic mucous membranes, clinical dehydration, with high PCV, leukopenia, and extreme abdominal distension. A large soft tissue mass and taut band that constricted the lumen ...
[Anesthesia of horses in the standing position]. Painful interventions can be performed on horse in standing position by means of sedative analgesia, also called standing-position anaesthesia. Combinations of anaesthetics are quite often used, in that context, for the purpose of producing analgetic effects stronger and more reliable than those that would be obtainable from one anaesthetic alone. The following combinations were comparatively tested for their analgetic and sedative effects and their effects upon the organism: Chloralhydrate with Ursonarkon (oxazolidone), Chloralhydrate with Rompun (xylazine), Chloralhydrate with morphine hydro...
Myoelectric activity of the cecum and right ventral colon in female ponies. The myoelectric activity of the cecum and right ventral colon (RVC) was studied in 4 female ponies. Eight, bipolar Ag-AgCl electrodes were sequentially placed on the seromuscular layer of the cecum (6 electrodes) and RVC (2 electrodes), and recordings were begun 14 days after surgery. The myoelectric activity for each pony was recorded during 12, 60-minute recording sessions done during the interdigestive period (3 to 7 hours after the morning feeding). Coordinated series of spike bursts were recognized as independent motility patterns in the cecum and in the RVC. Local haustra-haustra myoelec...
Equine zygomycosis caused by Conidiobolus lamprauges. A 15-year-old Arabian mare from southern Louisiana with a 2-month history of periodic epistaxis and severe weight loss had a large, fibrosing, granulomatous mass containing numerous nodules ("kunkers") projecting dorsally into the nasopharynx, and was euthanized at the owner's request. In addition to these kunkers, the mass contained a single trematode tentatively identified as Fasciola hepatica. Several kunkers were removed, washed thoroughly in sterile water and embedded in nutrient agars; the fungus that grew out of them was identified as Conidiobolus lamprauges Drechsler (Entomophthorales:...
Serum amyloid A protein (SAA) in horses: objective measurement of the acute phase response. A sensitive and precise immunoassay for equine serum amyloid A protein (SAA) was established and used to determine, for the first time, the circulating concentration of this protein in health and disease. As in other species, equine SAA was present only at trace levels in healthy animals but behaved as an extremely sensitive and rapidly responding acute phase reactant following most forms of tissue injury, infection and inflammation, objectively reflecting the extent and activity of disease. Measurements of SAA should make a significant contribution to diagnosis and management of viral and bac...
Enterotomy technique in the descending colon of the horse. Effect of location and suture pattern. To compare the effects of placing enterotomy incisions on or off the antimesenteric teniae and closing the intestinal mucosa as a separate layer, four longitudinal enterotomies were performed in the descending colon of each of six horses by the following techniques: incision through the antimesenteric teniae with one- and two-layer closure, and incision adjacent to the teniae with one- and two-layer closure. The horses were necropsied at day 33 for evidence of obstruction, adhesions, and ultrasonographic determination of the percent reduction in lumen diameter. Histologic and histomorphometric...
ELISA detection of fentanyl in horse urine and plasma. The prototype of a commercial ELISA test kit designed for fentanyl determination in human urine has been evaluated for screening fentanyl in horse urine and plasma. The measurement of fentanyl after intravenous (2 mg) and intramuscular (0.25 mg) administration in undiluted plasma was not reproducible while accurate quantification of fentanyl in urine greatly depends on the composition of the horse urine. The ELISA assay, however, is simple and could be successfully used for quantitative measurements in diluted urine and for rapid qualitative screening for fentanyl in large numbers of urine sam...
