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Topic:Virology

Virology in horses encompasses the study of viruses that affect equine species, including their biology, transmission, and impact on horse health. This field investigates viral pathogens that can lead to a range of diseases, from respiratory infections to neurological disorders. Common viruses affecting horses include equine influenza virus, equine herpesvirus, and West Nile virus. Understanding these viruses involves examining their genetic makeup, modes of transmission, and interactions with the equine immune system. This page compiles peer-reviewed research studies and scholarly articles that explore the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and control measures of viral infections in horses.
The Properties and Classification of Two New Rhinoviruses Recovered from Horses in Toronto, Canada.
The Cornell veterinarian    April 1, 1965   Volume 55 181-189 
DITCHFIELD J, MACPHERSON LW.No abstract available
Lipid Inclusions in L Cells Associated with Venezuelan Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus Infection.
Journal of bacteriology    April 1, 1965   Volume 89, Issue 4 1101-1103 doi: 10.1128/jb.89.4.1101-1103.1965
HARDY FM, ARBITER D.Hardy, Frank M. (Fort Detrick, Frederick, Md.), and David Arbiter. Lipid inclusions in L cells associated with Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus infection. J. Bacteriol. 89:1101-1103. 1965.-Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) virus has been shown to induce changes of lipid components within the L cell. Lipid inclusions in the form of dark granular bodies were observed in the L cell after aqueous osmium tetroxide fixation and Sudan black staining. Microscopic examination of cells as early as 8 hr after infection with VEE virus showed an increase in the concentration of these inclu...
Factors Influencing Determination of Antigenic Relationships Between Western Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus Strains.
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)    March 1, 1965   Volume 94 365-370 
SATURNO A, HENDERSON JR.No abstract available
[Characterization of an equine abortion virus from Poland and comparison with known equine rhinopneumonitis virus strains].
Archiv fur die gesamte Virusforschung    January 1, 1965   Volume 17, Issue 2 216-230 
Mayr A, Böhm HO, Brill J, Woyciechowska S.No abstract available
Serological evidence of the incidence of influenza equine A-1 virus infections among horses in Hungary.
Acta microbiologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae    January 1, 1965   Volume 12, Issue 3 289-294 
Romváry J, Takátsy G, Farkas E.No abstract available
[Properties of the equine arteritis virus].
Pathologia et microbiologia    January 1, 1965   Volume 28, Issue 6 939-949 
Bürki F.No abstract available
ZBITNEW A: UPPER RESPIRATORY DISEASE IN THOUROUGHBRED HORSES: STUDIES OF ITS VIRAL ETIOLOGY IN THE TORONTO AREA, 1960 TO 1963.
Canadian journal of comparative medicine and veterinary science    January 1, 1965   Volume 29, Issue 1 18-22 
DITCHFIELD J, MACPHERSON LW.From outbreaks of upper respiratory infection of horses in the Toronto area between 1960 and 1963, several viruses have been isolated. The viruses, isolated in tissue cultures or eggs, include an equine strain of Myxovirus parainfluenzae 3; two strains of equine influenza virus, A/equi-1/Prague/56, and A/equi-2/Miami/63; equine rhinopneumonitis virus, and two newly recognized viruses of the horse, equine rhinoviruses. In addition serological evidence suggested a widespread infection with these viruses in the population under study. Because of the identical clinical picture seen and the complex...
WHO collaborative studies on enterovirus reference antisera.
Bulletin of the World Health Organization    January 1, 1965   Volume 33, Issue 6 761-772 
Melnick JL, Hampil B.This paper summarizes the results of co-operative studies undertaken by the WHO International Reference Centre for Enteroviruses and a number of WHO Regional Reference Centres for viruses, WHO Virus Collaborating Laboratories, or other laboratories in a comprehensive testing programme of enterovirus equine antisera. The studies were designed to appraise the specificity of immune serum prepared in horses against five representative prototype enteroviruses (poliovirus 1, coxsackieviruses A9 and B3, and echoviruses 4 and 11). Tests for neutralizing antibody were performed not only against the hom...
EXPERIMENTAL INFECTION OF HORSES WITH JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS BY MOSQUITO BITS.
The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene    September 1, 1964   Volume 13 742-746 doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1964.13.742
GOULD DJ, BYRNE RJ, HAYES DE.No abstract available
Acceleration of Reproduction of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus by Actinomycin D.
Acta virologica    July 1, 1964   Volume 8 378-379 
ZHDANOV VM, GAIDAMOVICH SY, VAGZHANOVA VA.No abstract available
Potentiating Effect of Fractions of Eastern Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus on Interferon Production. MAHDY MS, HO M.No abstract available
Serum Hepatitis in the Horse.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association    April 1, 1964   Volume 144 734-740 
HJERPE CA.No abstract available
Propagation of Western Equine Encephalitis Virus in Mice Following Intramuscular and Intranasal Inoculation. FROESCHLE JE.No abstract available
Antigenic Variants of Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus.
The Journal of experimental medicine    April 1, 1964   Volume 119, Issue 4 547-565 doi: 10.1084/jem.119.4.547
CASALS J.A study by hemagglutination-inhibition test showed that 19 strains of eastern equine encephalitis virus grouped themselves in two main types, which have been designated North American and South American. The former consists of ten strains from the eastern half of the United States, from Massachusetts to Florida; Jamaica, the Dominican Republic, and, subject to confirmation, Thailand. The South American type comprises nine strains from Panama, Trinidad, British Guiana, Brazil, and Argentina. The strains were isolated from different natural hosts over a period of 30 years.
Factors Affecting Plaque Formation by the Infectious Ribonucleic Acid of the Equine Encephalitis Viruses.
The Journal of infectious diseases    February 1, 1964   Volume 114 61-68 doi: 10.1093/infdis/114.1.61
COLON JI, IDOINE JB.No abstract available
Clinical and Immunologic Interrelationship Among Venezuelan, Eastern, and Western Equine Encephalomyelitis Viruses in Burros.
American journal of veterinary research    January 1, 1964   Volume 25 24-31 
BYRNE RJ, FRENCH GR, YANCEY FS, GOCHENOUR WS, RUSSELL PK, RAMSBURG HH, BRAND OA, SCHEIDER FG, BUESCHER EL.No abstract available
[Structure and Mode of Multiplication of Animal Virus Types. 5. Experimental Part: Studies on the Multiplication of the Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus, of the Vesicular Stomatitis Virus, and the Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus].
Archiv fur Hygiene und Bakteriologie    December 1, 1963   Volume 147 616-644 
MUSSGAY M.No abstract available
POSSIBLE VIRAL ETIOLOGY OF BOVINE AND EQUINE LEUKEMIA.
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences    November 4, 1963   Volume 108 1163-1172 doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1963.tb13442.x
MCKERCHER DG, WADA EM, STRAUB OC, THEILEN GH.No abstract available
An Outbreak of Type A(2) Influenza Among Horses.
Canadian journal of comparative medicine and veterinary science    November 1, 1963   Volume 27, Issue 11 257-260 
Marois P, Pavilanis V, Boudreault A, Di Franco E.The clinical diagnosis of equine influenza was first based on the spectacular contagiousness of the disease, the general clinical resemblances to human influenza and the almost complete absence of complications usually observed in infectious viral arteritis, viral rhinopneumonitis or in other respiratory infections of the horses. The specific viral etiology of the epizootic was ascertained through the isolation of a type A influenza virus and further substantiated by evaluation of the immunological response of the sick horses, as demonstrated by complement fixation and hemagglutination-inhibit...
A New Influenza Virus Associated with Equine Respiratory Disease.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association    September 15, 1963   Volume 143 587-590 
WADDELL GH, TEIGLAND MB, SIGEL MM.No abstract available
Formaldehyde-Induced Mutation of Western Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus.
Biulleten\' eksperimental\'noi biologii i meditsiny    September 1, 1963   Volume 56 73-76 
ZASUKHINA GD.No abstract available
[On the Fine Structure of a Virus of the Herpes Group Isolated from Horses (Short Report)].
Archiv fur die gesamte Virusforschung    August 26, 1963   Volume 13 591-593 
RECZKO E, MAYR A.No abstract available
Antigenic Variation Among Strains of Western Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus.
The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene    May 1, 1963   Volume 12 408-412 doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1963.12.408
KARABATSOS N, BOURKE AT, HENDERSON JR.No abstract available
A planned infection program for immunizing mares against viral rhinopneumonitis.
The Cornell veterinarian    April 1, 1963   Volume 53 249-262 
DOLL ER, BRYANS JT.No abstract available
Infection and Growth of Equine Rhinopneumonitis Virus in Cultured Horse Kidney Cells.
The Japanese journal of experimental medicine    April 1, 1963   Volume 33 113-120 
SHIMIZU T, ISHIZAKI R, MATUMOTO M.No abstract available
Effect of puromycin on the replication of Western equine encephalitis and poliomyelitis viruses.
Nature    March 30, 1963   Volume 197 1277-1279 doi: 10.1038/1971277a0
WECKER E.No abstract available
The nucleic acid content of equine abortion virus.
Virology    March 1, 1963   Volume 19 322-327 doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(63)90071-0
DARLINGTON RW, RANDALL CC.Equine abortion virus was purified from the plasma of infected golden Syrian hamsters by differential centrifugation and nuclease treatment. The preparations were essentially free of nonviral elements on electron microscopic examination, and sedimentation in sucrose and potassium tartrate density gradients resulted in a single visible band. Electron microscopy of this band showed it to be composed of viral particles, and injection into hamsters resulted in infection and death of the animals. The viral particles had a sedimentation coefficient of approximately 2200 S and a hydrated density of 1...
A Plaque Assay for Equine Rhinopneumonitis Virus on Monolayer Culture of Horse Kidney Cells.
The Japanese journal of experimental medicine    February 1, 1963   Volume 33 85-93 
SHIMIZU T, ISHIZAKI R, MATUMOTO M.No abstract available
Equine virus abortion in Canada. II. Isolation of viruses and detection of antibodies in tissue culture.
The Cornell veterinarian    January 1, 1963   Volume 53 88-98 
GIRARD A, GREIG AS, MITCHELL D.No abstract available
An equine respiratory enterovirus. Some biological and physical properties.
Archiv fur die gesamte Virusforschung    January 1, 1963   Volume 12 694-700 doi: 10.1007/BF01246390
PLUMMER G.Experiments involving the intranasal inoculation of monkeys, rabbits and guinea pigs with an equine respiratory virus were carried out. The animals were killed at various intervals after inoculation and attempts made to isolate virus in tissue culture from extracts of homogenized tissues and organs. All three species were susceptible, virus reproduction occurring in the respiratory tract and associated lymph glands. Of the three species virus was least readily isolated from the guinea pig tissues. There was a viraemia in monkeys and rabbits, but virus was less readily detected in the blood of ...
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